Process for surface modification of polymer articles
    2.
    发明授权
    Process for surface modification of polymer articles 失效
    聚合物制品的表面改性方法

    公开(公告)号:US4919972A

    公开(公告)日:1990-04-24

    申请号:US225448

    申请日:1988-07-28

    摘要: A composition and process for modifying the surface region of a polymer article. The composition is a mixture of a resin surface modifier ingredient, a resin-swellable organic solvent and a surfactant additive. The composition is contacted with the surface of a resin article, while the article is immersed in a liquid which may also contain a surfactant which is non-aggressive toward the article and immiscible with the solvent. The surfactant alters the wetting characteristics of the air-liquid, or liquid-surface modifier interfaces, or both interfaces, so that a film of the modifier ingredient does not form on the surface of the liquid layer.

    摘要翻译: 用于改性聚合物制品的表面区域的组合物和方法。 该组合物是树脂表面改性剂成分,树脂溶胀性有机溶剂和表面活性剂添加剂的混合物。 将组合物与树脂制品的表面接触,同时将制品浸入液体中,该液体还可含有对制品非腐蚀性且与溶剂不混溶的表面活性剂。 表面活性剂改变了空气 - 液体或液体表面改性剂界面或两个界面的润湿特性,使得在液体层的表面上不形成改性剂成分的膜。

    METHOD FOR ASSAYING HYDROCARBONS
    3.
    发明申请
    METHOD FOR ASSAYING HYDROCARBONS 有权
    测定油料的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20130277551A1

    公开(公告)日:2013-10-24

    申请号:US13978331

    申请日:2012-01-03

    IPC分类号: G01N33/28

    摘要: A method for determining the amount of hydrocarbons in a composition including hydrocarbons and water, includes: adding a chemical agent to the composition in order to form an emulsion of water and hydrocarbons; taking a sample of the emulsion and dissolving this sample in a common solvent for water and hydrocarbons in order to form a solution; measuring the amount of hydrocarbons in the solution. An installation suitable for implementing this method is also provided.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于测定包括烃和水在内的组合物中的烃的量的方法包括:向组合物中加入化学试剂以形成水和烃的乳液; 取该乳液样品并将该样品溶解在用于水和烃的常用溶剂中以形成溶液; 测量溶液中碳氢化合物的量。 还提供了适用于实现该方法的安装。

    Electrochromic element, materials for use in such element, processes for
making such element and such materials and use of such element in an
electrochromic glass device
    6.
    发明授权
    Electrochromic element, materials for use in such element, processes for making such element and such materials and use of such element in an electrochromic glass device 失效
    电致变色元件,用于这种元件的材料,制造这种元件和这种材料的方法以及这种元件在电致变色玻璃器件中的应用

    公开(公告)号:US5274493A

    公开(公告)日:1993-12-28

    申请号:US809497

    申请日:1992-03-12

    IPC分类号: G02F1/15 G02F1/01 G02B5/23

    CPC分类号: G02F1/1525 G02F1/1523

    摘要: An electrochromic element useful in an electrochromic glass or mirror device and a process for making such element. The element is a five-layered structure including an electrolyte ion conducting layer interposed between first and second inorganic electrochromic layers which are interposed between a pair of conductive electrodes. The second inorganic electrochromic layer is amorphous. The first and second inorganic electrochromic layers are different and are capable of exhibiting color-forming properties complementary to one another upon the incorporation of at least one H, Li, Na, K, Ag, Cu or Tl ion. The electrolyte ion conducting layer may be a copolymer of ethylene oxide, butylene oxide or methyl glycidyl ether, and optionally a small amount of allyl glycidyl ether, along with an ionizable salt, or may be a polyurethane gel formed by reacting the copolymer with triisocyanate, along with an ionizable salt. The second inorganic electrochromic layer comprises a transition element chalconide or halide which exhibits a color change when shifting between the +2 and +3 valence states or between the +3 and +4 valence states. The second inorganic electrochromic layer may be produced by an electrochemical process, a chemical process, a physical process or by a solid state process. The electrochromic element may also comprise a plurality of five-layer structures in tandem, each pair separated by a substrate. The electrochromic element of the invention is also useful as a supercapacitor.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / US90 / 03873 Sec。 371日期:1992年3月12日 102(e)1992年3月12日PCT PCT 1990年7月13日PCT公布。 出版物WO91 / 01510 日期1991年2月7日。用于电致变色玻璃或反射镜装置的电致变色元件和制造这种元件的方法。 该元件是包括插入在一对导电电极之间的介于第一和第二无机电致变色层之间的电解质离子传导层的五层结构。 第二无机电致变色层是无定形的。 第一和第二无机电致变色层是不同的,并且能够在引入至少一种H,Li,Na,K,Ag,Cu或Tl离子时表现出彼此互补的成色性质。 电解质离子传导层可以是环氧乙烷,环氧丁烷或甲基缩水甘油醚和任选的少量烯丙基缩水甘油醚与可电离盐的共聚物,或者可以是通过使共聚物与三异氰酸酯反应形成的聚氨酯凝胶, 以及可电离的盐。 第二无机电致变色层包括在+2和+3价态之间或在+3和+4价态之间变化时显示出颜色变化的过渡元素查洛酮或卤化物。 第二无机电致变色层可以通过电化学过程,化学过程,物理过程或固态过程来制备。 电致变色元件还可以包括串联的多个五层结构,每对由衬底隔开。 本发明的电致变色元件也可用作超级电容器。

    ALKYLARYL SULPHONATE COMPOSITIONS AND USE THEREOF FOR THE ENHANCED RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBONS
    8.
    发明申请
    ALKYLARYL SULPHONATE COMPOSITIONS AND USE THEREOF FOR THE ENHANCED RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBONS 审中-公开
    ALKYLARYL磺酸盐组合物及其用于提高油气回收率的应用

    公开(公告)号:US20140041875A1

    公开(公告)日:2014-02-13

    申请号:US14112118

    申请日:2012-04-13

    IPC分类号: C09K8/584 E21B43/16

    摘要: A surfactant composition includes an alkaryl sulphonate compound (a) and an alkaryl sulphonate compound (b). The difference between the optimum salinity of compound (a) and the optimum salinity of compound (b) is greater than or equal to 3 g/L. The surfactant composition can easily be adapted to various operating conditions, and in particular to various conditions of salinity, in order to provide optimum enhanced oil recovery.

    摘要翻译: 表面活性剂组合物包括烷芳基磺酸盐化合物(a)和烷芳基磺酸盐化合物(b)。 化合物(a)的最佳盐度与化合物(b)的最佳盐度之间的差值大于或等于3g / L。 表面活性剂组合物可以容易地适应于各种操作条件,特别是适用于各种盐度条件,以便提供最佳的提高的油回收率。