公开(公告)号：US4460923A

公开(公告)日：1984-07-17

申请号：US383841

申请日：1982-06-01

申请人： Akira Hirano ,  Toshio Koga

发明人： Akira Hirano ,  Toshio Koga

IPC分类号： H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/32 ,  H04N7/36 ,  H04N7/12

CPC分类号： H04N19/567 ,  H04N19/152 ,  H04N19/50 ,  H04N19/503 ,  H04N19/51

摘要： In an adaptive predictive coding system for television signals in which one optimum prediction function is selected in block unit from a plurality of prediction functions alloted to a plurality of blocks each consisting of a plurality of picture elements which divide each frame for the television signal and the optimum prediction function is used for predictive coding of the television signal, a motion vector is determined in accordance with both motion vector information and prediction error information, so that the efficiency of coding can be remarkably improved especially where the transmission speed is low.

摘要翻译： 在一种用于电视信号的自适应预测编码系统中，其中从块单元中选择一个最佳预测函数，该多个预测函数分配给多个块，每个块由多个图像元素组成，每个图像元素分割电视信号的每个帧， 最佳预测函数用于电视信号的预测编码，根据运动矢量信息和预测误差信息确定运动矢量，从而可以显着提高编码效率，特别是在传输速度低的情况下。

公开(公告)号：US06344804B1

公开(公告)日：2002-02-05

申请号：US09688833

申请日：2000-10-17

申请人： Toshio Koga

发明人： Toshio Koga

IPC分类号： G08G100

CPC分类号： G07B15/063

摘要： A vehicle-onboard ETC apparatus mounted on a motor vehicle which informs a driver of ETC-relevant information interchanged with an ETC facility installed at a toll gate via an image as well as a voice, and which requires minimal extension of hardware. The apparatus determines and discriminates field intensity for received ETC-relevant information without using any specific measuring apparatus, while outputting the field intensity information as an image or voice. The apparatus includes a communication unit for interchanging toll charge/payment information with the ETC facility of the toll gate when the motor vehicle passes through the toll gate, signal conversion means for converting the received toll charge/payment information into an image signal and a voice signal, a display device for displaying the image signal resulting from the conversion, and a voice signal output unit for outputting the voice signal resulting from the conversion through an audible signal converting unit.

摘要翻译： 安装在机动车辆上的车载ETC装置，其通过图像和语音通知驾驶员将ETC相关信息与安装在收费站上的ETC设备交换并且需要最少的硬件扩展。 该装置在不使用任何特定测量装置的同时确定并鉴别所接收的ETC相关信息的场强，同时输出场强信息作为图像或语音。 该装置包括通信单元，用于当机动车辆通过收费站时，与收费站的ETC设施交换长途费用/支付信息;信号转换装置，用于将收到的费用/支付信息转换成图像信号和语音 信号，用于显示由转换产生的图像信号的显示装置和用于输出通过可听信号转换单元的转换产生的语音信号的语音信号输出单元。

公开(公告)号：US4942476A

公开(公告)日：1990-07-17

申请号：US189138

申请日：1988-05-02

申请人： Toshio Koga ,  Junichi Ohki ,  Mutsumi Ohta ,  Hideto Kunihiro

发明人： Toshio Koga ,  Junichi Ohki ,  Mutsumi Ohta ,  Hideto Kunihiro

IPC分类号： H04N5/92 ,  G11B20/10 ,  H04N5/85 ,  H04N5/926

CPC分类号： H04N5/9262 ,  H04N5/85

摘要： In a recording system, a sequence of image signals obtained from a sequence of images are used to generate and record a sequence of recordable signals on a read only memory. Efficient coding of the received sequence of image signals is carried out through the use of a given parameter which is adaptively and dynamically changed, preferably manually, through a parameter controller acting as the interactive device. The image signals are repeatedly subjected to the efficient coding process. The process uses a sequence of predictive signals to produce coded signals. The predictive signals are displayed on a monitor display device to be monitored by an operator. The operator changes the attributes of the parameter until an optimum image is obtained. The optimum parameter is stored on a magnetic tape. The image signals subjected to the efficient coding enable the production of a sequence of coded image signals which are recorded on the read only memory in synchronism with the optimum parameter, after the optimum image has been obtained.

