公开(公告)号：US5942084A

公开(公告)日：1999-08-24

申请号：US788187

申请日：1997-01-24

Applicant: Rokhsareh Thompson ,  Michael Paleologou ,  Richard McKinnon Berry ,  Craig J. Brown ,  Michael Sheedy

Inventor： Rokhsareh Thompson ,  Michael Paleologou ,  Richard McKinnon Berry ,  Craig J. Brown ,  Michael Sheedy

IPC: B01J43/00 ,  D21C11/00 ,  D21C11/04

CPC classification number: D21C11/005 ,  B01J43/00 ,  D21C11/04 ,  Y10S210/928

Abstract: A process using an amphoteric ion-exchange resin, also known as a "snake-cage polyelectrolyte" resin separates kraft white liquor into sulphide-rich and caustic-rich components. The sulphide-rich component can be used in the initial stage of pulping, pretreatment of wood chips prior to pulping, or it can be used to make polysulphide-rich liquor. The caustic-rich component can be used in the final delignification phase, in place of sodium hydroxide or white liquor in oxygen delignification, pH adjustment and flue gas scrubbing. The same system can be used to separate green and polysulphide liquors into sulphide-rich and sulphide-poor components, and to remove sulphide from other mill caustic streams contaminated with sulphide.

Abstract translation: 使用两性离子交换树脂（也称为“蛇笼式聚电解质”）树脂的方法将硫酸盐白液分离成富含硫的富碱组分。 富硫化物组分可用于制浆的初始阶段，在制浆前预处理木屑，或者可用于制备富含多硫化物的液体。 富含苛性碱的组分可用于最终脱木质阶段，代替氢脱氧木质素，pH调节和烟道气洗涤中的氢氧化钠或白液。 可以使用相同的系统将绿色和多硫化物液体分离成富含硫化物和硫化物的组分，并从硫化物污染的其他磨碎的苛性碱流中除去硫化物。

公开(公告)号：US5567293A

公开(公告)日：1996-10-22

申请号：US362200

申请日：1994-12-22

Applicant: Michael Paleologou ,  Richard M. Berry ,  Rokhsareh Thompson ,  James T. Wearing

Inventor： Michael Paleologou ,  Richard M. Berry ,  Rokhsareh Thompson ,  James T. Wearing

IPC: B01D61/44 ,  D21C11/06

CPC classification number: B01D61/44 ,  B01D61/445 ,  D21C11/066

Abstract: A process for the recovery of alkali metal hydroxide and acid from the alkali metal salts of monovalent anions which are mixed with the alkali metal salts of multivalent anions employs a water-splitting system composed of bipolar membranes in conjunction with ion-selective membranes; a two-compartment cell employs monovalent anion-selective membranes to define salt/base and acid compartments with the bipolar membranes, and a three-compartment cell employs, monovalent anion-selective and cation-selective membranes to define with the bipolar membranes, acid, salt and base compartments; the process has particular applicability to the conversion of the sodium/potassium chloride portion of the Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) Catch of the recovery boiler of coastal and/or closed-cycle kraft pulp mills, a mixture of mostly sodium/potassium sulphate and chloride, into sodium/potassium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid; the remaining sodium/potassium sulphate solution, depleted in chloride, can thus be used as sodium/sulphur make-up to the recovery cycle or converted to sulphuric acid and sodium/potassium hydroxide; a simpler version of the process, can be employed for the electrodialytic separation of ESP catch into its component sodium chloride and sodium sulphate; when a three-compartment water-splitting or electrodialysis system is used, potassium ions are preferentially removed from the feed compartment, over sodium, thus removing this undesirable non-process element from the alkali metal sulphate portion which is returned to the recovery cycle; there is also described approaches through which a partially or totally effluent free (TEF) kraft pulp mill can be achieved in terms of the elements sodium, sulphur and chlorine.

