公开(公告)号：US08111791B2

公开(公告)日：2012-02-07

申请号：US11614001

申请日：2006-12-20

申请人： Mark Alan Sturza

发明人： Mark Alan Sturza

IPC分类号： H04B1/10

CPC分类号： H03H17/045 ,  H03H17/0277

摘要： A method for designing a digital filter, includes: (a) selecting a predetermined number of current sets of coefficients for the digital filter; (b) selecting a metric for evaluating coefficients of the digital filter; (c) computing a metric for each current set of coefficients; (d) deriving a next set of coefficients based on a subset of the current set of coefficients; (e) computing the metric for the next set of coefficients; (f) replacing a selected one of the current set of coefficients based on comparing the metric for the next set of coefficients with the metric for the selected current set of coefficients; and (g) iterating steps (a) to (e) until a termination criterion is met. In one embodiment, the selected metric represents a desired stop band response. The next set of coefficients may be derived by adjusting a first current set of coefficients by a weighted difference between a second current set of coefficients and a third current set of coefficients. The weighted difference may be obtained by multiplying a predetermined factor to the difference between the second current set of coefficients and the third current set of coefficients. In one embodiment, a scaling is performed such that the next set of coefficients does not include a pole outside of the unit circle.

摘要翻译： 一种用于设计数字滤波器的方法，包括：（a）为数字滤波器选择预定数量的当前系数的系数; （b）选择用于评估数字滤波器的系数的度量; （c）计算每个当前系数组的度量; （d）基于当前系数集合的子集导出下一组系数; （e）计算下一组系数的度量; （f）基于将所述下一组系数的度量与所选择的当前系数集合的度量进行比较来替换所述当前系数组中的所选择的一组; 和（g）迭代步骤（a）至（e），直到满足终止标准。 在一个实施例中，所选择的度量表示期望的阻带响应。 可以通过在第二当前的系数集合和第三当前的系数集合之间的加权差调整第一当前的系数集合来导出下一组系数。 可以通过将预定因子与第二当前系数集合和第三当前系数集合之间的差乘以来获得加权差。 在一个实施例中，执行缩放使得下一组系数不包括单位圆之外的极点。

公开(公告)号：US07432810B2

公开(公告)日：2008-10-07

申请号：US11326680

申请日：2005-12-22

申请人： Alberto Menache ,  Mark Alan Sturza

发明人： Alberto Menache ,  Mark Alan Sturza

IPC分类号： G08B13/14 ,  B32B37/00 ,  B31B1/60 ,  B29C65/00

CPC分类号： G01S5/0247 ,  A63F13/06 ,  A63F13/213 ,  A63F13/235 ,  A63F2300/1012 ,  A63F2300/6045 ,  G01S5/06 ,  G01S5/14 ,  Y10T156/10

摘要： Small radio frequency tags for use in a motion capture system include a power source, circuitry for generating radio frequency identification signals, an antenna for transmitting the signals, and means for automatically activating the tags so that the tags begin transmitting the signals including a tag identification code when a cover is removed. The activation means may include a release strip that, when removed, opens or closes an electrical circuit that activates the tag and also exposes an adhesive covered surface of the tag so that the tag can then be adhered to a clothed or unclothed human body or other object to be tracked. The activation means can also include an optical sensor, an oxygen sensor, or other sensors. The battery and the antenna may be printed or constructed of film, thus allowing the tag to be small, thin, and flexible.

摘要翻译： 用于运动捕捉系统的小型射频标签包括电源，用于产生射频识别信号的电路，用于发送信号的天线，以及用于自动激活标签的装置，使得标签开始发送包括标签识别 删除封面时的代码。 激活装置可以包括释放带，当剥离时，打开或关闭激活标签的电路，并且还暴露标签的粘合剂覆盖表面，使得标签然后可以粘附到穿着或未穿过的人体或其他 对象被跟踪。 激活装置还可以包括光学传感器，氧传感器或其他传感器。 电池和天线可以由薄膜打印或构造，从而允许标签小，薄且柔软。

