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1.发明授权Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers and polyurea elastomers made using low unsaturation level polyols prepared with double metal cyanide catalysts 失效使用由双金属氰化物催化剂制备的低不饱和度多元醇制备的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体和聚脲弹性体
公开(公告)号：US5185420A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-09
申请号：US852430
申请日：1992-03-16
CPC分类号： C08G18/10 , C08G18/4866 , C08G18/667 , C08G65/2663 , C08G2120/00
摘要： This invention relates to a method of fabricating a thermoplastic elastomer which comprises the steps of: (a) fabricating a polyol having a molecular weight of between about 2,000 and about 8,000 and having a level of end group unsaturation of no greater than 0.02 milliequivalents per gram of polyol, said polyol being fabricated in the presence of a double metal cyanide catalyst, (b) reacting said polyol with a diisocyanate to produce an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer, and (c) reacting said isocyanate-terminated prepolymer with a difunctional isocyanato-reactive chain extender in a mold or in an extruder in order to produce an elastomer characterized by a hardness of between a Shore A hardness of about 50 and a Shore D hardness of about 65. Also claimed is the elastomer produced by the above method utilizing a one-shot technique.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种制造热塑性弹性体的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：（a）制备分子量为约2,000至约8,000的端基组不饱和度不超过0.02毫克/克的多元醇 所述多元醇在双金属氰化物催化剂的存在下制备，（b）使所述多元醇与二异氰酸酯反应以产生异氰酸酯封端的预聚物，和（c）使所述异氰酸酯封端的预聚物与双官能异氰酸酯基反应性 扩链剂在模具中或在挤出机中以生产特征为硬度为约50的肖氏A硬度和约65的肖氏D硬度之间的硬度的弹性体。还要求保护的是通过上述方法制备的弹性体使用一种 -shot技术。
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公开(公告)号：US3993610A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-23
申请号：US565490
申请日：1975-04-07
CPC分类号： C08G18/773 , C07C263/16 , C08G18/165 , C08G18/2063 , C08G18/244 , C08G18/4829 , C08G2101/0008 , C08G2101/005 , C08G2101/0083
摘要： Selected chlorine-containing methylene-bridged diaryl diisocyanates are used in the production of polyurethane foam.
摘要翻译： 选择的含氯亚甲基桥联二芳基二异氰酸酯用于生产聚氨酯泡沫。
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3.发明授权Preparation of elastomers using high molecular weight polyols or polyamines, said polyols prepared using a double metal cyanide complex catalyst 失效使用高分子量聚合物或聚氨酯制备弹性体，使用双金属氰化物复合催化剂制备的合成多元醇
公开(公告)号：US5100997A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-31
申请号：US530040
申请日：1990-05-29
申请人： John W. Reisch , Maurice C. Raes
发明人： John W. Reisch , Maurice C. Raes
CPC分类号： C08G18/4829 , C08G18/4866 , C08G18/5024 , C08G18/6674 , C08G18/6685 , C08G65/2663 , C08G2120/00 , C08G2150/50
摘要： The present invention relates to a process for preparing polyurethane/polyurea or polyurea elastomers by spray processing or reaction injection molding a reaction mixture comprising an A-side and a B-side, wherein said A-side comprises a polyisocyanate or an isocyanato-terminated polyurethane prepolymer and wherein said B-side comprises a polyol or polyamine plus a chain extender, in order to form a polyurethane/polyurea or polyurea elastomer, said polyol having an equivalent of between about 1,000 and about 20,000, a preferred molecular weight of between about 5,000 and about 30,000 and an end group unsaturation level of no greater than 0.06 milliequivalents per gram of polyol, said polyol being prepared using a double metal cyanide complex catalyst, said polyamine being fabricated by amine-capping said polyol with an amine-containing compound, said chain extender being selected from the group consisting of diol and aromatic diamine chain extenders with the proviso that said B-side contain at least some amount of said polyamine or of said aromatic diamine chain extender.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过喷雾处理或反应注射成型包含A侧和B侧的反应混合物来制备聚氨酯/聚脲或聚脲弹性体的方法，其中所述A侧包含多异氰酸酯或异氰酸酯基封端的聚氨酯 预聚物，并且其中所述B侧包含多元醇或多胺加上扩链剂，以便形成聚氨酯/聚脲或聚脲弹性体，所述多元醇的当量为约1,000至约20,000，优选的分子量为约5,000 约30,000，端基不饱和度不超过0.06毫克/克多元醇，所述多元醇使用双金属氰化物配合物催化剂制备，所述多胺通过用含胺化合物胺封端所述多元醇制备，所述多胺 扩链剂选自二醇和芳族二胺扩链剂，条件是所述B侧共聚物 存在至少一定量的所述多胺或所述芳族二胺扩链剂。
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公开(公告)号：US4105686A
公开(公告)日：1978-08-08
申请号：US806806
申请日：1977-06-15
申请人： Maurice C. Raes , Pierrepont Adams
发明人： Maurice C. Raes , Pierrepont Adams
IPC分类号： C07C265/12 , C07C119/048
CPC分类号： C07C263/18
