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公开(公告)号：US3960508A
公开(公告)日：1976-06-01
申请号：US520485
申请日：1974-11-04
CPC分类号： B01J8/0278 , B01D46/24
摘要： A trough-type scale trap for use with a refinery or chemical plant reactor having a catalyst bed subject to plugging by fine particles. Compared to prior art traps, the trough-type scale trap of the invention is characterized by a larger volumetric capacity and screen area and is substantially easier to construct and to install or remove from closed reactor vessels than conventional traps. Its typical embodiment is as a series of parallel troughs having rectangular openings and disposed chordally across the reactor normal to the direction of flow. In one embodiment, the trough is a rectangular parallelepiped; in another embodiment, the substantially rectangular opening is reduced by tapering to a bottom significantly smaller than the inlet opening.
摘要翻译： 一种与炼油厂或化学工厂反应器一起使用的槽型刻度阱，其具有由细颗粒堵塞的催化剂床。 与现有技术的捕集阱相比，本发明的槽型捕集阱的特征在于体积容量和筛分面积更大，并且比常规捕集阱更容易构建和安装或从封闭的反应器容器移除。 其典型的实施例是一系列具有矩形开口的平行槽，并且平行地沿着流动方向平行地布置在反应堆上。 在一个实施例中，槽是长方体; 在另一个实施例中，基本上矩形的开口通过锥形减小到明显小于入口开口的底部。
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公开(公告)号：US20120116137A1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-10
申请号：US12942680
申请日：2010-11-09
CPC分类号： C07C1/041 , B01J8/0449 , B01J2219/0004 , C07C29/151 , C07C41/09 , C10G2/32 , C10G2/33 , C10G2/331 , C10G2/332 , C10G3/42 , C10G3/46 , C10G3/48 , C10G3/49 , C10G45/58 , C10G45/60 , C10G2300/1022 , C10G2300/304 , C10G2300/4025 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/04 , C10G2400/08 , C10G2400/30 , Y02P20/52 , Y02P30/20 , C07C31/04 , C07C43/043
摘要： Synthetic fuels are produced from synthesis gas in a four-stage reactor system with a single recycle loop providing the requisite thermal capacity to moderate the high heat release of the reactions and to provide the reactants and reaction environments for the efficient operation of the process. The first stage converts a portion of the synthesis gas to methanol, the second stage converts the methanol to dimethylether, the third stage converts the methanol and dimethylether to fuel and the fourth stage converts the high melting point component, durene, and other low volatility aromatic components such as tri- andtetra-methylbenzenes to high octane branched paraffins. The four-stage catalyst used for hydrotreating is resistant to CO poisoning. The reactions i produce water as a side product that is carried through to a high pressure separator after the fourth stage. The streams from the separator are a liquid fuel stream, a water stream and a gaseous stream that contains light hydrocarbon gases and the unreacted synthesis gas. The larger part of this gas stream is recycled to the inlet of the first stage and mixed with the fresh synthesis gas stream. Alternatively, the fresh synthetic gas stream is mixed with the product of the second stage. The smaller part of the gas stream from the separator is sent to hydrocarbon recovery and to fuel gas used for providing preheat of various streams. The liquid fuel is sent for blending into fuel products, such as gasoline, jet fuel, or diesel, and the water stream can be sent, for example, to the synthesis gas producing plant for steam generation.