公开(公告)号：US07009561B2

公开(公告)日：2006-03-07

申请号：US10777414

申请日：2004-02-11

申请人： Alberto Menache ,  Mark Alan Sturza

发明人： Alberto Menache ,  Mark Alan Sturza

IPC分类号： G01S3/02 ,  G03B19/18

CPC分类号： G01S5/0247 ,  A63F13/06 ,  A63F13/213 ,  A63F13/235 ,  A63F2300/1012 ,  A63F2300/6045 ,  G01S5/06 ,  G01S5/14 ,  Y10T156/10

摘要： A radio frequency (RF) motion capture system includes stationary sensor receivers, one or more transmitter marker tags on one or more objects to be tracked within a capture zone, at least one stationary reference tag transmitter, and a processing system for processing the received signals. The individual tags transmit burst of spread-spectrum RF signals. The transmitted signals include a common sync code, and a tag identification code that is unique to each tag. By computing double differences of pseudoranges, clock terms are cancelled out allowing the processing system to precisely determine the location of each tag as it moves through the capture zone without the need to synchronize clocks between sensors and tags. The system can be used for RF match moving.

摘要翻译： 射频（RF）运动捕捉系统包括固定传感器接收器，在捕获区域内要跟踪的一个或多个物体上的一个或多个发射器标记标签，至少一个固定参考标签发射器和用于处理接收信号的处理系统 。 单个标签发射扩频射频信号的突发。 所发送的信号包括公共同步码和每个标签唯一的标签识别码。 通过计算伪距的双重差异，时钟项被抵消，允许处理系统精确地确定每个标签在通过捕获区域移动时的位置，而不需要在传感器和标签之间同步时钟。 该系统可用于射频匹配移动。

公开(公告)号：US5678175A

公开(公告)日：1997-10-14

申请号：US466176

申请日：1995-06-06

申请人： James R. Stuart ,  Mark Alan Sturza ,  Jose Manuel Villalvazo ,  David A. Bayer ,  Erik J. Goldman ,  Arthur K. Peters ,  Steven W. Smith

发明人： James R. Stuart ,  Mark Alan Sturza ,  Jose Manuel Villalvazo ,  David A. Bayer ,  Erik J. Goldman ,  Arthur K. Peters ,  Steven W. Smith

IPC分类号： H04B7/185 ,  H04B7/195 ,  H04B10/118

CPC分类号： H04B7/195 ,  H04B7/18521

摘要： A satellite communications system is disclosed. One of the embodiments of the present invention includes six to fourteen satellites (12) which operate in a single Equatorial orbit (14). These satellites (12) are capable of providing communications services to locations on the Earth (E) which are within thirty degrees of the Equator (16). Another embodiment of the invention utilizes both the single Equatorial orbit plane (14) in combination with other satellites (12) moving in polar or inclined orbits (60, 63, 210). The embodiment that combines satellites (12) in Equatorial (14), polar (60) and inclined (63, 210) orbits will provide a wide variety of data services to virtually any point on the globe. In the preferred embodiments, the satellites (12) are designed to operate in a circular low Earth orbit at an altitude of from 800 to 1852 kilometers. Although the preferred embodiments utilize this specific range of altitudes, the satellites (12) are designed to fly in any orbit that is not a geosynchronous orbit. The satellites (12) are also capable of speeding packetized messages (225) around the globe either by working in combination with relay stations (34, 61, 65) on the ground, by transferring message payloads (225) across different orbits via the relay stations (34, 61, 65) or by conveying packetized payloads (225) through the use of inter-satellite links (55).

摘要翻译： 公开了一种卫星通信系统。 本发明的一个实施例包括在单个赤道轨道（14）中操作的6至14个卫星（12）。 这些卫星（12）能够向位于赤道（16）的三十度内的地球（E）上的位置提供通信服务。 本发明的另一实施例利用单个赤道轨道平面（14）与在极坐标或倾斜轨道（60,63,210）中移动的其它卫星（12）组合。 将赤道（14），极地（60）和倾斜（63,210）轨道中的卫星（12）组合的实施例将为地球上几乎任何点提供多种数据服务。 在优选实施例中，卫星（12）被设计成在800至1852公里的高度处的圆形低地球轨道中操作。 虽然优选实施例利用了该特定的高度范围，但卫星（12）被设计成在不是地球同步轨道的任何轨道上飞行。 卫星（12）还能够通过与地面上的中继站（34,61,65）组合工作，通过经由中继站跨不同轨道传送消息有效载荷（225）来加速全球各地的分组化消息（225） 或者通过使用卫星间链路（55）传送分组化的有效载荷（225）的站（34,61,65）。