摘要： A selective process wherein toluene diisocyanate distillation residue is converted from a viscous liquid into an inert, granular solid by treatment with an organic acid.This invention relates to the treatment and processing of the distillation residue which is obtained in the production of toluene diisocyanate. More particularly, the invention relates to a process for converting this residue into an inert, non-toxic and easy-to-handle granular solid.Toluene diisocyanate is produced on a large commercial scale by a process which comprises reacting toluene diamine with excess phosgene usually in the presence of an organic solvent medium. An illustrative process is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,287,387. Along with toluene diisocyanate, the phosgenation product mixture usually comprises unreacted phosgene, solvent, hydrogen chloride by-product, and a relatively substantial proportion of side reaction products in the form of residual and high-boiling materials.Recovery of a substantial or major proportion of toluene diisocyanate from this mixture is achieved by distillation which is usually effected in two or more steps to enable removal of the low-boiling components, e.g., the phosgene and solvent, first before recovering the toluene diisocyanate. The remaining residue from distillation is a viscous, fuming mixture which is difficult to transport or process. Thus on being pumped out for underground burial or incineration, it gets thicker and thicker presumably as a result of further polymerization. As such, it eventually plugs up the lines making if difficult, if not impossible, to continue the pumping operation. Additionally, because of the toxic fumes emanating therefrom, this residue poses an environmental problem. Thus in processing it to underground burial, or incineration, or chemical treatment, special and costly steps must be taken to avoid polluting the atmosphere.In co-pending U.S. application Ser. No. 780,562, filed on Mar. 23, 1977 by J. R. Cassata, it is taught that the toluene diisocyanate distillation residue can be converted to a non-toxic granular solid by treatment with certain aqueous bases at mildly elevated temperatures, i.e., 60.degree.-150.degree. F. Further in the prior art dealing with toluene diisocyanate distillation residues, U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,128,310 and 3,331,876 disclose the concept of hydrolyzing such residues, at elevated temperatures, i.e., 150.degree. C or higher, and in the presence of caustic, thereby converting such residues to toluene diamine.U.S. Pat. No. 3,799,963 discloses a process for reducing the acidity and hydrolyzable chloride content of toluene diisocyanate by heating it in the presence of formic acid. Furthermore, according to U.S. Pat. No. 3,350,438, biuret polyisocyanates can be prepared by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with formic acid; and Canadian Pat. No. 751,927 discloses the use of carboxylic acids having at least two carbon atoms to remove metallic or basic impurities from organic diiocyanates.Now a new process has been found for deactivating the distillation residue which is obtained in the production of toluene diisocyanate. In accordance with the invention, this process comprises heating the residue in the presence of an organic acid. The result of this treatment is to transform the residue from a viscous, fuming material into a non-toxic, inert, granular solid which can then be easily disposed of or processed in open air without creating a toxic hazard or polluting the atmosphere.More in detail, the process of the inventin can be carried out batch-wise or in a continuous basis. Generally continuous operation is preferred as it is more readily adapted to commercial practice in connection with the continuous production of toluene diisocyanate.The process applies to the treatment of any residue which results from the distillation of the product of phosgenating toluene diamine. As commonly used in the commercial production of toluene diisocyanate, the toluene diamine is typically made up of a mixture of 2,4- and 2,6-isomers and may in addition contain traces of ortho-toluene diamine. The distillation residue is usually a dark, viscous liquid which is substantially free of solvent. Along with varying amounts of phosgene, by-product hydrochloric acid, and a residual content, up to about 60% by weight of toluene diisocyanate, it usually contains a substantial amount, e.g., 25-70% by weight, of high boiling and tarry by-products of the phosgenation reaction.The organic acid which is used in practicing the process of the invention can be any such material which is effective in rendering the residue non-toxic. Commonly available such acids which can be used include the monocarboxylic acids generally represented by the formula RCOOH, wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl group. Usually, the latter contains from 1 to 8 and preferably 1-3 carbon atoms. Thus illustrative acids encompassed by this formula include formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, and higher carbon content monocarboxylic acids.In addition, di- and tri-functional carboxylic acids may be employed in practicing the process of the invention. Among these, oxalic acid and citric acid are especially preferred due to their ready availability and relatively low cost. By the same token, especially preferred monocarboxylic acids as represented by the above-indicated formula are those in which R