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公开(公告)号：US3936745A
公开(公告)日：1976-02-03
申请号：US523119
申请日：1974-11-12
CPC分类号： G04F10/04
摘要： A method of measuring the duration of a discontinuous signal, which consists of groups of pulses with the duration of the gap between individual pulses in the same group being smaller then the time between groups, includes the steps of starting a time-measuring device at the time of arrival of the leading edge of the first pulse in the group whose duration is to be measured, copying the measured value from the time-measuring device without stopping that time-measuring device whenever signal gaps occur, storing each successive measured value until a timer examining the signal gaps determines that no signals have occurred for a preselected time, and displaying the measured value of the time copied from the time-measuring device at the last instant that the pulsating signal was present.
摘要翻译： 一种测量不连续信号的持续时间的方法，其包括具有相同组中的各个脉冲之间的间隔的持续时间的脉冲组，其间的时间间隔小于组之间的时间，包括以下步骤：在时间测量装置 第一脉冲的前沿到达要持续时间的组的时间到达时间，每当出现信号间隙时，复制来自时间测量装置的测量值而不停止该测量装置，存储每个连续的测量值直到 检查信号间隙的定时器确定在预选时间内没有发生信号，并且显示在脉动信号存在的最后时刻从时间测量装置复制的时间的测量值。
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公开(公告)号：US4090082A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-16
申请号：US800801
申请日：1977-05-26
CPC分类号： G01T1/18
摘要： An improved system of circuitry for operating an electronic counter connected to a Geiger-Mueller (GM) tube or to a similar source of random pulses with an associated dead time making the system response linear at increased counting rates, includes an electronic one-shot device, an and-gate connected to a pulse counter, a second and-gate connected to an interval counter, and a frequency source for producing periodic clock pulses. When a GM tube is operated as a part of this system, it detects ionizing radiation by producing pulses at a rate proportional to the amount of radiation present. The one-shot inhibits further GM-tube pulses from entering the pulse counter for a fixed time selected to be somewhat longer than the maximum GM-tube dead time, and at the same time it inhibits further periodic clock pulses from entering the interval counter, automatically correcting the measured and displayed pulse count for dead time without regard to the precise value of the dead time of the GM tube or other pulse source.
摘要翻译： 一种用于操作连接到盖革 - 米勒（GM）管的电子计数器或具有相关联的死区时间的类似的随机脉冲源的电路的改进系统，其使系统响应以增加的计数速率为线性，包括电子单稳态 连接到脉冲计数器的栅极和连接到间隔计数器的第二栅极和用于产生周期性时钟脉冲的频率源。 当GM管作为该系统的一部分操作时，它通过以与存在的辐射量成比例的速率产生脉冲来检测电离辐射。 一次性抑制进一步的GM管脉冲进入脉冲计数器一段固定时间，被选择为比最大GM管死区时间稍长，同时抑制进一步的周期性时钟脉冲进入间隔计数器， 自动校正死区时间的测量和显示脉冲数，而不考虑GM管或其他脉冲源的死区时间的精确值。
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公开(公告)号：USRE28951E
公开(公告)日：1976-08-31
申请号：US585183
申请日：1975-06-09
IPC分类号： G01N27/66
CPC分类号： G01N27/66
摘要： Improved circuitry for increasing the sensitivity of an electron-capture ionization detector includes a closed-loop feedback circuit which varies the frequency of pulses which are applied to the detector. The circuit responds to greater concentrations of predetermined compounds such as gases by increasing the pulse repetition frequency and responds to lower concentrations by decreasing the pulse repetition frequency, always tending to keep the current flowing in the detector circuit near a constant preset value. The pulse frequency will then vary directly with the concentration of sampled compound in the detector, and simple frequency-to-voltage conversion devices can be used to signal such concentrations. .Iadd.
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公开(公告)号：US3984690A
公开(公告)日：1976-10-05
申请号：US564380
申请日：1975-04-02
摘要： An improved system of circuitry for use in combination with an ionizing-radiation detector over a wide range of radiation levels includes a current-to-frequency converter together with a digital data processor for respectively producing and measuring a pulse repetition frequency which is proportional to the output current of the ionizing-radiation detector, a dc-to-dc converter for providing closely regulated operating voltages from a rechargeable battery and a bias supply for providing high voltage to the ionization chamber. The ionizing-radiation detector operating as a part of this system produces a signal responsive to the level of ionizing radiation in the vicinity of the detector, and this signal is converted into a pulse frequency which will vary in direct proportion to such level of ionizing-radiation. The data processor, by counting the number of pulses from the converter over a selected integration interval, provides a digital indication of radiation dose rate, and by accumulating the total of all such pulses provides a digital indication of total integrated dose. Ordinary frequency-to-voltage conversion devices or digital display techniques can be used as a means for providing audible and visible indications of dose and dose-rate levels.
摘要翻译： 在宽范围的辐射水平上与电离辐射检测器组合使用的改进的电路系统包括与数字数据处理器一起的电流 - 频率转换器，用于分别产生和测量脉冲重复频率，其与 电离辐射检测器的输出电流，用于从可再充电电池提供紧密调节的工作电压的dc-dc转换器和用于向电离室提供高电压的偏置电源。 作为该系统的一部分操作的电离辐射检测器产生响应于检测器附近的电离辐射水平的信号，并且该信号被转换成脉冲频率，该脉冲频率将与这种电离 - 辐射。 数据处理器通过在所选择的积分间隔上对来自转换器的脉冲数进行计数，提供辐射剂量率的数字指示，并且通过累积所有这样的脉冲的总和提供总积分剂量的数字指示。 可以使用普通的频率 - 电压转换装置或数字显示技术作为提供剂量和剂量率水平的可见和可见指示的手段。
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公开(公告)号：US4151404A
公开(公告)日：1979-04-24
申请号：US847395
申请日：1977-10-31
CPC分类号： G06F7/588 , G07C15/006
摘要： An apparatus having a digital circuit containing a variable-modulus counter and a frequency source for rapidly cycling the variable-modulus counter through all of its states is used to produce a random sample from the set of digits through which the variable-modulus counter is cycling upon the actuation of a pushbutton-controlled sampling circuit. The sample is added to previous samples, if any, and displayed or may be cleared. A modulus selector is used to determine the modulus, or operating range, of the variable-modulus counter and may utilize any suitable commercial type device such as a rotary switch and logic gates. A synchronizer operates in response to the sample pushbutton to enable sampling counting at an appropriate instant of time.