公开(公告)号：US09037625B2

公开(公告)日：2015-05-19

申请号：US13441501

申请日：2012-04-06

申请人： Mark Alan Sturza ,  Donald Leimer

发明人： Mark Alan Sturza ,  Donald Leimer

IPC分类号： H03H17/02 ,  H03H17/06

CPC分类号： H03H17/0279 ,  H03H17/0277 ,  H03H17/0664

摘要： A method is provided for decimating a digital signal by a factor of M and matching it to a desired channel bandwidth. The method applies the digital signal input samples to a (M−1) stage tapped delay line, downsamples the input samples and the output samples of each tapped delay line stage by a factor of M, and applies each of the M downsampled sample value streams to M allpass IIR filters, respectively. The M allpass IIR filtered sample streams are then summed and scaled by a factor of 1/M. The result can then be filtered by a digital channel filter.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于将数字信号抽取为因子M并将其与所需信道带宽匹配的方法。 该方法将数字信号输入采样应用于（M-1）级抽头延迟线，将每个抽头延迟线级的输入采样和输出采样下降一个因子M，并将每个M下采样的采样值流 到M allpass IIR滤波器。 然后将M allpass IIR滤波后的样本流相加并按比例乘以1 / M。 然后可以通过数字通道滤波器对结果进行滤波。

公开(公告)号：US08176107B2

公开(公告)日：2012-05-08

申请号：US11611542

申请日：2006-12-15

申请人： Mark Alan Sturza ,  Donald Leimer

发明人： Mark Alan Sturza ,  Donald Leimer

IPC分类号： G06F17/17

CPC分类号： H03H17/0279 ,  H03H17/0277 ,  H03H17/0664

摘要： A method is provided for decimating a digital signal by a factor of M and matching it to a desired channel bandwidth. The method applies the digital signal input samples to a (M-1) stage tapped delay line, downsamples the input samples and the output samples of each tapped delay line stage by a factor of M, and applies each of the M downsampled sample value streams to M allpass IIR filters, respectively. The M allpass IIR filtered sample streams are then summed and scaled by a factor of 1/M. The result can then be filtered by a digital channel filter.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于将数字信号抽取为因子M并将其与所需信道带宽匹配的方法。 该方法将数字信号输入采样应用于（M-1）级抽头延迟线，将每个抽头延迟线级的输入采样和输出采样下降一个因子M，并将每个M下采样的采样值流 到M allpass IIR滤波器。 然后将M allpass IIR滤波后的样本流相加并按比例乘以1 / M。 然后可以通过数字通道滤波器对结果进行滤波。

公开(公告)号：US6157621A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-05

申请号：US938015

申请日：1997-09-10

申请人： Alison K. Brown ,  Edward Fenton Tuck ,  David Palmer Patterson ,  Douglas Gene Lockie ,  Vilnis G. Grencions ,  Asu Ram Jha ,  Donald A. Ashford ,  Mark Alan Sturza ,  James R. Stuart ,  Moshe Lerner Liron ,  H. Beat Wackernagel, deceased

发明人： Alison K. Brown ,  Edward Fenton Tuck ,  David Palmer Patterson ,  Douglas Gene Lockie ,  Vilnis G. Grencions ,  Asu Ram Jha ,  Donald A. Ashford ,  Mark Alan Sturza ,  James R. Stuart ,  Moshe Lerner Liron ,  H. Beat Wackernagel, deceased

IPC分类号： H01Q1/24 ,  H01Q1/28 ,  H01Q3/24 ,  H01Q3/26 ,  H01Q5/00 ,  H01Q5/42 ,  H01Q15/02 ,  H01Q21/06 ,  H01Q25/00 ,  H04B7/185 ,  H04L12/28 ,  H04J3/24

CPC分类号： H04B7/18584 ,  H01Q1/242 ,  H01Q1/244 ,  H01Q1/288 ,  H01Q15/02 ,  H01Q21/065 ,  H01Q25/008 ,  H01Q3/24 ,  H01Q3/242 ,  H01Q3/2605 ,  H01Q5/42

