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公开(公告)号：US5386120A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-31
申请号：US239791
申请日：1994-05-09
CPC分类号： G01J5/34 , H01L37/025
摘要： A film having a unique asymmetrical hysteresis, a method of making, and a method of using such a film in and/or as a device. An example describes a distinctive ferroelectric device as an infrared detector that operates at generally ambient conditions.
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公开(公告)号：US5272341A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-21
申请号：US699635
申请日：1991-07-18
CPC分类号： G01J5/34 , H01L37/025
摘要： A film having a unique asymmetrical hysteresis, a method of making, and a method of using such a film in and/or as a device. An example describes a distinctive ferroelectric device as an infrared detector that operates at generally ambient conditions.
摘要翻译： 具有独特的不对称滞后的薄膜，制造方法，以及在该装置内和/或设备中使用这种薄膜的方法。 一个例子描述了作为在一般环境条件下操作的红外检测器的独特铁电装置。
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公开(公告)号：US4952556A
公开(公告)日：1990-08-28
申请号：US226220
申请日：1988-07-29
CPC分类号： H01L39/2464 , C23C18/06 , C23C18/1208 , C23C18/1283 , C23C18/14 , H01L39/2451 , Y10S430/146
摘要： Patterned films of superconducting materials are formed using focused beam techniques, such as electron beam, ion beam, and laser beam techniques. A solution comprising the neodecanoates of yttrium, barium, and copper is formed which is soluble in an organic solvent. The solution is spun onto an appropriate substrate. The solution is dried and subsequently selectively exposed using focused beam techniques, so that the exposed regions are no longer soluble in the organic solvent. The solution is immersed in the organic solvent, so that the only the exposed, insoluble regions remain on the substrate. The solution is then heated at a temperature sufficient to decompose the neodecanoates, about 500.degree. C., and then heated again, preferably using rapid thermal annealing techniques, to promote recrystallization and grain growth of the remaining metal oxides. The resulting patterned film exhibits superconductive characteristics.
摘要翻译： 使用聚焦束技术形成超导材料的图案化膜，例如电子束，离子束和激光束技术。 形成了可溶于有机溶剂的包含钇，钡和铜的新癸酸的溶液。 将溶液旋转到合适的底物上。 将溶液干燥并随后使用聚焦束技术选择性地暴露，使得暴露区域不再溶于有机溶剂。 将溶液浸入有机溶剂中，使得仅有暴露的不溶性区域保留在基材上。 然后将溶液在足以分解约500℃的新癸酸酯的温度下加热，然后再次加热，优选使用快速热退火技术，以促进剩余金属氧化物的再结晶和晶粒生长。 所得到的图案化膜表现出超导特性。
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4.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07553077B2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-30
申请号：US11761110
申请日：2007-06-11
IPC分类号： G01K7/36
摘要： Systems and methods for determining a temperature of a ferroelectric sensor are provided. The ferroelectric sensor has operational characteristics defined by a polarization versus voltage hysteresis loop. In one exemplary embodiment, the method includes applying a symmetrical periodic voltage waveform to the ferroelectric sensor so as to induce the ferroelectric sensor to traverse the polarization versus voltage hysteresis loop. The method further includes monitoring voltages across the ferroelectric sensor and polarization states of the ferroelectric sensor over a first time interval to determine a first zero field polarization state and a first coercive field voltage. The method further includes determining a first temperature value indicative of the temperature of the ferroelectric sensor based on the first coercive field voltage.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于确定铁电传感器的温度的系统和方法。 铁电传感器具有由极化对电压滞后回路定义的操作特性。 在一个示例性实施例中，该方法包括向铁电传感器施加对称的周期性电压波形，以便诱导铁电传感器穿过偏振相对电压磁滞回线。 该方法还包括在第一时间间隔内监测铁电传感器两端的电压和铁电传感器的极化状态，以确定第一零场极化状态和第一矫顽场电压。 该方法还包括基于第一矫顽场电压来确定指示铁电传感器的温度的第一温度值。
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5.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20080304545A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-11
申请号：US11761110
申请日：2007-06-11
IPC分类号： G01K7/36