is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, inasmuch as such acids are of relatively low cost. Thus as a group the acids which can be used to economic advantage are formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, oxalic acid, and citric acid. Formic and acetic acid are most preferred.The acid may be used as such, i.e., in pure or full-concentration, or it may be diluted with a suitable, solvent, the latter being an organic solvent or water.The proportion of the acid which is used per unit weight of the residue varies widely depending on such factors as the particular make-up of the residue, the temperature of the residue-acid mixture, the speed of reaction required, and so on. Thus any suitable proportion may be used which is effective, when mixed with the residue at a temperature as specified hereinbelow, in transforming the residue from a toxic liquid to an inert or non-toxic solid. Illustratively, the proportion of acid may range generally from about 0.05 to about 50 parts per every 100 parts by weight of the residue. Usually, however, a relatively small amount is adequate to achieve the objectives of the invention. Accordingly, for reasons of economy, it is preferable to employ from about 0.1 to about 10, and more preferably about 0.15-5, parts of the acid per every 100 parts by weight of the residue.In practicing the process of the invention the deactivation of the residue is carried out at elevated temperatures. While any such temperature may be used which is effective in achieving this objective, usually such temperature ranges from about 120.degree. to about 200.degree. C. The reason is that using temperatures outside this range may result in premature, partial solidification of the residue before it has completely deactivated. For instance, large chunks may be obtained which would still have a liquid, toxic core. The use of a temperature within the above-indicated range is of further advantage in two respects. First, it is conducive to a relatively fast reaction between the residue and the acid. Secondly, at a temperature of about 120.degree.-200.degree. C, the residue, though viscous, is still substantially liquid and thus easier to mix and react with the acid.To achieve a temperature within the above-indicated range, it may be necessary to heat the residue-acid mixture. However, heating may not be necessary where the residue is already hot enough as may be the case when it is immediately obtained from the distillation still and treated in accordance with the invention.In accordance with the preferred embodiments, the process described herein is carried out at a temperature well within the above-specified range, such as about 130.degree.-175.degree. C and more preferably about 140.degree.-165.degree. C.The process of the invention may be practiced using any suitable type of reaction zone or vessel which is equipped with an agitator, for adequately mixing the residue with the acid, and with heat transfer means for maintaining the mixture within the above-indicated range. Preferably, the reaction vessel should also be equipped with conventional means for capturing and removing toxic gases, e.g., phosgene, hydrogen chloride and possibly carbon monoxide, which are liberated during the residue deactivation reaction. Such gases may then be processed through appropriate equipment, such as a water scrubber, to avoid atmospheric pollution.Any convenient order of bringing together the residue and the aqueous acid may be employed. For example, either material may be added to the other, or both materials may be simultaneously charged to the reactor. Transformation of the residue from a dark, viscous liquid to a granular solid takes place fairly rapidly, i.e., usually within a few minutes, after it is mixed with the acid.The solid material which results is usually granular, or friable, and non-toxic. As such it can be processed in open-air without any danger of polluting the atmosphere or creating a toxic hazard.The following examples are provided to illustrate the invention. The toluene diisocyanate distillation residue which is referred to and used throughout the examples was obtained by a conventional method, as described for example in U.S. Pat. No. 3,287,387 to Denton et al, for the commercial production of toluene diisocyanate. More specifically, this method involves (a) reacting, at about 125.degree. C, excess phosgene with a solution of toluene diamine (mixture of 2,4- and 2,6-isomers) in monochlorobenzene solvent, (b) removing the monochlorobenzene, and most of the unreacted phosgene and by-product HCl from the phosgenation product, and (c) further distilling the remaining product to recover overhead pure toluene diisocyanate. The residue from this distillation, which contains about 30% by weight of residual toluene diisocyanate, is used in the examples.Further in the examples, all parts and percentages are by weight unless otherwise specified.
