摘要:
The present invention relates to a flat tubular solid-oxide fuel cell and to a water electrolysis apparatus. More particularly, the present invention relates to a flat tubular solid-oxide fuel cell and to a water electrolysis apparatus, wherein the flat tubular solid-oxide fuel cell comprises: a cell stack including a plurality of flat tubular unit cells; and first manifolds which are made of ceramic materials, and each of which has a first reaction gas inlet/outlet portion for the entry/exit of a first reaction gas to/from the cell stack and a first insertion portion for the insertion of either of the two ends of the cell stack, wherein the first manifolds are arranged at both ends of the cell stack, respectively, to thereby simplify the structure of the fuel cell and minimize the number of sealing portions in order to reduce the loss of reaction gas or the like.
摘要:
A hydrotreatment process is carried out in at least two steps to hydrotreat a heavy hydrocarbon fraction containing asphaltenes, sulphur-containing impurities and metallic impurities, comprising a first hydrodemetallization step and a subsequent second hydrodesulphurization step, in which the hydrodemetallization step comprises one or more hydrodemetallization zones with fixed beds preceded by at least two hydrodemetallization guard zones (A) and (B), also with fixed beds, disposed in series for cyclic use consisting of successive repetition of steps b) and c) defined below. The process comprises the following steps: a) a step in which the guard zones are used together for a period of at most equal to the deactivation time and/or clogging time of one thereof, b) a step during which the deactivated and/or clogged guard zone is short-circuited and the catalyst it contains is regenerated and/or replaced by fresh catalyst, and c) a step during which the guard zones (A) and (B) are used together, the guard zone where the catalyst has been regenerated during the preceding step being reconnected and said step being carried out for a period at most equal to the deactivation and/or clogging time of one of the guard zones. The process is characterized by introducing a quantity of middle distillate, particularly a gas oil, with the feed representing 0.5% to 80% by weight with respect to the feed. The process can comprise a prior hydrovisbreaking step and optionally a final deasphalting step using a solvent.
摘要:
A fabrication method for a chip package includes the steps of forming a first substrate having embedded leads, forming a second substrate with embedded leads and a central aperture therethrough, and attaching the second substrate to the first substrate to form a substrate with a recess for receiving a chip. A chip may then be mounted within the central aperture of the second substrate, on the first substrate, and bond pads of the chip may be attached to leads exposed on one of the first and second substrates with a plurality of metal wires. A resin may be molded over the device to protect the metal wires, the chip, and the leads.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell, which includes a plurality of unit cells and a connection layer between the plurality of unit cells, wherein each of the unit cells includes an anode, a cathode and a solid electrolyte between the anode and the cathode, and the connection layer includes i) a first layer containing La-ferrite including one or more selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ca and Ba; and ii) a second layer containing La-ferrite including one or more selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ca and Ba, and one or more cerias selected from the group consisting of GDC (Gd doped ceria), LDC (La-doped ceria) and SDC (Sm-doped ceria), wherein the first layer is in contact with the cathode of each of the unit cells and the second layer is in contact with the anode of each of the unit cells.
摘要:
A device for a solid oxide fuel cell or a solid oxide electrolysis cell includes an integral one-piece construction of a current collector and a manifold. The device eliminates the need for a brazing or thermal bonding process for joining the manifold with the current collector, and thus makes it possible to prevent breakdown of the junction formed between the manifold and the current collector, which can lead to gas leakage through the junction, and thus can be used for a long period of time.
摘要:
A switch device whose assembly is easily performed with a simple structure and that has low manufacturing costs includes a case having a rectangular-shaped long groove, a long operating knob held in a vertically movable manner in the long groove, a plurality of operating bodies provided in the longitudinal direction of the long operating knob and operated with the vertical movement of the long operating knob, movable contacts respectively provided below the operating bodies, and a base on which the movable contacts and fixed contacts are mounted such that they can come in contact with or separate from each other. When the long operating knob is pressed, at least one of the plurality of operating bodies is pressed, causing the movable contacts provided below the operating bodies to come in contact with the fixed contacts.
摘要:
A lead frame includes a pair of guide rails separated at a predetermined space; at least one dam bar for connecting the pair of guide rails; a die paddle for mounting a semiconductor chip between the dam bar; a tie bar for supporting the die paddle; a plurality of leads each consisting of a first lead having a predetermined length extended from the dam bar between the dam bar and the die paddle, a second lead connected electrically to the first lead and formed bent in a first direction, and a third lead connected electrically to the second lead and formed bent in a second direction.
摘要:
A stacked semiconductor package is formed by forming a semiconductor wafer having a plurality of semiconductor chips with chip pads on their upper sides, where the chips are arranged in pairs; sawing the wafer along edges of the semiconductor chips; adhering a bonding tape to adjacent pairs of the semiconductor chips, wherein conductive interconnections on the bonding tape electrically couple corresponding chip pads of adjacent chips; cutting the bonding tape so that only adjacent pairs of the chips remain attached to one another; and stacking the adjacent pairs of semiconductor chips so that the upper sides of the chips are substantially parallel. The method may include an additional step of adhering a plurality of solder balls on the bonding tape to serve as external leads of the package. Further, the adjacent pairs of semiconductor chips may be attached to opposite sides of a heat conducting plate which serves to dissipate heat generated by the chips.
摘要:
A lead frame includes a first lead and a second lead formed on the first lead. The second lead may comprise a conductive adhesive and a conductive layer attached to the first lead. Such leads may be used for a package where the second leads are exposed on the outside exterior of a molded resin and/or a semiconductor chip has a plurality of center chip pads.
摘要:
A device for a solid oxide fuel cell or a solid oxide electrolysis cell includes an integral one-piece construction of a current collector and a manifold. The device eliminates the need for a brazing or thermal bonding process for joining the manifold with the current collector, and thus makes it possible to prevent breakdown of the junction formed between the manifold and the current collector, which can lead to gas leakage through the junction, and thus can be used for a long period of time.