摘要： Systems and methods for determining a temperature of a ferroelectric sensor are provided. The ferroelectric sensor has operational characteristics defined by a polarization versus voltage hysteresis loop. In one exemplary embodiment, the method includes applying a symmetrical periodic voltage waveform to the ferroelectric sensor so as to induce the ferroelectric sensor to traverse the polarization versus voltage hysteresis loop. The method further includes monitoring voltages across the ferroelectric sensor and polarization states of the ferroelectric sensor over a first time interval to determine a first zero field polarization state and a first coercive field voltage. The method further includes determining a first temperature value indicative of the temperature of the ferroelectric sensor based on the first coercive field voltage.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于确定铁电传感器的温度的系统和方法。 铁电传感器具有由极化对电压滞后回路定义的操作特性。 在一个示例性实施例中，该方法包括向铁电传感器施加对称的周期性电压波形，以便诱导铁电传感器穿过偏振相对电压磁滞回线。 该方法还包括在第一时间间隔内监测铁电传感器两端的电压和铁电传感器的极化状态，以确定第一零场极化状态和第一矫顽场电压。 该方法还包括基于第一矫顽场电压来确定指示铁电传感器的温度的第一温度值。
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公开(公告)号：US5448067A
公开(公告)日：1995-09-05
申请号：US77280
申请日：1993-06-17
CPC分类号： G01J5/34 , H01L37/025
摘要： A film having a unique asymmetrical hysteresis, a method of making, and a method of using such a film in and/or as a device. An example describes a distinctive ferroelectric device as an infrared detector that operates at generally ambient conditions.
摘要翻译： 具有独特的不对称滞后的薄膜，制造方法，以及在该装置内和/或设备中使用这种薄膜的方法。 一个例子描述了作为在一般环境条件下操作的红外检测器的独特铁电装置。
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7.发明授权Circuit device comprising multiple polarization-graded ferroelectric elements and method of using 有权包括多个偏振梯度铁电元件的电路装置及其使用方法公开(公告)号：US07064950B2
公开(公告)日：2006-06-20
申请号：US10388336
申请日：2003-03-13
IPC分类号： H02H3/00
CPC分类号： H01L41/1132 , H01L37/025
摘要： A circuit device that make use of graded ferroelectric structures and techniques by which such structures can be excited by external and internal stimuli to render the device useful for a variety of circuit applications. The device comprises at least two ferroelectric films, each of the films having a graded dipole moment in a thickness direction normal to the surfaces thereof. The graded dipole moment of each film is effective to produce a change in the dipole charge density, and hence an apparent net charge, on the first and second surfaces of each film when an alternating electric field is applied to the film and additional energy is imparted to the film. By providing an electrical connection between the films, changes in the dipole charge density of the films generated by application of the alternating electric field yield a device charge separation output that differs from the individual changes in the dipole charge density of the films.
摘要翻译： 使用渐变铁电结构的电路器件和通过外部和内部刺激激发这种结构的技术，使得器件可用于各种电路应用。 该装置包括至少两个铁电薄膜，每个薄膜在垂直于其表面的厚度方向上具有梯度偶极矩。 每个膜的梯度偶极矩有效地产生偶极子电荷密度的变化，并且因此在每个膜的第一和第二表面上施加交替电场并赋予额外的能量时的表观净电荷 到电影 通过在膜之间提供电连接，通过施加交变电场产生的膜的偶极电荷密度的变化产生不同于膜的偶极电荷密度的各个变化的器件电荷分离输出。
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公开(公告)号：US07564021B2
公开(公告)日：2009-07-21
申请号：US10546613
申请日：2004-02-20
申请人： Joseph V. Mantese , Norman W. Schubring , Adolph L. Micheli , Carlos Paz De Araujo , Larry McMillan , Jolanta Celinska
发明人： Joseph V. Mantese , Norman W. Schubring , Adolph L. Micheli , Carlos Paz De Araujo , Larry McMillan , Jolanta Celinska
CPC分类号： G01J5/34
摘要： A pyroelectric sensor for determines a charge output of a ferroelectric scene element of the sensor by measuring the hysteresis loop output of the scene element several times during a particular time frame for the same temperature. An external AC signal is applied to the ferroelectric scene element to cause the hysteresis loop output from the element to switch polarization. Charge integration circuitry is employed to measure the charge from the scene element. The ferroelectric of the scene element is made of strontium bismuth tantalate, or derivative thereof, disposed directly between top and bottom electrodes. The polarization of the reference element which is compared to and subtracted from the polarization of the scene element for each cycle. The polarization difference measured for each cycle over a set time period are summed by an integrating amplifier to produce a signal output voltage.
