摘要:
The principal objects of the invention is to provide diamond fine particles with a surface nature so improved as to form a stable, uniform suspension or dispersion in a common medium such as water and alcohol. Another object is to provide an effective technique for producing hydrophilic diamond fine particles by chemically modifying the particle surface nature, while removing at the same time contaminants and foreign materials which coexist with the diamond. In the invention, diamond particles are treated by boiling in the treatment fluid of sulfuric acid solution, which is in particular of concentrated or fuming nature, at a temperature more than 200° C., which is preferably 250° C. or more.
摘要:
Making a diamond substance exhibiting a cathodoluminescence spectrum with the peak at a photon energy greater than 2.8 eV (electron volt), the half-value and 20%-value width not exceeding 0.5 eV and 0.8 eV, respectively, comprising: providing a substrate in a closed chamber, introducing a matrix gas comprising H.sub.2 and one selected from hydrocarbon and CO to said chamber, exciting the gas to create a plasma while heating said substrate to a temperature of at least 700.degree. C. and, thus, causing deposition and growth of diamond substance which is crystallographically diamond, controlling parameters of the deposition by means of the cathodoluminescence record and recovering the diamond substance from the chamber.
摘要:
A method is provided for efficiently producing an entirely quality-controlled CVD diamond. A CVD process is interrupted at an early stage and the deposit is taken out of the reaction chamber, before a significant mass is accumulated, and is inspected by means of cathodoluminescence. The spectrum are compared with a given reference in terms of peak position, half width and 20%-value width in coordination. The observed deviation allows to determine whether to maintain or alter the settings.A diamond substance of acceptable quality which is properly specified in terms of the CL parameters is also provided.
摘要:
A substrate for depositing diamond by CVD, comprising a base body of hard material and a coating layer that holds diamond particles as seed crystal in a matrix and is deposited joined thereto on a surface of said base body, wherein: the seed diamond particles have an average particle size of 1 μm or smaller; the matrix comprises a first metal selected from a first group of Si, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and W and/or a first compound between said first metal and a non-metallic substance selected from boron, carbon and nitrogen, said matrix holding the diamond particles distributed therein; and a joint zone developed as a result of a diffusion process and extending over said base body and coating layer comprises either or both atoms of said first metal and a component metal of the hard material.
摘要:
A substrate for depositing diamond by CVD, comprising a base body of hard material and a coating layer that holds diamond particles as seed crystal in a matrix and is deposited joined thereto on a surface of said base body, wherein: the seed diamond particles have an average particle size of 1 μm or smaller; the matrix comprises a first metal selected from a first group of Si, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo and W and/or a first compound between said first metal and a non-metallic substance selected from boron, carbon and nitrogen, said matrix holding the diamond particles distributed therein; and a joint zone developed as a result of a diffusion process and extending over said base body and coating layer comprises either or both atoms of said first metal and a component metal of the hard material.
摘要:
Diamond abrasive comprising a mass of idiomorphic crystal grits which each have an irregular shaped core of diamond formed under pressure where diamond is thermodynamically favored phase, and a growth layer of diamond and/or diamond-like carbon formed over said core by chemical vapor deposition.
摘要:
A nonaqueous secondary battery comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode both containing a material capable of reversibly intercalating and deintercalating lithium, a nonaqueous electrolyte containing a lithium salt, and a separator, which has at least one protective layer on the negative electrode and/or the positive electrode. The battery has a high discharge potential, satisfactory charge and discharge cycle characteristics, and high safety.
摘要:
A method for production of polycrystalline silicon, comprising: heating a deposition substrate in a reaction vessel of metal, bringing a gaseous silicon hydride close to said substrate, decomposing said silicon hydride, and producing to deposit silicon on the substrate, while the wall of said vessel is regulated in temperature at levels of, approximately, 100.degree. to 450.degree. C. simultaneously with a decrease of 100.degree. to 700.degree. C. from the temperature of said substrate and an apparatus for production of polycrystalline silicon, comprising: a reaction vessel of metallic material closed with a detachable lid, an inlet and an outlet for gas connected to said vessel, a jacket arranged over the substantial part of said vessel to provide an interspace between the jacket and vessel, a closed circuit for a gas consisting partly of said interspace, a two-way temperature controlling means for heating and cooling the gas provided on the circuit, and a deposition substrate of electrical conductive material extending in the vessel axially from the lid.
摘要:
An electrolytic cell for a molten salt comprising alkali- or alkaline earth metal chloride, comprising: an assembly of anode and cathode in opposed relation with each other, a tightly closable vessel containing said assembly and capable of holding in molten state a salt comprising an alkali- or alkaline earth metal chloride, an insulative partition arranged around the anode and extending axially over a height range including the intended bath level, several projections formed to a length on an effective side of the anode opposed to the cathode, said projection having upper and lower surfaces declining outwards so an open bottom-closed top space is provided under each projection, a rise bore formed lengthwise within the anode to run along the axis and a lateral hole in communicating relation with an inward ascent between said space and rise bore.
摘要:
An apparatus for molten salt electrolysis, comprising: an electrolysis chamber which is capable of holding a molten salt of metallic chloride and is closed upwards with a top cover, a cathode placed in said chamber, a lead block of metallic material which runs through the top cover and comprises therealong a bottom-closed axial cavity with inlet and outlet for a fluid coolant connected thereto, said cathode and lead block connected to each other below the bath level to be employed of said salt, and said cavity reaching below said level.