摘要翻译： 在响应于一系列图像信号以在主图像记录介质上记录一系列记录信号的记录系统中，通过使用通过参数控制器自适应地从一个到另一个改变的参数来执行有效的编码 35）作为人机交互设备。 参考一系列预测值信号V（i），将图像信号重复地提供给记录系统以进行有效编码。 预测值信号显示在监视器显示装置（37）上，由操作者监视。 操作人员可以通过使用最佳参数，观看显示设备，将参数从一个改变到另一个直到显示最佳图像。 最佳参数在磁带（36）上发送。 在获得最佳图像之后，将图像信号经受有效编码成与记录在主图像记录介质上的编码图像信号序列同步的最佳参数。

公开(公告)号：US4684923A

公开(公告)日：1987-08-04

申请号：US774648

申请日：1985-09-11

申请人： Toshio Koga

发明人： Toshio Koga

IPC分类号： G06T9/00 ,  H03M7/48 ,  H04N7/32

CPC分类号： H04N19/93 ,  H03M7/48

摘要： On encoding a cluster and run sequence comprising clusters of non-zero signal elements and runs of zero signal elements into a code sequence with application of a compression encoding scheme selectively to the clusters and without application of the encoding scheme to the runs, a mode code is used to indicate application of the encoding scheme to each selected cluster and to represent a zero signal element next preceding the selected cluster in a next preceding run. In the code sequence, the mode code next precedes a succession of amplitude codes representative of the selected cluster and next succeeds a run length code preferably representative of that run length of the next preceding run from which the next preceding zero signal element is reduced. Alternatively, the mode code may indicate switching between application and non-application of the encoding scheme to partial sequences each of which starts with a cluster next succeeded by a run. In either event, a particular code is preferably used to indicate an end of each run. On decoding, the mode code is detected preferably with reference to the particular code to decide whether or not each amplitude code succession should be decoded according to an expansion decoding scheme which corresponds to the encoding scheme.

摘要翻译： 在对簇进行编码并且将包括非零信号元素的簇和零信号元素的运行序列运行到具有压缩编码方案的代码序列中，并且不对编码方案应用于运行时，模式代码 用于指示编码方案对每个选择的群集的应用，并且在下一个前一个运行中表示在所选群集之前的零信号元素。 在代码序列中，模式代码接着代表所选择的簇的一系列幅度代码，并且接下来成功地运行优先代表下一个前一个运行的运行长度的运行长度代码，下一个前一个零信号单元从该运行长度减少。 或者，模式代码可以指示在编译方案的应用和非应用之间切换到部分序列，每个部分序列以随后的运行接着的群集开始。 在任一情况下，优选地使用特定代码来指示每次运行的结束。 在解码时，优选地，参考特定代码来检测模式码，以根据对应于编码方案的扩展解码方案来决定是否应该对每个幅度码继承进行解码。

公开(公告)号：US4656511A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-07

申请号：US656147

申请日：1984-09-28

申请人： Toshio Koga

发明人： Toshio Koga

IPC分类号： G06T9/00 ,  H04N7/36 ,  H04N7/12

CPC分类号： H04N19/51

摘要： A video signal compression circuit for encoding a video signal to reduce the quantity of video information that is transmitted without loss of information, and a video signal decompressing circuit for recovering the video signal from its compressed coded form. The encoding circuit includes means for dividing the video signal of each television frame into blocks, each block including a plurality of picture elements distributed over several scan lines. The information in each block is analyzed to detect image movement in that block and a movement detection signal corresponding to each block is produced. Thereafter, the movement detection signal is rearranged to have a time sequence which corresponds to the sequential order of the picture elements in the original video signal. With the help of the rearranged movement detection signal, the original video signal is coded in accordance with a predictive-coding scheme into a form which allows it to be transmitted over a television signal carrier. In alternate embodiments, the movement detection signal remains in a time sequence which corresponds to its block form and instead the video signal is converted to have a time sequence which corresponds to the time sequence of the movement detection signal.

摘要翻译： 一种视频信号压缩电路，用于编码视频信号以减少在不丢失信息的情况下发送的视频信息的数量;以及视频信号解压缩电路，用于从其压缩的编码形式中恢复视频信号。 编码电路包括用于将每个电视帧的视频信号划分为块的装置，每个块包括分布在几条扫描线上的多个图像元素。 分析每个块中的信息以检测该块中的图像移动，并且产生对应于每个块的移动检测信号。 此后，将移动检测信号重新排列成具有对应于原始视频信号中的图像元素的顺序的时间序列。 借助于重新布置的移动检测信号，原始视频信号根据预测编码方案被编码成允许其通过电视信号载体传输的形式。 在替代实施例中，移动检测信号保持在对应于其块形式的时间序列中，而视频信号被转换为具有对应于移动检测信号的时间序列的时间序列。