摘要翻译： 使用具有包含可变模数计数器的数字电路和用于通过其全部状态快速循环可变模数计数器的频率源的装置，用于从可变模数计数器循环通过的数字组中产生随机样本 在启动按钮控制的采样电路时。 将样品添加到先前的样品（如果有的话），并显示或可能被清除。 模数选择器用于确定可变模数计数器的模数或工作范围，并且可以使用任何合适的商业型装置，例如旋转开关和逻辑门。 同步器响应样品按钮操作，以便在适当的时刻进行采样计数。
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公开(公告)号：US4083044A
公开(公告)日：1978-04-04
申请号：US665385
申请日：1976-03-10
CPC分类号： H03K7/06 , H03M1/1023 , H03M1/366
摘要： In a unipolar version of an analog-to-digital converter of low-level signals involving a self-zeroing current-to-frequency converter, which virtually eliminates the effects of voltage offsets at the input to the converter while avoiding large leakage currents, improved circuitry is provided in order to avoid paralysis of the converter which could be caused by small input currents or charges of polarity opposite to that of the normal signal current or by drifts in the converter input voltage which produce a negative-charge offset. The circuitry includes provision for the automatic introduction at the converter input of a relatively-large restoration current with the same polarity as the signal current, and this current can also be used for converter checking and calibration. One version of this circuitry involves exposing a junction diode at the converter input to light, causing it to act as a photodiode. One easily controlled source of such light may be a light-emitting diode conducting a suitable current placed in close proximity to the junction diode within the same enclosure. When the junction diode forms a part of a secondary feedback loop used during the discharge period of a primary capacitive feedback, then exposing it to light speeds up the secondary feedback, thereby reducing converter dead time. Other devices may be used for current introduction at the converter input, including a mechanical switch, but they are less preferable from the standpoint of leakage current, size and speed of response.
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4005364A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-25
申请号：US698103
申请日：1976-06-21
摘要： A digital circuit determines the maximum frequency present in a first pulse train and indicates when a selected fraction of this maximum frequency is exceeded in subsequent pulse trains. The invention comprises a prescaler circuit for the purpose of reducing the frequency of the input pulse train to a level suitable for a digital period-measuring circuit; a digital period-measurement circuit that measures the period of the output of the prescaler and compares that measured value to a stored value; a frequency-multiplier circuit that produces the reference frequency used to measure the period in the period-measurement circuit; and a control circuit to operate the circuits in a first mode for storing a digital value representative of the maximum frequency present in the input pulse train, and in a second mode for comparing the frequency of subsequent pulse trains with the value stored in the first mode. The control circuit produces an output signal when the frequency of the subsequent pulse train exceeds a selected fraction of the maximum frequency present in the first pulse train.
摘要翻译： 数字电路确定存在于第一脉冲串中的最大频率，并且指示在随后的脉冲串中何时超出该最大频率的选定分数。 本发明包括预分频器电路，用于将输入脉冲串的频率降低到适合于数字周期测量电路的电平; 数字周期测量电路，其测量预分频器的输出周期，并将该测量值与存储值进行比较; 产生用于测量周期测量电路中的周期的参考频率的倍频电路; 以及控制电路，用于以第一模式操作电路，用于存储表示输入脉冲串中存在的最大频率的数字值，以及用于将后续脉冲序列的频率与存储在第一模式中的值进行比较的第二模式 。 当后续脉冲串的频率超过存在于第一脉冲串中的最大频率的选定分数时，控制电路产生输出信号。
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公开(公告)号：US3991611A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-16
申请号：US582987
申请日：1975-06-02
CPC分类号： H04L27/2035 , E21B47/12 , G08C15/12 , H04L25/4904 , H04L27/2272
摘要： An improved digital telemetering system for conveying information from a subsurface measuring device to a receiving station located at the other end of the cable used to lower and retrieve the measuring device is disclosed. The information being telemetered is converted into digital form within the subsurface measuring device and is communicated as digital numbers over the telemetry link for recording, display and interpretation at the receiving station. A single insulated wire within the hoist cable can convey all signals and the electrical power to the subsurface equipment. The outer sheath of the hoist cable provides the return circuit. A decoder circuit located within the surface equipment recovers the data and converts them to useful information. The system can be adapted to handle data from several sources simultaneously and can act as a communication link in both directions without the need for added conductors in the hoist cable.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种改进的数字遥测系统，用于将信息从地下测量装置传送到位于用于降低和取回测量装置的电缆另一端的接收站。 被遥测的信息在地下测量设备内被转换为数字形式，并通过遥测链路传送数字数字，用于在接收站进行记录，显示和解释。 起重电缆内的单根绝缘电线可将所有信号和电力传送到地下设备。 起重电缆的外护套提供回路。 位于表面设备内的解码器电路恢复数据并将其转换为有用的信息。 该系统可以适应于同时处理来自多个源的数据，并且可以在两个方向上作为通信链路，而不需要在提升缆索中添加导体。
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