摘要翻译： 合成燃料由具有单循环回路的四级反应器系统中的合成气生产，提供了必要的热容量，以缓和反应的高热释放，并提供反应物和反应环境以有效地操作该方法。 第一阶段将一部分合成气转化为甲醇，第二阶段将甲醇转化为二甲醚，第三阶段将甲醇和二甲醚转化为燃料，第四阶段将高熔点组分，杜烯和其他低挥发性芳香族 组分如三 - 和四甲基苯与高辛烷支链烷烃。 用于加氢处理的四级催化剂耐CO中毒。 在第四阶段之后，反应我产生作为副产物的水，其被运送到高压分离器。 来自分离器的物流是液体燃料流，水流和含有轻烃气体和未反应的合成气的气流。 该气流的较大部分被再循环到第一阶段的入口并与新鲜合成气流混合。 或者，将新鲜的合成气流与第二阶段的产物混合。 来自分离器的气流的较小部分被送到烃回收和用于提供各种流的预热的燃料气体。 液体燃料被输送到燃料产品如汽油，喷气燃料或柴油中，并且水流可以例如送到用于蒸汽发生的合成气生产设备。
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3.发明授权In-situ localized tracer injection/fiber optic detection for measurement of flow distributions in fixed bed reactors 失效用于测量固定床反应器中流量分布的原位局部示踪剂注入/光纤检测
公开(公告)号：US5354990A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-11
申请号：US63393
申请日：1993-05-18
摘要： The distribution of fluid flowing through a packed bed reactor is determined by placing a plurality of fiber optic sensors at desired locations within the packed bed reactor. A light analyzable tracer component is injected into the fluid flowing through the reactor. Light is supplied to each of the sensors causing any tracer component in the vicinity of the sensor to emit electromagnetic radiation. The emitted electromagnetic radiation is detected at each fiber optic sensor, thereby permitting the amount of tracer in the vicinity of each sensor to be determined, and consequently providing a measure of the distribution of fluid flowing through the reactor.
摘要翻译： 通过将多个光纤传感器放置在填充床反应器内的所需位置来确定流过填充床反应器的流体的分布。 将可分光示踪剂组分注入流经反应器的流体中。 光被提供给每个传感器，导致传感器附近的任何示踪器部件发射电磁辐射。 在每个光纤传感器处检测发射的电磁辐射，从而允许确定每个传感器附近的示踪剂的量，并且因此提供流过反应器的流体分布的量度。
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公开(公告)号：US08686206B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-01
申请号：US12942680
申请日：2010-11-09
IPC分类号： C07C1/04
CPC分类号： C07C1/041 , B01J8/0449 , B01J2219/0004 , C07C29/151 , C07C41/09 , C10G2/32 , C10G2/33 , C10G2/331 , C10G2/332 , C10G3/42 , C10G3/46 , C10G3/48 , C10G3/49 , C10G45/58 , C10G45/60 , C10G2300/1022 , C10G2300/304 , C10G2300/4025 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2400/02 , C10G2400/04 , C10G2400/08 , C10G2400/30 , Y02P20/52 , Y02P30/20 , C07C31/04 , C07C43/043
摘要： Synthetic fuels are produced from synthesis gas in a four-stage reactor system with a single recycle loop providing the requisite thermal capacity to moderate the high heat release of the reactions and to provide the reactants and reaction environments for the efficient operation of the process. The first stage converts a portion of the synthesis gas to methanol, the second stage converts the methanol to dimethylether, the third stage converts the methanol and dimethylether to fuel and the fourth stage converts the high melting point component, durene, and other low volatility aromatic components such as tri- and tetra-methylbenzenes to high octane branched paraffins.
摘要翻译： 合成燃料由具有单循环回路的四级反应器系统中的合成气生产，提供了必要的热容量，以缓和反应的高热释放，并提供反应物和反应环境以有效地操作该方法。 第一阶段将一部分合成气转化为甲醇，第二阶段将甲醇转化为二甲醚，第三阶段将甲醇和二甲醚转化为燃料，第四阶段将高熔点组分，杜烯和其他低挥发性芳香族 组分如三和四甲基苯与高辛烷基支链烷烃。
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公开(公告)号：US5403561A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-04
申请号：US113163
申请日：1993-08-27
CPC分类号： B05B1/262 , B01J19/26 , B01J8/0492 , B01J2208/00539
摘要： The uniform distribution of mixed phase fluid stream on to the top of a contact bed in a reactor chamber is provided by a horizontal tray with a plurality of spaced-apart, vertically disposed chimneys extending through the tray. These chimneys have a first end to receive liquid and gas above the tray and a second end for distributing the liquid and gas downwardly below the tray. Importantly, the second end is provided with a spray generating device located below the tray for producing a conical downward spray of the mixed fluid phase onto the top surface of a bed of contact material positioned below the tray. The spray generating devices for producing the conical spray are located at positions so that the spray of the mixed fluid stream from one spray generating device as it impinges on the top surface of the fixed bed, will overlap the spray from an adjacent spray generating device.
