摘要:
Methods for producing nanostructures from copper-based catalysts on porous substrates, particularly silicon nanowires on carbon-based substrates for use as battery active materials, are provided. Related compositions are also described. In addition, novel methods for production of copper-based catalyst particles are provided. Methods for producing nanostructures from catalyst particles that comprise a gold shell and a core that does not include gold are also provided.
摘要:
Systems and methods of storing and managing data, such as configuration data, in telecommunications systems and devices. The data are stored as objects, each data object having an associated type, and each object type having at least one instance of the data object. Each instance of each data object has a primary key field, which identifies that instance of the data object. Each instance of each data object can have zero or more foreign key fields, each of which can be used to make reference to the primary key of at least one other data object. By employing at least the foreign key fields and the primary keys of the respective data objects, various referential relationships, branching referential relationships, and many-to-many relationships among one or more groups of the object types can be defined and maintained, for use in storing and/or managing the data with increased flexibility and efficiency.
摘要:
A combustible fuel supply system includes a fuel tank, a carburetor and a combustible fuel piping system. The combustible fuel piping system includes a fuel-feeding pipe, a fuel-drawing pipe, a vent pipe, and a switch valve. The fuel-feeding pipe interconnects the carburetor and a lower space of the fuel tank that stores combustible fuel. The fuel-drawing pipe interconnects the carburetor and an upper space of the fuel tank that accommodates air when the lower space stores the combustible fuel. The vent pipe is for fluid communication between the upper space and the exterior of the fuel tank. The switch valve is operable to obstruct fluid flow through at least one of the fuel-feeding pipe, the fuel-drawing pipe and the vent pipe, and is operable to switch between a fuel-feeding state and a fuel-drawing state for obstructing and permitting fluid flow through at least one of the pipes.
摘要:
A catalyst layer for a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly includes a plurality of agglomerates, adjacent ones of the plurality of agglomerates contacting with each other with pores provided between said adjacent ones of the plurality of agglomerates, each of the plurality of agglomerates being formed by packing a plurality of catalysts each consisting of noble metal fine particles supported on a fiber-like support material, adjacent ones of the plurality of catalysts contacting with each other with pores provided between said adjacent ones of the plurality of catalysts, and each of the plurality of catalysts contacting with a plurality of catalysts other than said each catalyst at a plurality of contact points. This allows providing a catalyst layer, a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly, and a fuel cell, each of which has compact size and excellent power generation performance, and a method for producing the same.
摘要:
A direct organic fuel cell includes a fluid fuel comprising formic acid, an anode having an electrocatalyst comprising palladium nanoparticles, a fluid oxidant, a cathode electrically connected to the anode, and an electrolyte interposed between the anode and the cathode.
摘要:
A direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) having a methanol fuel supply, oxidant supply, and its membrane electrode assembly (MEA) formed of an anode electrode and a cathode electrode with a membrane therebetween, a methanol oxidation catalyst adjacent the anode electrode and the membrane, an oxidant reduction catalyst adjacent the cathode electrode and the membrane, comprises an oxidant reduction catalyst layer of a platinum-chromium alloy so that oxidation at the cathode of methanol that crosses from the anode through the membrane to the cathode is reduced with a concomitant increase of net electrical potential at the cathode electrode.
摘要:
Systems and methods of performing real-time data subscription and reporting for telecommunications systems and devices. The systems and methods employ a real-time data aggregation component that can manage subscription requests for real-time data objects stored on the telecommunications systems and devices from one or more users over a network, dynamically start and stop such subscription requests, cache the requested real-time data objects, and supply the real-time data to the respective users. By employing the real-time data aggregation component to handle such subscription requests for data from one or more users, the systems and methods can supply such data, including real-time data, to the respective users, while reducing the overhead on the telecommunications systems and devices and increasing overall system performance.
摘要:
The present invention relates to electrochemical catalyst particles, including nanoparticles, which can be used membrane electrode assemblies and in fuel cells. In exemplary embodiments, the present invention provides electrochemical catalysts supported by various materials. Suitably the catalysts have an atomic ratio of oxygen to a metal in the nanoparticle of about 3 to about 6.
摘要:
The present invention relates to interfacial layers for use m membrane electrode assemblies that comprise nanowire-supported catalysts, and fuel cells comprising such membrane electrode assemblies. The present invention also relates to methods of preparing membrane electrode assemblies and fuel cells comprising interfacial layers and nanowire-supported catalysts.
摘要:
A low contaminant formic acid fuel is especially suited toward use in a direct organic liquid fuel cell. A fuel of the invention provides high power output that is maintained for a substantial time and the fuel is substantially non-flammable. Specific contaminants and contaminant levels have been identified as being deleterious to the performance of a formic acid fuel in a fuel cell, and embodiments of the invention provide low contaminant fuels that have improved performance compared to known commercial bulk grade and commercial purified grade formic acid fuels. Preferred embodiment fuels (and fuel cells containing such fuels) including low levels of a combination of key contaminants, including acetic acid, methyl formate, and methanol.