公开(公告)号：US4006297A

公开(公告)日：1977-02-01

申请号：US614986

申请日：1975-09-19

申请人： Toshio Koga

发明人： Toshio Koga

IPC分类号： H04N19/00 ,  H04N7/12

CPC分类号： H04N19/503

摘要： A television signal coding system is designed to avoid any increase in the volume of information transmitted resulting from transmission of unnecessary picture elements, while at the same time reducing the volume of address information required. The picture elements are compared one by one between successive frames, and the magnitude of the frame-to-frame differences is compared with a predetermined threshold value to determine whether the change is significant or not. A predetermined number of consecutive picture elements forms a unit region. A line of horizontal scan is divided into regions, each including a predetermined number of unit regions, and for each of such regions the decision is made as to whether it includes at least one significant unit region or not. Each of the significant regions is further divided, and for each of the resulting divisions the decision is made as to whether it is significant or not. In this manner, each scanning line is divided step by step until a train of significant unit regions is obtained. The code resulting from the several divisions is used as the address information.

摘要翻译： 电视信号编码系统被设计为避免由于不必要的图像元素的传输而导致的信息量的任何增加，同时减少了所需的地址信息量。 在连续帧之间逐个比较图像元素，并且将帧到帧差异的大小与预定阈值进行比较，以确定变化是否显着。 预定数量的连续图像元素形成单位区域。 水平扫描线被划分为各自包括预定数量的单位区域的区域，并且对于这些区域中的每一个，决定其是否包括至少一个有效单元区域。 每个重要地区进一步划分，对于每个结果部门，决定是否重要。 以这种方式，每个扫描线被逐步分割，直到获得一列有效单位区域。 由几个部门产生的代码用作地址信息。

公开(公告)号：US07567919B1

公开(公告)日：2009-07-28

申请号：US09688834

申请日：2000-10-17

申请人： Toshio Koga

发明人： Toshio Koga

IPC分类号： G07B15/00

CPC分类号： G08G1/052 ,  G07B15/063

摘要： A vehicle-onboard ETC apparatus capable of conducting ETC information communication includes a vehicle speed detector for detecting a speed of a motor vehicle which passes through a toll gate station equipped with an ETC system, a communication unit for exchanging ETC information for settlement of toll charge/payment with the toll gate station upon passing therethrough, a measuring unit for measuring reception field intensity of the received ETC information within a communication coverage area, and a decision unit for making decision on the basis of the detected vehicle speed and the measured reception field intensity as to a location within the communication coverage area where ETC information communication can be started while sustaining favorable field intensity for signal reception at the detected vehicle speed, to thereby allow the communication means to perform communication processing on the basis of the result of the above decision.

摘要翻译： 能够进行ETC信息通信的车载ETC装置包括用于检测通过配备有ETC系统的收费站的机动车辆的速度的车速检测器，用于交换ETC信息用于结算收费费用的通信单元 通过后与收费站站台进行支付;测量单元，用于测量通信覆盖区域内接收到的ETC信息的接收场强;以及判定单元，用于根据检测到的车辆速度和测量的接收场地进行判定 在通信覆盖区域内的能够启动ETC信息通信的位置的强度，同时在检测到的车辆速度下维持用于信号接收的有利的场强，从而允许通信装置基于上述结果进行通信处理 决定。

公开(公告)号：US5953064A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-14

申请号：US83705

申请日：1998-05-22

申请人： Yoshiaki Nozawa ,  Toshio Koga

发明人： Yoshiaki Nozawa ,  Toshio Koga

IPC分类号： H04N5/268 ,  G11B27/031 ,  H04N7/24 ,  H04N19/114 ,  H04N19/142 ,  H04N19/172 ,  H04N19/50 ,  H04N19/503 ,  H04N7/32

CPC分类号： H04N21/23424 ,  G11B27/031 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/107

摘要： An image signal encoding system which is capable of correctly encoding an editing image signal before and after switching points of a first input dynamic image signal and a second input dynamic image signal. The image signal encoding system selects, as an editing image signal, one of the first and the second input dynamic image signals, each of which has serial image plane frames to encode the editing image signal. A switching signal is produced which is used to select as the editing image signal one of the first and second input dynamic image signals. An image encoder encodes the editing image signal, using spatial correlation, an initial image plane frame of the editing image signal after a switching time point of selection of the first and second input dynamic image signals. The image encoder encodes, using previous forecast in correlation between two successive image plane frames of the serial image plane frames, a final image plane frame before the switching time point of selection of the first and second input dynamic image signals.