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5.发明授权Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers and polyurea elastomers made using low unsaturation level polyols prepared with double metal cyanide catalysts 失效使用由双金属氰化物催化剂制备的低不饱和度多元醇制备的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体和聚脲弹性体
公开(公告)号：US5096993A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-17
申请号：US608517
申请日：1990-11-02
CPC分类号： C08G65/2663 , C08G18/10 , C08G18/4866 , C08G18/667 , C08G2120/00
摘要： This invention relates to a method of fabricating a thermoplastic elastomer which comprises the steps of: (a) fabricating a polyol having a molecular weight of between about 2,000 and about 20,000 and having a level of end group unsaturation of no greater than 0.04 milliequivalents per gram of polyol, said polyol being fabricated in the presence of a double metal cyanide catalyst, (b) reacting said polyol with a diisocyanate to produce an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer, and (c) reacting said isocyanate-terminated prepolymer with a difunctional isocyanato-reactive chain extender in a mold or in an extruder in order to produce a soft elastomer characterized by a Shore A hardness of between about 10 and about 70. Also claimed is the elastomer produced by the above method utilizing a one-shot technique.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种制造热塑性弹性体的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：（a）制备分子量为约2,000至约20,000的多元醇，其端基不饱和度不超过0.04毫克/克 所述多元醇在双金属氰化物催化剂的存在下制备，（b）使所述多元醇与二异氰酸酯反应以产生异氰酸酯封端的预聚物，和（c）使所述异氰酸酯封端的预聚物与双官能异氰酸酯基反应性 扩链剂在模具中或在挤出机中，以便制备软质弹性体，其特征在于肖氏A硬度在约10至约70之间。还要求保护的是通过上述方法利用单次喷射技术制备的弹性体。
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6.发明授权Preparation of a stable dispersion from TDI residue and its use in the production of polyurethane compositions 失效从TDI残留物制备稳定的分散体及其在生产聚氨酯组合物中的应用
公开(公告)号：US4506040A
公开(公告)日：1985-03-19
申请号：US518880
申请日：1983-08-01
申请人： Maurice C. Raes , Oliver J. Proulx
发明人： Maurice C. Raes , Oliver J. Proulx
CPC分类号： C08G18/409 , C08G18/0871 , C08G18/727
摘要： A stable dispersion is prepared by first forming a dispersion of a polymer derived from TDI residue in an organic solvent, adding a high molecular weight polyol and then removing the solvent to produce a dispersion of the polymer in the high molecular weight polyol. In forming the dispersion in the solvent, TDI residue is reacted with an active hydrogen containing compound selected from the group consisting of an amine compound, a short-chain polyol and mixtures thereof. The stable dispersion is used in preparing a wide variety of polyurethane products, such as foams and elastomers.
摘要翻译： 通过首先在有机溶剂中形成衍生自TDI残基的聚合物的分散体，加入高分子量多元醇，然后除去溶剂以产生聚合物在高分子量多元醇中的分散体来制备稳定的分散体。 在形成溶剂中的分散体时，TDI残基与选自胺化合物，短链多元醇及其混合物的活性氢化合物反应。 稳定的分散体用于制备各种聚氨酯产品，如泡沫和弹性体。
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7.发明授权Process for preparing a stable dispersion of a polymer in a polyol and its use in the production of high resilience polyurethane foam 失效制备聚合物在多元醇中的稳定分散体的方法及其在高回弹性聚氨酯泡沫塑料生产中的应用
公开(公告)号：US4497913A
公开(公告)日：1985-02-05
申请号：US499651
申请日：1983-05-31
CPC分类号： C08G18/409 , C08G18/0876 , C08G18/6674 , Y10S521/904
摘要： A stable dispersion of a polymer in a polyol is prepared by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a short-chain polyol in a high molecular weight polyol containing a relatively high primary hydroxyl group content, the ratio of the content of primary hydroxyl groups in the short-chain polyol to that in the high molecular weight polyol being at least a critical lower limit of about 3.5. The reaction is further carried out in the presence of a small proportion of water to achieve a reduction in the viscosity of the resulting dispersion. The dispersion is used in preparing high resilience polyurethane foam having desirable physical properties and which is of utility in a wide variety of cushioning applications.
摘要翻译： 聚合物在多元醇中的稳定分散体是通过使有机多异氰酸酯与短链多元醇在含有相对较高的伯羟基含量的高分子量多元醇中反应制备的，短链多元醇在短链多元醇中的伯羟基含量的比例， 链多元醇与高分子量多元醇中的至少约3.5的临界下限。 反应进一步在少量水存在下进行，以达到所得分散体的粘度降低。 分散体用于制备具有所需物理性能的高弹性聚氨酯泡沫，并且其可用于各种缓冲应用中。
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