Abstract translation: 与多价阴离子的碱金属盐混合的一价阴离子的碱金属盐回收碱金属氢氧化物和酸的方法采用由双极性膜结合离子选择性膜组成的水分解系统; 双隔室电池采用单价阴离子选择膜来界定与双极膜的盐/碱和酸隔室，并且三室电池采用单价阴离子选择性和阳离子选择性膜，以双极膜，酸， 盐和隔间; 该方法特别适用于沿海和/或封闭循环牛皮纸浆厂的回收锅炉的静电除尘器（ESP）捕获剂的钠/氯化钾部分的转化，其主要是硫酸钠/硫酸钾和氯化钾， 加入氢氧化钠/氢氧化钾和盐酸; 因此，剩余的氯化钠/硫酸钾溶液可用作钠/硫补充回收循环或转化为硫酸和氢氧化钠/氢氧化钾; 该方法的一个更简单的版本，可以用于电渗析分离成其组分氯化钠和硫酸钠的ESP捕获; 当使用三室水分解或电渗析系统时，钾离子优先从进料室除去钠，从而从返回到回收循环的碱金属硫酸盐部分除去这种不需要的非工艺元素; 还描述了可以通过元素钠，硫和氯来实现部分或全部不含流出物（TEF）牛皮纸浆厂的方法。

公开(公告)号：US5968326A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-19

申请号：US56714

申请日：1998-04-08

Applicant: Arthur Yelon ,  Michael Paleologou ,  Dentcho Ivanov ,  Ricardo Izquierdo ,  Michel Meunier

Inventor： Arthur Yelon ,  Michael Paleologou ,  Dentcho Ivanov ,  Ricardo Izquierdo ,  Michel Meunier

IPC: B01D61/44 ,  B01D61/52 ,  B01D71/00 ,  B01D71/02 ,  C08J5/22 ,  C25B13/04 ,  G01N27/28 ,  G01N27/403 ,  C25B13/00

CPC classification number: B01D61/445 ,  B01D61/52 ,  B01D67/0072 ,  B01D71/00 ,  B01D71/02 ,  B01D71/024 ,  C08J5/2281 ,  C25B13/04 ,  B01D2325/26 ,  C08J2327/18

Abstract: A composite membrane is disclosed fabricated by depositing an inorganic ion-conducting thin film on a cation-selective organic polymer membrane substrate using Pulse Laser Deposition (PLD) or reactive magnetron sputtering. The fabricated membrane combines the advantages of the polymeric membrane including flexibility and low electrical resistance, with the advantages of the inorganic membrane film including resistance to fouling, high selectivity for alkali metal ions over hydrogen ions and resistance to oxidizing chemicals; electromembrane systems and processes for example alkali metal sensing electrodes and other membrane-based electrochemical detectors, electrolytic and electrodialytic systems incorporate such membranes thus improving their performance in terms of current efficiency, salt to acid conversion ratio, reliable operation and membrane life.

Abstract translation: 公开了通过使用脉冲激光沉积（PLD）或反应性磁控溅射在阳离子选择性有机聚合物膜基底上沉积无机离子传导薄膜而制造的复合膜。 所制造的膜结合了聚合物膜的优点，包括柔性和低电阻，无机膜膜的优点包括耐污垢性，碱金属离子对氢离子的高选择性和耐氧化性; 电池系统和工艺，例如碱金属感测电极和其他基于膜的电化学检测器，电解和电渗析系统结合了这样的膜，从而在电流效率，盐酸转化率，可靠的操作和膜寿命方面提高了它们的性能。

公开(公告)号：US5792441A

公开(公告)日：1998-08-11

申请号：US729148

申请日：1996-10-11

Applicant: Michael Paleologou ,  Rokhsareh Thompson ,  Craig J. Brown ,  Michael Sheedy

Inventor： Michael Paleologou ,  Rokhsareh Thompson ,  Craig J. Brown ,  Michael Sheedy

IPC: B09B3/00 ,  B01J39/04 ,  C01B11/02 ,  C01B17/90 ,  C01D5/16 ,  C02F1/44 ,  D21C9/14 ,  C01D5/00

CPC classification number: C01B17/904 ,  C01B11/023 ,  C01D5/16 ,  Y10S423/14

Abstract: A process employing a fixed-resin bed Acid Retardation Unit (ARU) to separate spent acid from chlorine dioxide generators into a de-acidified sodium sulfate component and a purified sulfuric acid component. The de-acidified sodium sulfate produced is returned to the chemical recovery cycle of the kraft mill in place of acidic chlorine dioxide generator effluent thereby avoiding the destruction of alkalinity in pulp mill liquors. In addition, sulfuric acid is purified providing an opportunity for reuse in various mill applications, and/or concentrated and recycled to the generator. Alternatively, to avoid high evaporation costs, the purified acid can be used to regenerate a cation-exchange unit (CEU) used in the conversion of sodium chlorate to a sodium chlorate/chloric acid mixture which is fed to the generator in place of sodium chlorate and sulfuric acid. Using this approach, the sulfuric acid requirement of chlorine dioxide generators and, in turn, the amount of acidic generator effluent can be reduced. The process is applicable to both atmospheric and subatmospheric chlorine dioxide generators. In the latter case, the concentration of the purified sulfuric acid from the ARU or any other acid separation system can be increased by using a portion of it to dissolve the sodium sesquisulfate by-product from such generators.