摘要翻译： 一种能够对第一输入动态图像信号和第二输入动态图像信号的切换点之前和之后的编辑图像信号进行正确编码的图像信号编码系统。 图像信号编码系统选择作为编辑图像信号的第一和第二输入动态图像信号中的每一个具有用于对编辑图像信号进行编码的串行图像平面帧。 产生用于选择第一和第二输入动态图像信号之一的编辑图像信号的切换信号。 在选择第一和第二输入动态图像信号的切换时间点之后，图像编码器使用空间相关来编辑编辑图像信号，编辑图像信号的初始图像平面帧。 图像编码器使用在串行图像平面帧的两个连续图像平面帧之间的相关性中的先前预测，在选择第一和第二输入动态图像信号的切换时间点之前的最终图像平面帧进行编码。

公开(公告)号：US5369437A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-29

申请号：US936310

申请日：1992-08-28

申请人： Toshio Koga ,  Masayuki Okajima

发明人： Toshio Koga ,  Masayuki Okajima

IPC分类号： G06T9/00 ,  H04N19/89 ,  H04N7/133 ,  H04N7/137

CPC分类号： H04N19/89 ,  H04N19/61 ,  H04N19/619 ,  H04N19/107

摘要： In the time-varying image signal coding apparatus, a local encoded signal is quantized by a quantizing circuit, and the quantized signal is selected when refreshing is to be accomplished, and subjected to code transformation by a code transform circuit to be transmitted to a time-varying image signal decoding apparatus. The signal supplied from the quantizing circuit is a transform coefficient in the transform region, and this is divided into a plurality of groups to be refreshed on a group-by-group basis. The transfer control on a group-by-group basis when refreshing is to take place is accomplished with a control signal supplied from a switching control circuit, and this control signal also undergoes code transformation by the code transform circuit to be transmitted to the time-varying image signal decoding apparatus. In the time-varying image signal decoding apparatus, in accordance with the switching control signal transmitted from the time-varying image signal coding apparatus, refreshing is achieved by such selection that the transform coefficient to be refreshed is directly written into a frame memory from a code inverse transform circuit. When a time-varying image signal is to be transferred by using interframe transform and transform coding, grouping is achieved by the units to transform coefficient, and frames are rewritten with each group independent of others.

摘要翻译： 在时变图像信号编码装置中，本地编码信号由量化电路量化，并且在刷新完成时选择量化信号，并且通过代码变换电路进行代码变换以发送到时间 变换图像信号解码装置。 从量化电路提供的信号是变换区域中的变换系数，并且将其分组为要逐个刷新的多个组。 通过从切换控制电路提供的控制信号来实现在进行刷新时逐个基于组的传送控制，并且该控制信号也经过代码变换电路进行代码变换以发送到时间 - 可变图像信号解码装置。 在时变图像信号解码装置中，根据从时变图像信号编码装置发送的切换控制信号，通过这样的选择来实现刷新，使得要刷新的变换系数被直接写入帧存储器 代码逆变换电路。 当通过使用帧间变换和变换编码来传输时变图像信号时，通过单元实现转换系数的分组，并且每个组都独立于其他组重写帧。

公开(公告)号：US4982284A

公开(公告)日：1991-01-01

申请号：US372896

申请日：1989-06-28

申请人： Toshio Koga

发明人： Toshio Koga

IPC分类号： H04N7/26 ,  H04N7/32 ,  H04N21/43

CPC分类号： H04N19/00 ,  H04N19/50 ,  H04N21/4302

摘要： In a decoding system for decoding video signals into original video signals, the requirement for an externally-arranged frame synchronizer is avoided. The decoding system itself incorporates a frame synchronization function. In one form, the decoding system comprises a buffer memory for temporarily storing video signals that have coded by a predetermined coding algorithm. A frame sync signal detector detects frame sync signals out of the video signals temporarily stored in the buffer memory and generates sync detection signals. A reference sync signal detector detects reference sync signals provided from outside and generates reference sync detection signals. A decoder is responsive to the frame sync and reference sync detection signals to read the video signals out of the buffer memory and to decode the video signals.

摘要翻译： 在将视频信号解码为原始视频信号的解码系统中，避免了对外部布置的帧同步器的要求。 解码系统本身包含帧同步功能。 在一种形式中，解码系统包括用于临时存储由预定编码算法编码的视频信号的缓冲存储器。 帧同步信号检测器检测临时存储在缓冲存储器中的视频信号中的帧同步信号，并产生同步检测信号。 参考同步信号检测器检测从外部提供的参考同步信号，并产生参考同步检测信号。 解码器响应于帧同步和参考同步检测信号，以将视频信号从缓冲存储器中读出并对视频信号进行解码。