摘要翻译： 混合相流体流在反应器室中的接触床的顶部上的均匀分布由具有延伸穿过托盘的多个间隔开的垂直设置的烟囱的水平托盘提供。 这些烟囱具有在托盘上方接收液体和气体的第一端和用于将液体和气体向下分配到托盘下方的第二端。 重要的是，第二端设置有位于托盘下方的喷雾产生装置，用于产生混合流体相的锥形向下喷射到位于托盘下方的接触材料床的顶表面上。 用于生产锥形喷雾器的喷雾产生装置位于使得当其撞击在固定床的顶表面上时来自一个喷雾发生装置的混合流体流的喷射将与来自相邻喷雾产生装置的喷雾重叠。
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公开(公告)号：US5340549A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-23
申请号：US966634
申请日：1992-10-26
CPC分类号： B01F3/04106 , B01J19/246 , B01J19/2465 , B01J19/26 , C07C29/06 , B01J2219/00777 , Y10S261/75
摘要： In its simplest sense, the present invention provides a method for improving the contacting of plural, distinct phases in a vertically disposed vessel containing distinct fluid phases by injecting a stream of dispersed distinct phases together into the phases contained in the vessel at a sufficient velocity to force the fluid in the vessel to circulate downwardly through a central region in the vessel and upwardly in the annular region surrounding the central region.
摘要翻译： 在其最简单的意义上，本发明提供了一种用于通过将分散的不同相一起注入容纳在容器中的相的速度以提供足够的速度来改善在垂直设置的容器中含有不同流体相的多个不同相的接触的方法， 迫使容器中的流体向下循环通过容器中的中心区域并且在围绕中心区域的环形区域中向上循环。
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公开(公告)号：US5154898A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-13
申请号：US666950
申请日：1991-03-11
CPC分类号： B01J19/26 , B01J19/246 , B01J19/2465 , B01J2219/00777
摘要： In its simplest sense, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for improving the contacting of plural, distinct phases in a circulatory reactor containing a liquid-immersed circulation tube by injecting a stream of dispersed distinct phases together into the circulation tube of the circulatory reactor. Sufficient fluid movement will force the fluid in the reactor to circulate downwardly through the circulation tube and upwardly in the annular space between the tube and the reactor wall.
摘要翻译： 在最简单的意义上，本发明提供了一种方法和装置，用于通过将分散的不同相的流一起注入到循环反应器的循环管中来改善包含液体浸没的循环管的循环反应器中的多个不同相的接触 。 足够的流体运动将迫使反应器中的流体向下循环通过循环管，并在管和反应器壁之间的环形空间中向上循环。
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公开(公告)号：US5152967A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-06
申请号：US539397
申请日：1990-06-18
CPC分类号： B01F5/0602 , B01J19/006 , B01J19/0066 , B01J8/0278 , B01J8/0492 , C10G49/002 , B01J2219/00164 , B01J2219/0018 , B01J2219/00768 , B01J2219/00777
摘要： The interzone mixing device of the present invention is positioned in a multi-zoned vessel for flow of fluid generally vertically therethrough. The interzone mixing device includes a horizontally disposed first plate that has a central opening in it and a cylindrical cap extending upwardly from the first plate and sized and positioned to cover the central opening therein. The cap has a plurality of angular slots in the side wall to direct the flow of fluid passing therethrough in a swirling direction toward the central opening in the first plate. The interzone mixing device also includes a horizontally disposed second plate which has a plurality of openings in an annular ring around the periphery of the second plate. Additionally, a horizontally disposed circular table is positioned on the second plate and is aligned with the central opening in the first plate. A third horizontally disposed plate, having a central opening therein, is spaced apart from the second plate and defines a jet stirred mixing zone therebetween. A horizontally disposed fluid distribution plate is spaced apart from the third plate. A conduit for introducing a quench fluid is also provided in this apparatus.