Abstract translation: 一种使用固定树脂床酸延迟单元（ARU）将废酸从二氧化氯发生器分离成脱酸的硫酸钠组分和纯化的硫酸组分的方法。 所产生的脱酸硫酸钠返回到牛皮纸磨机的化学回收循环，代替酸性二氧化氯发生器流出物，从而避免纸浆厂液中碱度的破坏。 此外，纯化硫酸提供了在各种研磨应用中再利用的机会，和/或浓缩并再循环到发生器中。 或者，为了避免高的蒸发成本，可以使用纯化的酸来再生用于将氯酸钠转化成氯酸钠/氯酸混合物的阳离子交换单元（CEU），该氯酸钠/氯酸混合物被供给到发生器代替氯酸钠 和硫酸。 使用这种方法，可以减少二氧化氯发生器的硫酸需求，进而降低酸性发生器流出物的量。 该方法适用于大气和低气压的二氧化氯发生器。 在后一种情况下，来自ARU或任何其它酸分离系统的纯化硫酸的浓度可以通过使用其一部分来从这种发生器中溶解倍半硫酸钠副产物而增加。

公开(公告)号：US08709203B2

公开(公告)日：2014-04-29

申请号：US13388455

申请日：2010-07-28

Applicant: Naceur Jemaa ,  Michael Paleologou ,  Xiao Zhang

Inventor： Naceur Jemaa ,  Michael Paleologou ,  Xiao Zhang

IPC: D21C9/00 ,  D21C11/00 ,  B01D61/02 ,  C08B15/08 ,  C01B17/90

CPC classification number: D21C9/00 ,  B01D61/027 ,  C01B17/902 ,  C08B15/08 ,  D21C11/0007

Abstract: During nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) production, a considerable amount of sulphuric acid is used. After the separation of the NCC, the remaining solution contains sugars and residual sulphuric acid. The sugars are in the monomeric and oligomeric forms. To reduce the cost of NCC production and to produce other added-value products, the spent acid stream can be fractionated into sugar oligomers, sugar monomers, and acid. The acid can be recycled to the NCC manufacturing process after concentration. The sugar monomers and sugar oligomers can be used for the manufacturing of other valuable chemicals. Membrane nanofiltration can be used to achieve this objective. A polymeric membrane with a molecular weight cut-off in the range of 200 Dalton was employed. Using this approach, the majority of the acid was recovered in the permeate while the sugars were concentrated in a smaller stream. The sugar level in the separated acid/permeate stream was only about 3% of the original concentration. A second membrane filtration stage can be used to separate the monomeric from the oligomeric sugars. The two sugar streams can be employed in different applications to produce value-added products.

Abstract translation: 在纳米晶纤维素（NCC）生产过程中，使用了大量的硫酸。 在分离NCC后，剩余的溶液含有糖和残留的硫酸。 糖是单体和低聚物形式。 为了降低NCC生产成本和生产其他附加值产品，废酸流可以分馏成糖低聚物，糖单体和酸。 浓缩后，酸可以回收到NCC制造过程。 糖单体和糖低聚物可用于制造其他有价值的化学品。 膜纳米过滤可以用来达到这个目的。 使用分子量截止值在200道尔顿范围内的聚合物膜。 使用这种方法，大部分酸在渗透物中回收，而糖被浓缩在较小的流中。 分离的酸/渗透物流中的糖水平仅为原始浓度的约3％。 可以使用第二膜过滤阶段将单体与低聚糖分离。 这两种糖流可用于不同的应用，以产生增值产品。

公开(公告)号：US20120211184A1

公开(公告)日：2012-08-23

申请号：US13388455

申请日：2010-07-28

Applicant: Naceur Jemaa ,  Michael Paleologou ,  Xiao Zhang

Inventor： Naceur Jemaa ,  Michael Paleologou ,  Xiao Zhang

IPC: D21C9/00

CPC classification number: D21C9/00 ,  B01D61/027 ,  C01B17/902 ,  C08B15/08 ,  D21C11/0007

