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    Solid superacid catalysts for the isomerization of hydrocarbons and sol-gel process for their production
    2.
    发明授权
    Solid superacid catalysts for the isomerization of hydrocarbons and sol-gel process for their production 有权
    固体超强酸催化剂用于烃的异构化和溶胶 - 凝胶法的生产

    公开(公告)号：US06180556B2

    公开(公告)日：2001-01-30

    申请号：US09372140

    申请日：1999-08-11

    申请人： Marcello Marella ,  Michele Tomaselli ,  Letizia Meregalli ,  Francesco Pinna

    发明人： Marcello Marella ,  Michele Tomaselli ,  Letizia Meregalli ,  Francesco Pinna

    IPC分类号： B01J27053

    CPC分类号： B01J21/066 ,  B01J21/04 ,  B01J23/38 ,  B01J27/053 ,  B01J35/08 ,  B01J37/036 ,  B01J37/20 ,  C01G25/006 ,  C01G25/02 ,  C01P2002/88 ,  C01P2004/32 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C01P2006/14 ,  C01P2006/16 ,  C01P2006/80 ,  C01P2006/90

    摘要： Solid superacid catalysts, in the form of spheres or microspheres, consisting of a mixed sulfated oxide of zirconium and of at least one other element selected from those of group 3, group 4, group 5, group 6, group 7, group 8 group 9, group 10, group 11, group 12, group 13, group 14, group 15 and those of the series of lanthanides, alone or combined with each other, are characterized in that they are obtained by means of a sol-gel process comprising the following steps: preparing a zirconium sol, mixed with a thickening agent and optionally with the element or elements selected; adding, only when microspheres are to be obtained, a non-ionic surface-active agent, to the sol; dripping, obtaining spheres, or atomising, obtaining microspheres, the sol into a basic gelation bath; ageing the spheres or microspheres of gel thus obtained; washing the spheres or microspheres with water up to pH=9; and draining them without drying them; impregnating the spheres or microspheres of gel with an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate or, if it is not possible to obtain cogelation of the element selected with the zirconium hydroxide, with a solution of ammonium sulfate and a salt of said element selected; drying the spheres or microspheres and calcining them in air at temperatures ranging from 450° C. to 700° C. In particular, the solid superacid catalysts, when the element of group 13 is Al, can be conveniently used for isomerizing aliphatic hydrocarbons having a low molecular weight.

    摘要翻译： 由球体或微球形式的固体超强酸催化剂，其由锆的混合硫酸化氧化物和选自组3，组4，组5，组6，组7，组8组9中的至少一种其它元素组成 ，第10组，第11组，第12组，第13组，第14组，第15组和镧系镧系列的单独或组合的特征在于它们通过溶胶 - 凝胶法获得，所述溶胶 - 凝胶法包括 以下步骤：制备锆溶胶，与增稠剂和任选地与选择的元素混合;只有当获得微球时，才添加非离子表面活性剂; 滴入，获得球体或雾化，获得微球，将溶胶浸入碱性凝胶浴中; 老化由此获得的凝胶的球体或微球体;用高达pH = 9的水洗涤球体或微球体; 并在不干燥的情况下排干它们;用硫酸铵水溶液浸渍凝胶球或微球体，或者如果不可能用氢氧化锆选择的元素获得共凝胶，用硫酸铵溶液和 选择所述元件;干燥球体或微球体并在450℃至700℃的温度范围内在空气中煅烧。特别地，当第13族元素为Al时，固体超强酸催化剂可以方便地用于异构化 具有低分子量的脂族烃。

    Equipment and process for the preparation of electric conducting composite samples for the direct instrumental analysis of powders
    4.
    发明授权
    Equipment and process for the preparation of electric conducting composite samples for the direct instrumental analysis of powders 失效
    用于制备导电复合材料样品的设备和工艺，用于粉末的直接仪器分析

    公开(公告)号：US06170556B2

    公开(公告)日：2001-01-09

    申请号：US09120339

    申请日：1998-07-22

    申请人： Marino Battagliarin ,  Emilio Sentimenti ,  Letizia Meregalli

    发明人： Marino Battagliarin ,  Emilio Sentimenti ,  Letizia Meregalli

    IPC分类号： B22D1914

    CPC分类号： G01N1/286

    摘要： Equipment for the preparation of electric conducting composite samples by infiltration in a mold characterized in that it essentially comprises: a pressurization/infiltration chamber having at least one opening to connect it by means of appropriate tubes with a vacuum line and a pressure line and devices for sealing both under vacuum and under pressure; a sample-holder, inside said chamber, made of a material with a high thermal conductivity with one or more seats in each of which a mold is housed consisting of: a chemically inert and thermally stable tube made of a non-porous material; a plug, situated at one end of the tube, of a material which is different from the tube; a chemically inert and thermally stable spacer of non-porous material, situated inside the tube in contact with the plug; a device for creating a vacuum in the chamber; a device for pressurizing the chamber; a device for the thermal treatment of the sample-holder.

    摘要翻译： 用于通过在模具中渗透来制备导电复合材料样品的设备，其特征在于，其基本上包括：加压/渗透室，其具有至少一个开口，借助于适当的管与真空管线和压力管线连接，以及用于 在真空和压力下都密封;在所述室内部的样品保持器，由具有高导热性的材料制成，具有一个或多个座，每个座中容纳有模具，其包括：化学惰性和热稳定的管， 的无孔材料;位于所述管的一端的塞子，与所述管不同的材料;化学惰性和热稳定的无孔材料的间隔物，位于所述管内与所述塞子接触的位置 ;用于在所述室中产生真空的装置;用于对所述室加压的装置;用于对所述样品架进行热处理的装置。