摘要翻译： 本发明的混合区混合装置位于多区域容器中，用于使流体大致垂直地穿过其中。 区间混合装置包括水平布置的第一板，其中具有中心开口，以及从第一板向上延伸的圆柱形盖，其大小和定位以覆盖其中的中心开口。 盖在侧壁中具有多个角槽，以将流过其中的流体沿着旋转方向引导到第一板中的中心开口。 所述混合区混合装置还包括水平布置的第二板，所述第二板在所述第二板周边的环形环中具有多个开口。 此外，水平设置的圆台被定位在第二板上并且与第一板中的中心开口对准。 在其中具有中心开口的第三水平布置的板与第二板间隔开并且在它们之间限定喷射搅拌的混合区。 水平布置的流体分配板与第三板间隔开。 在该装置中还提供了用于引入骤冷流体的导管。
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公开(公告)号：US3644192A
公开(公告)日：1972-02-22
申请号：US3644192D
申请日：1970-08-28
申请人： SIK U LI , EDWARD EFFRON , ROBERT M KOROS
发明人： LI SIK U , EFFRON EDWARD , KOROS ROBERT M
摘要： A coal/liquid slurry is conducted upwardly in a three-phase fluidized state through a plurality of vessels connected in series, with the gas generated in each individual vessel being purged to a common header by a pressure control system included in each stage for ensuring control of flow through the reactors. The lead vessel includes the following features: a narrow, bottom entrance section designed to produce a superficial liquid velocity which is higher than the minimum fluidization velocity of the heaviest, largest particles in the slurry, so that all entering particles can be fluidized in the entrance section; an expanded upper section designed to slow the upflow of the slurry to a superficial liquid velocity sufficiently lower than the aforesaid minimum fluidization velocity to carry upwardly all particles which are essentially organic in composition but insufficient to carry upwardly a major portion of particles which are essentially nonorganic in nature, so that such major portion of essentially nonorganic particles settle from the upper section and do not carry over to a subsequent vessel; and a side opening at the intersection of these two sections for the continuous withdrawal of a slurry of those particles which settle from the upper section. The vessels subsequent to the leading vessel each have a uniform diameter smaller than the diameter in the lead vessel, so that particles passed from the lead vessel will not settle in the subsequent vessels. Each subsequent vessel also has vertical internals to provide a close approach to plug flow performance. Also, entry ports are provided at the base of each subsequent vessel for hydrogen gas addition.
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公开(公告)号：US20130270483A1
公开(公告)日：2013-10-17
申请号：US13551146
申请日：2012-07-17
申请人： Moshe BEN-REUVEN , Howard L. Fang , Meifang Qin , Robert M. Koros , Arie Toren
发明人： Moshe BEN-REUVEN , Howard L. Fang , Meifang Qin , Robert M. Koros , Arie Toren
CPC分类号： C01B3/38 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/042 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/1041 , C01B2203/1058 , C01B2203/1241 , C10J3/482 , C10J3/84 , C10J2300/0916 , C10J2300/0986 , C10J2300/1853 , C10K1/026 , C10K1/04 , C10K3/026 , Y02P20/145 , Y02P20/146
摘要： The invention relates to systems and methods for producing synthesis gas. In particular, the systems of the present invention include two catalytic reactors in series, a wet reformer/gasifier followed by a dry reformer. The systems produce synthesis gas with very little to no methane.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于生产合成气的系统和方法。 特别地，本发明的系统包括串联的两个催化反应器，随后是干重整器的湿重整器/气化器。 该系统产生几乎没有甲烷的合成气。
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