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    Signal processing apparatus and method
    4.
    发明申请
    Signal processing apparatus and method 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20060200016A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-09-07

    申请号：US11417858

    申请日：2006-05-03

    Applicant: Mohamed Diab ,  Rex McCarthy

    Inventor： Mohamed Diab ,  Rex McCarthy

    IPC: A61B5/00

    CPC classification number: A61B5/7257 ,  A61B5/0205 ,  A61B5/02416 ,  A61B5/02433 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/14551 ,  A61B5/14552 ,  A61B5/6826 ,  A61B5/7203 ,  A61B5/7214 ,  A61B5/7225 ,  A61B5/726 ,  A61B5/7278 ,  A61B5/742 ,  G06K9/0051

    Abstract: A method and an apparatus to analyze two measured signals that are modeled as containing desired and undesired portions such as noise, FM and AM modulation. Coefficients relate the two signals according to a model defined in accordance with the present invention. In one embodiment, a transformation is used to evaluate a ratio of the two measured signals in order to find appropriate coefficients. The measured signals are then fed into a signal scrubber which uses the coefficients to remove the unwanted portions. The signal scrubbing is performed in either the time domain or in the frequency domain. The method and apparatus are particularly advantageous to blood oximetry and pulserate measurements. In another embodiment, an estimate of the pulserate is obtained by applying a set of rules to a spectral transform of the scrubbed signal. In another embodiment, an estimate of the pulserate is obtained by transforming the scrubbed signal from a first spectral domain into a second spectral domain. The pulserate is found by identifying the largest spectral peak in the second spectral domain.

    Signal processing apparatus and method
    5.
    发明申请
    Signal processing apparatus and method 有权
    信号处理装置及方法

    公开(公告)号：US20050096517A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-05-05

    申请号：US10791683

    申请日：2004-03-02

    Applicant: Mohamed Diab ,  Rex McCarthy

    Inventor： Mohamed Diab ,  Rex McCarthy

    IPC: A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/02 ,  A61B5/024 ,  A61B5/04

    CPC classification number: A61B5/7257 ,  A61B5/0205 ,  A61B5/02416 ,  A61B5/02433 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/14551 ,  A61B5/14552 ,  A61B5/6826 ,  A61B5/7203 ,  A61B5/7214 ,  A61B5/7225 ,  A61B5/726 ,  A61B5/7278 ,  A61B5/742 ,  G06K9/0051

    Abstract: A method and an apparatus to analyze two measured signals that are modeled as containing desired and undesired portions such as noise, FM and AM modulation. Coefficients relate the two signals according to a model defined in accordance with the present invention. In one embodiment, a transformation is used to evaluate a ratio of the two measured signals in order to find appropriate coefficients. The measured signals are then fed into a signal scrubber which uses the coefficients to remove the unwanted portions. The signal scrubbing is performed in either the time domain or in the frequency domain. The method and apparatus are particularly advantageous to blood oximetry and pulserate measurements. In another embodiment, an estimate of the pulserate is obtained by applying a set of rules to a spectral transform of the scrubbed signal. In another embodiment, an estimate of the pulserate is obtained by transforming the scrubbed signal from a first spectral domain into a second spectral domain. The pulserate is found by identifying the largest spectral peak in the second spectral domain.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于分析被建模为包含期望和不期望的部分（例如噪声，FM和AM调制）的两个测量信号的方法和装置。 系数根据根据本发明定义的模型关联两个信号。 在一个实施例中，使用变换来评估两个测量信号的比率以找到适当的系数。 然后将测量的信号馈送到信号洗涤器中，该信号洗涤器使用系数去除不需要的部分。 信号擦除在时域或频域中进行。 该方法和装置对于血氧饱和度测量和脉动测量是特别有利的。 在另一个实施例中，通过将一组规则应用于经擦除的信号的频谱变换来获得脉冲发生器的估计。 在另一个实施例中，通过将擦除的信号从第一光谱域变换成第二光谱域来获得脉冲发生器的估计。 通过识别第二个光谱域中最大的光谱峰值来发现脉冲发生器。

    Signal processing apparatus and method
    6.
    发明授权
    Signal processing apparatus and method 失效

    公开(公告)号：US6002952A

    公开(公告)日：1999-12-14

    申请号：US834194

    申请日：1997-04-14

    Applicant: Mohamed K. Diab ,  Rex McCarthy

    Inventor： Mohamed K. Diab ,  Rex McCarthy

    IPC: A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/02 ,  A61B5/024 ,  A61B5/04

    CPC classification number: A61B5/14552 ,  A61B5/0205 ,  A61B5/02416 ,  A61B5/14551 ,  A61B5/7203 ,  A61B5/7214 ,  G06K9/0051 ,  A61B5/02433 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/7257 ,  A61B5/726

    Abstract: A method and an apparatus to analyze two measured signals that are modeled as containing desired and undesired portions such as noise, FM and AM modulation. Coefficients relate the two signals according to a model defined in accordance with the present invention. In one embodiment, a transformation is used to evaluate a ratio of the two measured signals in order to find appropriate coefficients. The measured signals are then fed into a signal scrubber which uses the coefficients to remove the unwanted portions. The signal scrubbing is performed in either the time domain or in the frequency domain. The method and apparatus are particularly advantageous to blood oximetry and pulserate measurements. In another embodiment, an estimate of the pulserate is obtained by applying a set of rules to a spectral transform of the scrubbed signal. In another embodiment, an estimate of the pulserate is obtained by transforming the scrubbed signal from a first spectral domain into a second spectral domain. The pulserate is found by identifying the largest spectral peak in the second spectral domain.

