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公开(公告)号：US06910350B2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-28
申请号：US10637399
申请日：2003-08-08
CPC分类号： F25J3/04975 , F25J3/04254 , F25J3/04284 , F25J3/044 , F25J3/04824 , F25J3/0489 , F25J2205/60 , F25J2205/82 , F25J2210/42 , F25J2290/70 , Y10S62/911
摘要： A portable cryogenic nitrogen generator consists of an air preparation unit and a cryogenic distillation unit mounted inside separate standard-sized ISO containers that can be easily shipped to a drilling site and efficiently and quickly assembled into an operative state. The containers can be connected together at anchor points on the housings of both containers, making the nitrogen generator assembly more stable. The air preparation unit includes an absorption device and optionally includes one or a plurality of air compressor units. The cryogenic distillation unit includes a distillation column and associated heat exchangers. The air preparation and cryogenic distillation units connect through apertures in their respective containers and operate while being mounted in the containers.
摘要翻译： 便携式低温氮气发生器由安装在独立的标准尺寸的ISO容器内的空气制备单元和低温蒸馏单元组成，其可以容易地运输到钻井现场并且被有效且快速地组装成操作状态。 容器可以在两个容器的壳体上的锚定点处连接在一起，使得氮气发生器组件更加稳定。 空气制备单元包括吸收装置，并且可选地包括一个或多个空气压缩机单元。 低温蒸馏装置包括蒸馏塔和相关的热交换器。 空气制备和低温蒸馏装置通过其各自容器中的孔连接并在安装在容器中时操作。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5215454A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-01
申请号：US749748
申请日：1991-08-26
CPC分类号： F23C7/00 , F23L11/00 , F23M20/005 , F23M9/003
摘要： In direct fired fluid burner heater of the type where fuel is continuously injected and burned at one end of a cylindrical combustion chamber and combustion gases discharged at an opposite open end pass through a heat exchanger for heating a circulating medium, and where high heat capacity is achieved for a given chamber size by swirling the flame in the combustion chamber, acoustical low frequency buzzing is controlled by restricting the discharge area through which exhaust gases flow downstream of the heat exchanger.
摘要翻译： 在直接燃烧流体燃烧器加热器中，其中燃料在圆柱形燃烧室的一端连续喷射和燃烧，并且在相对的开口端排出的燃烧气体通过用于加热循环介质的热交换器，并且其中高的热容量为 通过旋转燃烧室中的火焰来实现给定的室尺寸，通过限制排气在热交换器下游流动的排放区域来控制声学低频嗡嗡声。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4819454A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-11
申请号：US146846
申请日：1988-01-22
申请人： William D. Brigham , Dinh Nguyen D.
发明人： William D. Brigham , Dinh Nguyen D.
CPC分类号： F17C9/02 , F17C2221/014 , F17C2223/0161 , F17C2225/0123 , F17C2227/0313 , F17C2227/0393
摘要： A liquid cryogen vaporizer is devised in which the cryogenic liquid is first partially vaporized in a cryogenic heat exchanger which is provided with heat from nonfired sources. The partially vaporized liquid cryogen is then completely vaporized in a second downstream cryogenic heat exchanger also provided with heat from the nonfired sources. The nonfired sources comprise an internal combustion engine and an ambient air heat exchanger. The internal combustion engine drives a hydraulic circuit which provides a constant load on the engine. A cryogenic pump used to flow the cryogenic liquid through the cryogenic heat exchanger is in turn hydraulically driven from this circuit. Heat is also transferred from the hydraulic circuit into a heat exchanging circuit. The heat exchanging fluid is driven around the heat exchanging circuit by means of a pump driven by the engine through the ambient air heat exchanger, a hydraulic heat exchanger and the first cryogenic heat exchanger. Engine coolant is provided to the second cryogenic heat exchanger. A defrost heat exchanger is also provided with engine coolant and it periodically flushed with heat exchanging fluid to provide a predetermined quantity of heated fluid to defrost said ambient air heat exchanger.
