Abstract:
Fullerenes are a novel material that has been expected to serve as a promising material in the construction of organic devices. However, the electric conductivity of fullerenes, which has been, reported heretofore spreads over a wide range including values corresponding to insulators as well as those corresponding to semiconductors. The present invention makes it possible to improve the conductivity of fullerenes highly reproducibly by heating the fullerenes at a specified temperature in an inert gas which is flowed under a specified condition, that is, by controlling the concentration of impurities, particularly oxygen and water adsorbed to the fullerenes.
Abstract:
In order to isolate and purify an endohedral fullerene, a solvent washing was performed using toluene to concentrate the endohedral fullerene in a residual, but endohedral fullerene could not be efficiently purified because impurities other than the endohedral fullerene could not be sufficiently removed. Thus, the endohedral fullerene is isolated and purified by using a solvent such as chloronaphthalene or tetralin having a high solubility for the endohedral fullerene and concentrating the endohedral fullerene in the solvent. The endohedral fullerene isolated and purified by solvent extraction has a cluster structure where the endohedral fullerene is surrounded with empty fullerenes. Thus, this endohedral fullerene is highly stable and is a useful material applicable to various fields such as medical care and electronics.
Abstract:
A method for compensating changes which would otherwise be produced in a video output signal when the shutter speed exceeds a certain value, even though the same light level of the received image is maintained on the image pickup. In one embodiment, the shutter speed and/or aperture setting are adjusted to compensate. The amplification factor of the output video signal can also be adjusted. In other embodiments, gamma correction is effected separately for each primary color signal to compensate for the changes which affect the color signals in different amounts as the shutter speed is increased.
Abstract:
A function separated type electrophotographic light-sensitive member and a process for production thereof are described, said member comprising an electrically conductive support, a light-sensitive layer made of a hydrogen-doped amorphous silicon semiconductor, and an organic electric charge transport layer containing at least one positive charge transport carrier selected from the group consisting of pyrazolines, aryl-alkanes, arylketones, arylamines and chalcones.
Abstract:
An image forming material comprising a support having thereon a layer composed of a Ge--S composition or a Ge--S--X composition wherein X represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Si, Mg, Ti, V, Mn, Co, Ni, Sn, Zn, Pd, In, Se, Te, Fe, I, P and O which undergoes a structural change capable of being detected optically, electrically or chemically upon exposure imagewise to light wherein the Ge--S or Ge--S--X composition layer has a thickness of at least about 300A and contains therein at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ag, Cu and Pb in an amount of more than 2 atoms of Ag, Cu and/or Pb based on 100 atoms of the Ge--S composition or the Ge--S--X composition.
Abstract:
A planographic printing plate material comprising a support and a light sensitive layer provided on the support, the light-sensitive layer being composed of (A) an inorganic material; (B) at least one metal and/or metal compound [(A)/(B) are capable of reacting with each other upon application of electromagnetic radiation] and (C) an organic compound capable of affecting the reaction between the inorganic material (A) and the metal and/or metal compound (B), wherein the inorganic material (A), the metal or metal compound (B), and the organic compound (C) are in contact with each other. When the light-sensitive layer is exposed to electromagnetic radiation, a difference in the hydrophilic or oleophilic nature of the exposed areas and the unexposed areas results, whereby a planographic printing plate is obtained which can be mounted on a printing machine and printed without any other treatments.
Abstract:
A method for forming an image, which comprises subjecting an image-recording material comprising a metal layer and an inorganic material layer to imagewise exposure by application of electromagnetic radiation, and then heating the exposed material to cause a thermal doping of the unexposed area of the metal layer. This method permits the formation of negative-positive type images. The product finds a wide range of valuable industrial applications, for example, as an ordinary image-recording material, laser recording material, electron beam recording material or microrecording material, and also for producing a print-wiring plate, relief metal plate for relief and lithographic printing, or a master for electrostatic printing.
Abstract:
A disk-recording plate is produced by successively forming an etching layer and a laser-sensitive layer on a substrate. The assembly is exposed to the irradiation of laser beams to selectively remove the laser-sensitive layer and is then subjected to a sputter-etching treatment in an atmosphere of a reactive gas to remove the etching layer at portions corresponding to the removed portions of the laser-sensitive layer. The method permits monitoring of recording, and thus ensures accurate recording with good resolution.
Abstract:
A gas sensor, which is extremely compact to be arranged for separated gas piping in semiconductor device manufacturing equipment, a gas measuring system using such gas sensor, and a gas detection module for the gas measuring system. The gas sensor has a gas detection device containing a dielectric semiconductor, the electric conductivity of the gas detection device varying in response to the degree of adsorption of gases to the gas detection device, a capacitive element connected in series to the gas detection device, and a pair of electrodes which are connected to electric terminals of an electric element comprising the gas detection device and the capacitive element, wherein the gas sensor is capable of detecting the degree of adsorption of gases to the gas detection device from an electrical response to a voltage which is applied to the electrodes and which periodically varies and reverses in polarity.
Abstract:
The invention provides an image forming medium and method, and a recording and playback apparatus in which signals can be recorded on the medium sequentially, similar to a magnetic tape or the like, or simultaneously two dimensionally, similar to a photographic film. The recording medium includes a laminate formed on the surface of a semiconductor substrate having a conductive layer on the undersurface thereof. The laminate is formed of an oxide film, a nitrided film, a photoconductive semiconductor layer and a transparent conductive layer. For recording, an optical image is directed onto the transparent conductive layer while applying a predetermined potential between the transparent conductive layer and the conductive layer.