    Photoplethysmographics using phase-division multiplexing
    7.
    发明授权
    Photoplethysmographics using phase-division multiplexing 失效
    Photoplethysmographics使用相位复用

    公开(公告)号：US5349952A

    公开(公告)日：1994-09-27

    申请号：US665594

    申请日：1991-03-05

    Applicant: Rex McCarthy ,  Robert Smith

    Inventor： Rex McCarthy ,  Robert Smith

    IPC: A61B5/00 ,  G01N21/31

    CPC classification number: A61B5/417 ,  A61B5/0059 ,  A61B5/1455 ,  G01N21/3151

    Abstract: First and second carrier signals, distinguishable by phase, are respectively applied to infrared and red energy emitters. A detector receives the sum of the energy after modulation at the infrared and red wavelengths. The signal received by the detector is then demultiplexed into its original first and second components, thereby allowing determining of both the infrared and red modulation components. The first and second carrier signals may comprise time-varying periodic signals with identical frequency and frequency spectra, such as a pair of sine waves which are indistinguishable except by phase and amplitude. A 90.degree. phase difference is preferred, but any phase other than 0 or an integer multiple of 180.degree. is workable. A carrier frequency which avoids excessive interference from ambient light is preferred.

    Abstract translation: 通过相位可区分的第一和第二载波信号分别应用于红外和红色能量发射器。 检测器在红外和红色波长处接收调制后的能量之和。 然后由检测器接收的信号被解复用为其原始的第一和第二分量，从而允许确定红外和红色调制分量两者。 第一和第二载波信号可以包括具有相同频率和频谱的时变周期性信号，例如除了相位和幅度之外是不可区分的一对正弦波。 优选90度相位差，但是0以外的任何相或180度的整数倍都是可行的。 优选避免环境光过度干扰的载波频率。

    Photoplethysmographics using energy-reducing waveform shaping
    8.
    发明授权
    Photoplethysmographics using energy-reducing waveform shaping 失效
    Photoplethysmographics使用减少能量的波形整形

    公开(公告)号：US5343818A

    公开(公告)日：1994-09-06

    申请号：US664782

    申请日：1991-03-05

    Applicant: Rex McCarthy ,  Robert Smith

    Inventor： Rex McCarthy ,  Robert Smith

    IPC: A61B5/00

    CPC classification number: A61B5/417 ,  A61B5/1455

    Abstract: A method of energy-reducing waveform shaping of carrier signals in a photoplethysmographic system, in which a carrier signal may comprise a time-varying periodic waveform comprising a sum of carrier components. The carrier signal has its energy reduced by adding additional carrier components, which reduce the energy envelope for a period of the carrier signal, while preserving the signal information. The method of energy-reducing waveform shaping may be coupled with frequency-division, phase-division and component-amplitude-division multiplexing, and more generally with any method of multiplexing which employs a time-varying periodic carrier signal. Redundant information may be used for error detection and correction. A plurality of carrier components may be chosen which reduces the energy envelope for a period of the carrier signal, and which employs more carrier components than needed to perform the preferred form of multiplexing and demultiplexing of the modulation effects introduced by a tissue section of the patient. Majority voting of carrier components may then provide for error detection and correction.

    Abstract translation: 一种在光电体积描记系统中降低载波信号波形整形的方法，其中载波信号可以包括包括载波分量之和的时变周期波形。 载波信号通过添加额外的载波分量来减少其能量，这降低载波信号周期的能量包络，同时保持信号信息。 能量减小波形整形的方法可以与分频，相位分割和分量幅度分割复用耦合，更一般地，可以采用采用时变周期性载波信号的任何复用方法。 冗余信息可用于错误检测和校正。 可以选择多个载波分量，其减少载波信号的周期的能量包络，并且其采用比执行由患者的组织部分引入的调制效应的优选形式的多路复用和解复用所需的更多载波分量 。 运营商组件的多数投票可能会提供错误检测和纠正。

    Wave form filter pulse detector and method for modulated signal
    9.
    发明授权
    Wave form filter pulse detector and method for modulated signal 失效
    波形滤波器脉冲检测器和调制信号的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4867571A

    公开(公告)日：1989-09-19

    申请号：US317097

    申请日：1989-02-28

    Applicant: Gene Frick ,  Rex McCarthy ,  Michael Pawlowski

    Inventor： Gene Frick ,  Rex McCarthy ,  Michael Pawlowski

    IPC: A61B5/024 ,  G01N21/31

    CPC classification number: G01N21/3151 ,  A61B5/02416 ,  G01N2021/3159 ,  G01N2021/3181

    Abstract: A device and method for determining pulses in a modulated signal is disclosed. The modulated signal is processed and converted into a quantized analog type of digital data stream. The data stream is evaluated over time by considering preceeding and subsequent values in the data stream to generate a filtered wave form. By using extreme values in the filtered wave form pulse detection is accurately determined regardless of whether the modulated signal has complicating features, such as dicrotic notch, or high noise levels, or both.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于确定调制信号中的脉冲的装置和方法。 调制信号被处理并转换成量化的模拟类型的数字数据流。 通过考虑数据流中的先前和后续值以生成滤波波形来随时间评估数据流。 通过在滤波波形中使用极值，无论调制信号是否具有复杂特征，例如重触切口，或高噪声电平，或两者都精确地确定脉冲检测。

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