摘要翻译： 设计了一种液体冷冻剂蒸发器，其中低温液体首先在从非燃烧源提供热量的低温热交换器中部分蒸发。 然后部分气化的液体冷冻剂在也从非燃烧源提供热量的第二个下游低温热交换器中完全蒸发。 非燃烧源包括内燃机和环境空气热交换器。 内燃机驱动在发动机上提供恒定载荷的液压回路。 用于使低温液体流过低温热交换器的低温泵又从该回路液压驱动。 热量也从液压回路转换成热交换回路。 热交换流体通过由发动机通过环境空气热交换器，液压热交换器和第一低温热交换器驱动的泵驱动在热交换回路周围。 发动机冷却剂被提供给第二低温热交换器。 除霜换热器还设置有发动机冷却剂，并且其周期性地用热交换流体冲洗以提供预定量的加热流体来除霜所述环境空气热交换器。
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公开(公告)号：US4519213A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-28
申请号：US519113
申请日：1983-08-01
申请人： William D. Brigham , Nguyen D. Dung
发明人： William D. Brigham , Nguyen D. Dung
CPC分类号： F17C9/02 , F17C2205/0326 , F17C2205/0329 , F17C2205/0332 , F17C2205/0335 , F17C2221/014 , F17C2223/0161 , F17C2223/033 , F17C2225/0123 , F17C2227/0135 , F17C2227/0304 , F17C2227/0313 , F17C2227/0323 , F17C2227/0393 , F17C2250/043 , F17C2250/0439 , F17C2250/0631 , F17C2260/032
摘要： A high volume cryogen vaporizer includes a radiator where a working fluid draws heat from ambient air for vaporizing a cryogen in a heat exchanger. An electrical heater is provided for periodically heating the working fluid to defrost the radiator, thereby allowing sustained operation of the vaporizer. When not required for defrosting the radiator, the heater may be operated to heat a working fluid in a circuit separate from that of the radiator, and in which the heated working fluid is used for further elevating the temperature of the vaporized cryogen in a second heat exchanger, thereby making possible a gas output temperature higher than ambient air temperature.
摘要翻译： 大容量冷冻剂蒸发器包括散热器，其中工作流体从环境空气抽取热量以便在热交换器中蒸发冷冻剂。 提供电加热器，用于周期性地加热工作流体以对散热器进行除霜，从而允许蒸发器的持续操作。 当散热器除霜不需要时，加热器可以被操作以加热与散热器不同的电路中的工作流体，并且其中加热的工作流体用于在第二热量中进一步升高蒸发的冷冻剂的温度 交换器，从而使得气体输出温度可能高于环境空气温度。
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公开(公告)号：US4373896A
公开(公告)日：1983-02-15
申请号：US250834
申请日：1981-04-03
CPC分类号： F23C7/004 , F23D11/12 , F23C2202/40 , F23D2900/00016
摘要： A burner having a burner body in which combustion air is injected in an air flow pattern which establishes a relatively stagnant air region positioned within the flow of combustion air. A pilot flame injector is positioned to generate a pilot flame extending into the stagnant air region. The pilot flame can, thus, be maintained during the operation of the burner because the stable air conditions within the stagnant air region minimize disruption of the pilot flame by the flow of combustion air.A method for maintaining a uniform pilot flame within a burner operating over a range of combustion air flow rates by introducing combustion air into the burner and providing the combustion air with a flow configuration that establishes a stagnant air zone within the burner that is relatively independent of the flow rate of the combustion air. The pilot flame is then positioned within the stagnant air zone.An injector for feeding finely divided fuel to a burner. The injector includes means to provide an annular passage through which air may flow at high velocity for discharge into a burner. Means are provided to feed fuel into the annular passage such that the fuel may be broken up into minute droplets by the air flow through the passage. Additionally the means to feed fuel are positioned to minimize contact between the fuel and the passage surfaces. Thus, the fuel may be broken up into minute droplets within the air flow stream with the finely divided fuel being discharged into a burner.