摘要： The Satellite Communication System disclosed in the specification is a dynamic constellation (C) of satellites (S). The present invention is capable of offering continuous voice, data and video service to customers across the globe on the land, on the sea, or in the air. The preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a low Earth orbit satellite system that includes 40 spacecraft (S) traveling in each of 21 orbital planes at an altitude of 700 km (435 miles). This relatively large number of satellites employed by the preferred embodiment was selected to provide continuous coverage of the Earth's surface at a high minimum mask angle (1230a) of forty degrees. Each of the individual 840 spacecraft (S) functions as an independent sovereign switch of equal rank which knows the position of its neighbors, and independently handles traffic without ground control. The satellites (S) are capable of transporting calls to millions of customers using portable (P), mobile (M) and fixed (F) residential and business terminals, and gateways (G) to public phone networks. The constellation uses the 20 and 30 GHz frequency bands for communications between Earth and the constellation (C), and the 60 GHz band for communicating among the satellites (S). The present invention is designed to support in excess of 2,000,000 simultaneous connections, representing over 20,000,000 users at typical business usage levels, and over 350 billion minutes of use per year. Only a system such as the preferred embodiment, which utilizes 840 satellites at a preferred minimum mask angle of forty degrees, can accomplish these challenging objectives.

摘要翻译： 本说明书中公开的卫星通信系统是卫星（S）的动态星座（C）。 本发明能够在陆地，海上或空中的全球各地的客户提供连续的语音，数据和视频服务。 本发明的优选实施例包括低地球轨道卫星系统，其包括在高度为700公里（435英里）的21个轨道平面中的每一个中行进的40个航天器（S）。 选择由较佳实施例采用的相对较多数量的卫星以40度的最小掩模角度（1230a）提供对地球表面的连续覆盖。 每个840飞船（S）作为独立的主权交换机，具有相等的等级，它知道其邻居的位置，并且独立地处理没有地面控制的交通。 卫星（S）能够使用便携式（P），移动（M）和固定（F）住宅和商业终端以及网关（G）向公众电话网络传送数百万客户的呼叫。 星座使用20和30 GHz频带进行地球和星座（C）之间的通信，以及60 GHz频段用于在卫星（S）之间进行通信。 本发明旨在支持超过2,000,000个并发连接，在典型业务使用水平上代表超过20,000,000个用户，并且每年使用超过350亿分钟。 只有采用840个优选最小掩模角度为40度的卫星的优选实施例的系统可以实现这些具有挑战性的目标。

公开(公告)号：US5736959A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-07

申请号：US423677

申请日：1995-04-17

申请人： David Palmer Patterson ,  Mark Alan Sturza

发明人： David Palmer Patterson ,  Mark Alan Sturza

IPC分类号： H01Q1/24 ,  H01Q1/28 ,  H01Q3/24 ,  H01Q3/26 ,  H01Q5/00 ,  H01Q15/02 ,  H01Q21/06 ,  H01Q25/00 ,  H04B7/185 ,  H04B7/195 ,  H04B7/204 ,  H01Q3/22 ,  H04M9/00

CPC分类号： H04B7/18589 ,  H01Q1/242 ,  H01Q1/244 ,  H01Q1/288 ,  H01Q15/02 ,  H01Q21/065 ,  H01Q25/008 ,  H01Q3/24 ,  H01Q3/242 ,  H01Q3/2605 ,  H04B7/18584 ,  H04B7/195 ,  H04B7/2041 ,  H04B7/18521 ,  H04B7/18532 ,  H04B7/18541 ,  H04B7/18552

摘要： Earth-fixed cell beam management methods which may be employed to allocate beams generated by a constellation of low Earth orbit satellites (12) flying in orbits below geosynchronous altitudes are disclosed. These beams (19) are electronically steered so that they illuminate "Earth-fixed cells" (26) as opposed to "satellite-fixed cells." Beam steering apparatus using a spherical dielectric lens (106) is disclosed. In a system that employs satellite-fixed cells, the "footprint" of the beams propagated by a spacecraft defines the zone on the ground called a "cell" which is illuminated by the spacecraft. This satellite-fixed cell moves constantly as the spacecraft moves around the globe. In sharp contrast, an "Earth-fixed cell" (26) is a stationary region mapped onto the surface of the Earth (E) that has permanent fixed boundaries, just like a city or a state. Although the rapidly moving satellites (12) still shine their beams over the ground in rapidly moving footprints (16), the locations of the footprints at any given time do not determine the location of the unchanging Earth-fixed cells (26). The great advantage provided by using cells having boundaries that are fixed to an Earth-fixed grid (20) is realized when a subscriber being served by one satellite must switch to another beam in the same satellite or to a second satellite because the first is moving out of range below the local horizon. With satellite-fixed cells, this "hand-off" involves the assignment to the terminal of a new communication channel within the new beam or new satellite. This assignment process takes time and consumes processing capacity at both the terminal and the satellite. It is also subject to blocking, call interruption, and call dropping if there is not an idle communication channel in the next serving beam or satellite. The Earth-fixed cell method avoids these problems by allocating communication channels (frequency, code, and/or time slot) on an Earth-fixed cell basis rather than on a satellite-fixed cell basis. Regardless of which satellite/beam is currently serving a particular cell, the terminal maintains the same channel assignment, thus ameliorating the "hand-off" problem.