Abstract: During nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) production, a considerable amount of sulphuric acid is used. After the separation of the NCC, the remaining solution contains sugars and residual sulphuric acid. The sugars are in the monomeric and oligomeric forms. To reduce the cost of NCC production and to produce other added-value products, the spent acid stream can be fractionated into sugar oligomers, sugar monomers, and acid. The acid can be recycled to the NCC manufacturing process after concentration. The sugar monomers and sugar oligomers can be used for the manufacturing of other valuable chemicals. Membrane nanofiltration can be used to achieve this objective. A polymeric membrane with a molecular weight cut-off in the range of 200 Dalton was employed. Using this approach, the majority of the acid was recovered in the permeate while the sugars were concentrated in a smaller stream. The sugar level in the separated acid/permeate stream was only about 3% of the original concentration. A second membrane filtration stage can be used to separate the monomeric from the oligomeric sugars. The two sugar streams can be employed in different applications to produce value-added products.

Abstract translation: 在纳米晶纤维素（NCC）生产过程中，使用了大量的硫酸。 在分离NCC后，剩余的溶液含有糖和残留的硫酸。 糖是单体和低聚物形式。 为了降低NCC生产成本和生产其他附加值产品，废酸流可以分馏成糖低聚物，糖单体和酸。 浓缩后，酸可以回收到NCC制造过程。 糖单体和糖低聚物可用于制造其他有价值的化学品。 膜纳米过滤可以用来达到这个目的。 使用分子量截止值在200道尔顿范围内的聚合物膜。 使用这种方法，大部分酸在渗透物中回收，而糖被浓缩在较小的流中。 分离的酸/渗透物流中的糖含量仅为原始浓度的约3％。 可以使用第二膜过滤阶段将单体与低聚糖分离。 这两种糖流可用于不同的应用，以产生增值产品。

公开(公告)号：US20100122784A1

公开(公告)日：2010-05-20

申请号：US12452735

申请日：2008-07-24

Applicant: Naceur Jemaa ,  Michael Paleologou ,  Brian O'connor

Inventor： Naceur Jemaa ,  Michael Paleologou ,  Brian O'connor

IPC: D21C11/00

CPC classification number: B01D63/02 ,  B01D61/246 ,  B01D2311/13 ,  C02F1/20 ,  C02F2103/28 ,  C02F2301/063 ,  D21C11/00

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the treatment of pulp mill condensates is described. A hollow fiber contactor, incorporating a hydrophobic membrane, was used to remove several undesirable compounds from pulp mill condensates. For example, TRS compounds and SO2 were efficiently stripped from kraft and sulphite mill evaporator condensates, respectively. Methanol was also removed from kraft mill condensates but at a lower efficiency than TRS. Furthermore, other undesirable compounds found in condensates of pulp mills that contribute to the BOD and COD loading to effluent treatment systems were also removed. These contactors are cost effective since air, vacuum or a suitable solvent or scrubbing solution can be used as the stripping medium to drive off through the membrane several undesirable compounds from the feed solution. The undesirable compounds removed can thus be burned in the recovery boiler, lime kiln or a dedicated boiler.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于处理纸浆厂冷凝物的方法和设备。 使用掺入疏水膜的中空纤维接触器从纸浆厂冷凝物中除去若干不需要的化合物。 例如，TRS化合物和SO 2分别从硫酸盐和亚硫酸盐蒸发器冷凝物中有效地脱除。 甲醇也从牛皮纸浆冷凝物中除去，但效率低于TRS。 此外，在纸浆厂的冷凝物中发现的有助于污水处理系统的BOD和COD负载的其他不希望的化合物也被去除。 这些接触器具有成本效益，因为空气，真空或合适的溶剂或洗涤溶液可用作汽提介质以从进料溶液中排出几个不需要的化合物。 因此，除去的不需要的化合物可以在回收锅炉，石灰窑或专用锅炉中燃烧。

公开(公告)号：US08771464B2

公开(公告)日：2014-07-08

申请号：US13118666

申请日：2011-05-31

Applicant: Lamfeddal Kouisni ,  Michael Paleologou

Inventor： Lamfeddal Kouisni ,  Michael Paleologou

IPC: D21C11/00

CPC classification number: D21C11/0057 ,  C07G1/00 ,  C08H8/00 ,  D21C11/0007

Abstract: A method was developed for: a) improving the filterability of acid-precipitated lignin from kraft black liquors, b) increasing the dry solids content of the final lignin product, c) reducing the acid requirements and d) minimizing or eliminating TRS emissions during the acidification of black liquor to produce lignin and/or the subsequent suspension of the lignin in acid and/or the washing of the lignin with acid. No major difference in the chemical composition, MWD and main functional groups was found in the lignin of the present invention compared with lignins produced by conventional methods.