摘要翻译： 一种具有燃烧器体的燃烧器，燃烧空气以空气流动模式喷射，其形成位于燃烧空气流中的相对停滞的空气区域。 导向火焰喷射器被定位成产生延伸到停滞空气区域中的引燃火焰。 因此，在燃烧器的操作期间可以维持引燃火焰，因为停滞的空气区域内的稳定的空气条件使燃烧空气的流动使引燃火焰的破坏最小化。 一种通过将燃烧空气引入燃烧器中并且为燃烧空气提供在燃烧器内建立相对独立的燃烧器内的停滞空气区域的流动构造来在燃烧器的一系列燃烧空气流量范围内维持燃烧器内的均匀引燃火焰的方法。 燃烧空气的流量。 然后将引导火焰定位在停滞的空气区域内。 用于将细分燃料供给燃烧器的喷射器。 喷射器包括提供环形通道的装置，空气可以通过该通道高速流动以排放到燃烧器中。 提供装置以将燃料供给到环形通道中，使得燃料可以通过通过通道的空气流分解成微小的液滴。 另外，供给燃料的装置被定位成使燃料和通道表面之间的接触最小化。 因此，燃料可以在空气流动流中分解成微小的液滴，其中细分燃料被排放到燃烧器中。
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公开(公告)号：US5222696A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-29
申请号：US837447
申请日：1992-02-14
申请人： William D. Brigham , Dinh D. Nguyen
发明人： William D. Brigham , Dinh D. Nguyen
CPC分类号： B64F5/0054 , B64F5/0063 , F02B3/06
摘要： A single nonfired heat source, such as a diesel engine, drives a hydraulic pump. The hydraulic pump in turn is coupled in a hydraulic circuit with a back-pressure valve which loads the hydraulic pump and hence the diesel engine. The engine also circulates a heat exchanging fluid, such as engine coolant through a second circuit. Water or engine coolant is circulated through the second circuit by means of a pump driven by the diesel engine. An exhaust gas heat exchanger coupled to the exhaust gases from the engine may also be included within the water coolant, the exhaust gases or both, and is then transferred to noncirculating deicing fluid in a storage tank. Heat developed within the hydraulic circuit which loads the engine is also transferred to the noncirculating fluid in the storage tank. The heated noncirculating fluid may be gently stirred to increase heat exchange efficiency and then either pumped directly to the utilization site from the storage tank or pumped in a single pass through a heat exchanger thermally coupled through the water coolant heat exchanger, hydraulic heat exchanger, or both, and thence to the utilization site.
摘要翻译： 单个非燃烧热源，例如柴油发动机，驱动液压泵。 液压泵依次与液压回路连接，其中背压阀装载液压泵并因此装载柴油发动机。 发动机还通过第二回路使诸如发动机冷却剂的热交换流体循环。 水或发动机冷却液通过由柴油发动机驱动的泵循环通过第二回路。 与来自发动机的废气相连的排气热交换器也可以包括在水冷却剂，废气或两者内，然后被转移到储罐中的非循环除冰流体中。 在装载发动机的液压回路内产生的热量也转移到储罐中的非循环流体。 加热的非循环流体可以被轻轻搅拌以提高热交换效率，然后直接从储罐泵送到利用部位，或者单次泵送通过热交换器，热交换器通过水冷却剂热交换器，液压热交换器或 两者，然后到使用场所。
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公开(公告)号：US5098036A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-24
申请号：US72123
申请日：1987-07-10
申请人： William D. Brigham , Nguyen D. Dinh
发明人： William D. Brigham , Nguyen D. Dinh
CPC分类号： B64F5/0054 , B64F5/0063 , F02B3/06
摘要： A single nonfired heat source, such as a diesel engine, drives a hydraulic pump. The hydraulic pump in turn is coupled in a hydraulic circuit with a back-pressure valve which loads the hydraulic pump and hence the diesel engine. The engine also circulates a heat exchanging fluid, such as engine coolant through a second circuit. Water or engine coolant is circulated through the second circuit by means of a pump driven by the diesel engine. An exhaust gas heat exchanger coupled to the exhaust gases from the engine may also be included within the water coolant, the exhaust gases or both, and is then transferred to noncirculating deicing fluid in a storage tank. Heat developed within the hydraulic circuit which loads the engine is also transferred to the noncirculating fluid in the storage tank. The heated noncirculating fluid may be gently stirred to increase heat exchange efficiency and then either pumped directly to the utilization site from the storage tank or pumped in a single pass through a heat exchanger thermally coupled through the water coolant heat exchanger, hydraulic heat exchanger, or both, and then to the utilization site.