摘要翻译： 一种热电传感器，用于通过在相同温度的特定时间范围内多次测量场景元件的磁滞回线输出来确定传感器的铁电场景元件的电荷输出。 外部交流信号被施加到铁电场景元件以使得从元件输出的磁滞回线转换偏振。 采用电荷积分电路来测量场景元素的电荷。 场景元件的铁电体由直接设置在顶部和底部电极之间的钽酸铋钽或其衍生物制成。 参考元件的极化，与每个周期的场景元素的偏振相比较和减去。 在设定的时间周期内对每个周期测量的偏振差由积分放大器相加以产生信号输出电压。
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公开(公告)号：US20080220542A1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-11
申请号：US11682974
申请日：2007-03-07
IPC分类号： H01B1/02
CPC分类号： C04B35/468 , C04B35/47
摘要： A low-fire ferroelectric composition, includes a lead bismuth titanate compound having a formula represented by: (Bi2O2)x2+(Mm−1TimO3m−1)x2− wherein in represents a number 1 through 5, M represents a combination of bismuth and lead, and x represents a number of cations and anions present in the compound, and a eutectic mixture of lead oxide and bismuth oxide.
摘要翻译： 一种低火铁电组合物，包括具有以下结构式的钛酸铋铅化合物：（Bi 2 O 2 O 2）x （M m-1）Ti 3 O 3 m-1 N 2 O 3（S） 其中，在表示数字1至5的情况下，M表示铋和铅的组合，x表示化合物中存在的阳离子和阴离子数，以及氧化铅和氧化铋的共晶混合物。
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10.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06689287B2
公开(公告)日：2004-02-10
申请号：US10004607
申请日：2001-11-01
IPC分类号： H01L41187
CPC分类号： H01F1/00
摘要： The subject invention includes a composite material comprising a ferroelectric material and a ferromagnetic material having a loss factor (tan &dgr;) for the composite material which includes a dielectric loss factor of the ferroelectric material and a magnetic loss factor of the ferromagnetic material. The composite material achieves the loss factor of from 0 to about 1.0 for a predetermined frequency range greater than 1 MHz. The ferroelectric material has a dielectric loss factor of from 0 to about 0.5 and the ferromagnetic material has a magnetic loss factor of from 0 to about 0.5 for the predetermined frequency range. The ferroelectric material is present in an amount from 10 to 90 parts by volume based on 100 parts by volume of the composite material and the ferromagnetic material is present in an amount from 10 to 90 parts by volume based upon 100 parts by volume of the composite material such that the amount of the ferroelectric material and the ferromagnetic material equals 100 parts by volume.
摘要翻译： 本发明包括一种复合材料，其包括铁电材料和具有复合材料的损耗因子（tanδ）的铁磁材料，其包括铁电材料的介电损耗因子和铁磁材料的磁损耗因子。 复合材料在大于1MHz的预定频率范围内实现了从0到约1.0的损耗因子。 铁电材料的介电损耗因子为0至约0.5，铁磁材料在预定频率范围内具有0至约0.5的磁损耗因子。 基于100体积份的复合材料，铁电材料的存在量为10至90体积份，并且基于100体积份的复合材料，铁磁材料的存在量为10至90体积份 材料使得铁电材料和铁磁材料的量等于100体积份。
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