Abstract translation: 开发了一种方法，用于：a）提高硫酸盐黑液中酸沉淀木质素的过滤性，b）提高最终木质素产物的干固体含量，c）降低酸需求，以及d）最小化或消除 黑液的酸化以产生木质素和/或随后的木质素在酸中的悬浮和/或用酸洗涤木质素。 与通过常规方法生产的木质素相比，在本发明的木质素中没有发现化学组成，MWD和主要官能团的主要差异。

公开(公告)号：US08349130B2

公开(公告)日：2013-01-08

申请号：US12452735

申请日：2008-07-24

Applicant: Naceur Jemaa ,  Michael Paleologou ,  Brian O'Connor

Inventor： Naceur Jemaa ,  Michael Paleologou ,  Brian O'Connor

IPC: D21C11/00

CPC classification number: B01D63/02 ,  B01D61/246 ,  B01D2311/13 ,  C02F1/20 ,  C02F2103/28 ,  C02F2301/063 ,  D21C11/00

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the treatment of pulp mill condensates is described. A hollow fiber contactor, incorporating a hydrophobic membrane, was used to remove several undesirable compounds from pulp mill condensates. For example, TRS compounds and SO2 were efficiently stripped from kraft and sulphite mill evaporator condensates, respectively. Methanol was also removed from kraft mill condensates but at a lower efficiency than TRS. Furthermore, other undesirable compounds found in condensates of pulp mills that contribute to the BOD and COD loading to effluent treatment systems were also removed. These contactors are cost effective since air, vacuum or a suitable solvent or scrubbing solution can be used as the stripping medium to drive off through the membrane several undesirable compounds from the feed solution. The undesirable compounds removed can thus be burned in the recovery boiler, lime kiln or a dedicated boiler.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于处理纸浆厂冷凝物的方法和设备。 使用掺入疏水膜的中空纤维接触器从纸浆厂冷凝物中除去若干不需要的化合物。 例如，TRS化合物和SO 2分别从硫酸盐和亚硫酸盐蒸发器冷凝物中有效地脱除。 甲醇也从牛皮纸浆冷凝物中除去，但效率低于TRS。 此外，在纸浆厂的冷凝物中发现的有助于污水处理系统的BOD和COD负载的其他不希望的化合物也被去除。 这些接触器具有成本效益，因为空气，真空或合适的溶剂或洗涤溶液可用作汽提介质以从进料溶液中排出几个不需要的化合物。 因此，除去的不需要的化合物可以在回收锅炉，石灰窑或专用锅炉中燃烧。

公开(公告)号：US20110297340A1

公开(公告)日：2011-12-08

申请号：US13118666

申请日：2011-05-31

Applicant: Lamfeddal KOUISNI ,  Michael PALEOLOGOU

Inventor： Lamfeddal KOUISNI ,  Michael PALEOLOGOU

IPC: D21C11/00

CPC classification number: D21C11/0057 ,  C07G1/00 ,  C08H8/00 ,  D21C11/0007

Abstract: A method was developed for: a) improving the filterability of acid-precipitated lignin from kraft black liquors, b) increasing the dry solids content of the final lignin product, c) reducing the acid requirements and d) minimizing or eliminating TRS emissions during the acidification of black liquor to produce lignin and/or the subsequent suspension of the lignin in acid and/or the washing of the lignin with acid. No major difference in the chemical composition, MWD and main functional groups was found in the lignin of the present invention compared with lignins produced by conventional methods.

Abstract translation: 开发了一种方法，用于：a）提高硫酸盐黑液中酸沉淀木质素的过滤性，b）提高最终木质素产物的干固体含量，c）降低酸需求，以及d）最小化或消除 黑液的酸化以产生木质素和/或随后的木质素在酸中的悬浮和/或用酸洗涤木质素。 与通过常规方法生产的木质素相比，在本发明的木质素中没有发现化学组成，MWD和主要官能团的主要差异。