摘要翻译： 单个非燃烧热源，例如柴油发动机，驱动液压泵。 液压泵依次与液压回路连接，其中背压阀装载液压泵并因此装载柴油发动机。 发动机还通过第二回路使诸如发动机冷却剂的热交换流体循环。 水或发动机冷却液通过由柴油发动机驱动的泵循环通过第二回路。 与来自发动机的废气相连的排气热交换器也可以包括在水冷却剂，废气或两者内，然后被转移到储罐中的非循环除冰流体中。 在装载发动机的液压回路内产生的热量也转移到储罐中的非循环流体。 加热的非循环流体可以被轻轻搅拌以提高热交换效率，然后直接从储罐泵送到利用部位，或者单次泵送通过热交换器，热交换器通过水冷却剂热交换器，液压热交换器或 两者，然后到利用场所。
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8.发明授权Method and apparatus for extending the duration of operation of a cryogenic pumping system 失效用于延长低温泵送系统的操作持续时间的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4662181A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-05
申请号：US685380
申请日：1984-12-24
申请人： William D. Brigham
发明人： William D. Brigham
CPC分类号： F17C9/00 , F17C2223/0161 , F17C2225/0161 , F17C2227/0135 , F17C2250/032 , F17C2250/0434
摘要： The duration of a pumping operation from a fixed supply of cryogenic liquid is extended by minimizing the amount of cryogenic liquid which is recirculated between a primary cryogenic pump and a storage tank for containing the cryogenic liquid. The primary cryogenic pump is characterized by a minimum necessary net positive suction head at its intake. The net positive suction head of the cryogenic liquid is directly measured at the inlet of the primary cryogenic pump by means of a differential pressure gauge. The total pressure on the cryogenic liquid at the inlet of the primary cryogenic pump is then maintained by means of a cryogenic booster pump to always exceed the measured vapor pressure at the inlet by an amount just equal to the minimum net positive suction head required by the primary cryogenic pump. Therefore, the minimum amount of pressure necessary to allow the primary cryogenic pump to operate is supplied to its inlet and thereby the amount of cryogenic liquid which is circulated from the storage tank to the primary cryogenic pump and then recirculated to the storage tank by means of a return line is minimized. Thus, the amount of energy absorbed by the recirculated cryogenic liquid is similarly minimized and the duration of the pumping operation is extended.
摘要翻译： 来自固定供应的低温液体的泵送操作的持续时间通过最小化在初级低温泵和用于容纳低温液体的储存罐之间再循环的低温液体的量而延长。 初级低温泵的特征在于其入口处具有最小必需的净正吸头。 低温液体的净正吸头通过差压表在初级低温泵的入口处直接测量。 然后通过低温增压泵保持初级低温泵入口处的低温液体的总压力，从而总是超过入口处测得的蒸气压，其量等于由 初级低温泵。 因此，允许初级低温泵运行所需的最小压力量被供应到其入口，从而从储罐向初级低温泵循环并随后通过以下方式再循环到储罐中的低温液体量 返回线最小化。 因此，由再循环的低温液体吸收的能量的量相似地被最小化，从而延长了泵送操作的持续时间。
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公开(公告)号：US4860545A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-29
申请号：US268193
申请日：1988-11-07
CPC分类号： F17C9/00 , F17C13/005 , F17C2201/0128 , F17C2203/032 , F17C2203/0391 , F17C2203/0629 , F17C2227/0135 , F17C2227/0178 , F17C2260/031 , Y10S417/901
摘要： A removable pump assembly for use in a cryogenic storage tank pumps liquid cryogen directly from the primary storage container with low boiloff loss. The cryogenic storage tank has an outer vessel, an inner vessel, an evacuated insulation space therebetween and a access port connecting the inner and outer vessels and providing an open cylindrical access to the interior of the cryogenic tank. A pump mounting tube assembly is disposed into the interior of the inner vessel of the cryogenic tank through the access port and includes an inner pump mounting tube and an outer pump mounting tube which are joined at their upper and lower rims to define an insulating jacket between the two tubes. The inner and outer pump mounting tubes are affixed at their upper ends to a top and bottom plate. The top and bottom plate in turn is affixed to an insulating block. Only the insulating block, which is disposed in the access port of the cryogenic tube, is in contact with any portion of the cryogenic tank. The insulating block provides a poor thermal path and also provides a gas seal between the pump mounting tube and the access port of the cryogenic tank. The pump mounting tube thus defines a long heat path into the cryogenic tank and is insulated from the liquid cryogen by a pocket of trapped gas formed within the inner tube by heating cryogen. A pump is introduced through the inner pump mounting tube and is also insulated against contact with liquid cryogen by the trapped gas. Only the lowermost end of the pump is immersed in cryogen, thereby minimizing heat conduction into the cryogen within the tank.