公开(公告)号：US20120254272A1

公开(公告)日：2012-10-04

申请号：US13441501

申请日：2012-04-06

申请人： Mark Alan Sturza ,  Donald Leimer

发明人： Mark Alan Sturza ,  Donald Leimer

IPC分类号： G06F17/17

CPC分类号： H03H17/0279 ,  H03H17/0277 ,  H03H17/0664

摘要： A method is provided for decimating a digital signal by a factor of M and matching it to a desired channel bandwidth. The method applies the digital signal input samples to a (M−1) stage tapped delay line, downsamples the input samples and the output samples of each tapped delay line stage by a factor of M, and applies each of the M downsampled sample value streams to M allpass IIR filters, respectively. The M allpass IIR filtered sample streams are then summed and scaled by a factor of 1/M. The result can then be filtered by a digital channel filter.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于将数字信号抽取为因子M并将其与所需信道带宽匹配的方法。 该方法将数字信号输入采样应用于（M-1）级抽头延迟线，将每个抽头延迟线级的输入采样和输出采样下降一个因子M，并将每个M下采样的采样值流 到M allpass IIR滤波器。 然后将M allpass IIR滤波后的样本流相加并按比例乘以1 / M。 然后可以通过数字通道滤波器对结果进行滤波。

公开(公告)号：US20110066857A1

公开(公告)日：2011-03-17

申请号：US12803842

申请日：2010-07-06

申请人： David K. Probst ,  Mark Alan Sturza

发明人： David K. Probst ,  Mark Alan Sturza

IPC分类号： H04L9/32

CPC分类号： H04N21/63345 ,  H04N7/1675 ,  H04N21/2347 ,  H04N21/23473 ,  H04N21/25808 ,  H04N21/26613 ,  H04N21/4405 ,  H04N21/8456

摘要： Methods and apparatus for the secure and copy-proof distribution of digital content are disclosed. In a preferred embodiment of the invention cryptographic primitives (encryption algorithms, message-authentication codes, hash functions, random-number generators, etc.) are used in a novel security protocol. The invention may be utilized to protect a first-run movie that has been digitized in accordance with one of the current or forthcoming MPEG standards (e.g., MPEG-7). Content receivers or users first register their boxes. This registration information is stored in a secure database. When a subscriber registers, he then receives a box (interface to his player) that has been initialized to contain a number of tamper-proof secrets that are shared between the station and that particular box. The station stores an encrypted version of the digital content. This encrypted version ultimately arrives at some unprotected storage medium local to the player. Upon demand, the station delivers to the box the use-once computational ability to decrypt the content and display it on the player or terminal.

摘要翻译： 公开了数字内容的安全和防拷贝分发的方法和装置。 在本发明的优选实施例中，在新的安全协议中使用密码原语（加密算法，消息认证码，散列函数，随机数生成器等）。 本发明可以用于保护根据当前或即将到来的MPEG标准之一（例如，MPEG-7）已被数字化的第一游戏。 内容接收者或用户首先注册他们的盒子。 该注册信息存储在安全数据库中。 当用户注册时，他然后接收一个已被初始化为包含在该站和该特定框之间共享的多个防篡改秘密的框（他的播放器的接口）。 该台存储数字内容的加密版本。 该加密版本最终到达播放器本地的一些无保护的存储介质。 根据需要，该站向盒子传送一次使用一次的计算能力来解密内容并将其显示在播放器或终端上。