摘要翻译： 用于低温储存罐的可移除泵组件直接从初级储存容器泵送液体冷冻剂，具有低的沸点损失。 低温储罐具有外容器，内容器，它们之间的抽真空绝缘空间和连接内容器和外容器的进入口，并提供对低温罐内部的开放的圆柱形通路。 泵安装管组件通过进入口设置在低温罐的内容器的内部，并且包括内泵安装管和外泵安装管，它们在其上下边缘处连接以在其间界定绝缘护套 两根管子。 内外泵安装管的上端固定在顶板和底板上。 顶板和底板依次固定在绝缘块上。 只有设置在低温管的进入口中的绝缘块与低温罐的任何部分接触。 绝缘块提供了不良的热路径，并且还在泵安装管和低温罐的进入口之间提供气体密封。 因此，泵安装管限定了进入低温罐的长的热通路，并且通过加热制冷剂在内管中形成的被捕获的气体的袋与液体冷冻剂绝缘。 泵通过内泵安装管引入，并且也被绝缘气体隔绝而不与液体冷冻剂接触。 仅将泵的最下端浸入冷冻剂中，从而最小化罐内冷冻剂的热传导。
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公开(公告)号：US4924679A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-15
申请号：US415787
申请日：1989-10-02
IPC分类号： F16L59/14
CPC分类号： F16L59/141
摘要： A flexible cryogenic hose is comprised of an inner cryogenic tube surrounded by a concentric heat shield, a closed concentric chamber and an outer protective jacket. At normal ambient temperatures the chamber is completely filled with carbon dioxide gas. As cryogenic liquid is pumped through the inner cryogenic tube, heat is transferred from all structures within the hose, including in particular the carbon dioxide gas in the closed chamber, which runs the length of the cryogenic tube. As the carbon dioxide gas is cooled, it liquefies, thereby substantially evacuating the chamber. The chamber has sufficient structural rigidity to avoid collapse at normal atmospheric pressures. After the cryogenic hose is used, cryogenic flow ceases and the hose warms. In warming, carbon dioxide gas in the chamber gassifies and again refills the chamber. As a result, outgassing from flexible or plastic material from which the hose is made into the chamber, while it is evacuated, is substantially avoided even after repeated cycles of use. Materials particularly adapted for use in flexible hoses, which are normally unsuitable because of their outgassing characteristics for use in vacuum insulated hoses, now become satisfactory materials for use.
摘要翻译： 柔性低温软管包括由同心隔热罩围绕的内部低温管，封闭的同心腔和外部保护套。 在正常环境温度下，室内充满二氧化碳气体。 当低温液体被泵送通过内部低温管时，热量从软管内的所有结构传递，特别是封闭腔室内的二氧化碳气体，其长度处于低温管的长度。 当二氧化碳气体被冷却时，其液化，从而基本上排空室。 该室具有足够的结构刚度，以避免在正常大气压力下的塌陷。 在使用低温软管后，低温流动停止，软管加热。 在升温过程中，室内的二氧化碳气体再次充气。 结果，即使在重复的使用循环之后，也可以避免从软管制成的软管在进行抽真空时从软管或塑料材料中脱气。 特别适用于柔性软管的材料由于其在真空绝热软管中的除气特性而通常不合适，现在变得令人满意的使用材料。
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