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    Method to electrodeposit metals using ionic liquids
    4.
    发明授权
    Method to electrodeposit metals using ionic liquids 失效
    使用离子液体电沉积金属的方法

    公开(公告)号：US08361300B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-01-29

    申请号：US12279517

    申请日：2007-02-12

    申请人： Boris Kuzmanovic ,  Cornelis Johannes Govardus Van Strien ,  Colin Eric Bartel ,  Michael Zeitler ,  Johanna Christina Speelman

    发明人： Boris Kuzmanovic ,  Cornelis Johannes Govardus Van Strien ,  Colin Eric Bartel ,  Michael Zeitler ,  Johanna Christina Speelman

    IPC分类号： C25D3/00

    CPC分类号： C25D3/665

    摘要： The present invention relates to a method to electroplate or electropolish a metal on a substrate wherein an ionic liquid is selected from the group of N+R1R2R3R4 X− or N+R5R6R7R8 Y− is employed as electrolyte, and a metal salt added to the ionic liquid is employed as the metal source or a metal anode is used as the metal source, wherein any one of R1 to R8 independently represents a hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl group that may be substituted with a group selected from OH, Cl, Br, F, I, phenyl, NH2, CN, NO2, COOR9, CHO, COR9, or OR9, at least one of R5 to R8 is a fatty alkyl chain, and one or more of R5 to R8 can be a (poly)oxyalkylene group wherein the alkylene is a C1 to C4 alkylene and the total number of oxyalkylene units can be from 1 to 50 oxyalkylene units, and at least one of R1 to R8 is a C1 to C4 alkyl chain, R9 is an alkyl or cycloalkyl group, X− is an anion having an N-acyl sulphonylimide anion (—CO—N−—SO2—) functionality, Y− is an anion compatible with the N+R5R6R7R8 ammonium cation, such as a halogenide anion, a carboxylate anion, a sulphate (both organic and inorganic sulphate), sulphonate, carbonate, nitrate, nitrite, thiocyanate, hydroxide, or sulphonylimide anion.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种在基板上电镀或电解金属的方法，其中离子液体选自N + R1R2R3R4X-或N + R5R6R7R8Y-的组，用作电解质，并将金属盐加入到离子 使用液体作为金属源或使用金属阳极作为金属源，其中R 1至R 8中的任何一个独立地表示可以被选自下列基团的氢，烷基，环烷基，芳基或芳烷基取代：OH， Cl，Br，F，I，苯基，NH2，CN，NO2，COOR9，CHO，COR9或OR9，R5至R8中的至少一个为脂肪烷基链，R5至R8中的一个或多个可为（ 聚）氧化烯基，其中亚烷基是C1-C4亚烷基，氧化烯单元的总数可以是1至50个氧化烯单元，并且R 1至R 8中的至少一个是C 1至C 4烷基链，R 9是烷基或 环烷基，X-是具有N-酰基磺酰亚胺阴离子（-CO-N-SO 2 - ）官能团的阴离子，Y-是阴离子 与N + R5R6R7R8铵阳离子如卤化物阴离子，羧酸根阴离子，硫酸盐（有机和无机硫酸盐），磺酸盐，碳酸盐，硝酸盐，亚硝酸盐，硫氰酸盐，氢氧化物或磺酰亚胺阴离子相容。

    Method for Crystallizing Soluble Salts of Divalent Anions from Brine
    5.
    发明申请
    Method for Crystallizing Soluble Salts of Divalent Anions from Brine 有权
    从盐水中结晶二价阴离子的可溶性盐的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20080056981A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-03-06

    申请号：US11666000

    申请日：2005-10-18

    申请人： Gerrald Bargeman ,  Rene Demmer ,  Boris Kuzmanovic ,  Cornelis Van Lare ,  Mateo Mayer ,  Maarten Schutyser ,  Jan Westerink

    发明人： Gerrald Bargeman ,  Rene Demmer ,  Boris Kuzmanovic ,  Cornelis Van Lare ,  Mateo Mayer ,  Maarten Schutyser ,  Jan Westerink

    IPC分类号： C01D3/06

    CPC分类号： C01D3/14 ,  C01D3/16 ,  C01D5/00 ,  C01D7/00 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C02F1/442 ,  C02F1/52 ,  C02F1/66 ,  C02F9/00 ,  C02F2001/5218 ,  C02F2101/10 ,  C02F2101/16 ,  C02F2103/08 ,  Y02A20/131

    摘要： The invention pertains to a method for at least partially removing soluble divalent anions from an aqueous divalent anion-containing brine solution comprising a crystal growth inhibitor (CGI) for the divalent anion, the method comprising the process steps: obtaining a sodium chloride concentration between 100 g/L and saturation in the presence or absence of a CGI for sodium chloride or a sodium chloride concentration above saturation in the presence of a CGI for sodium chloride, and acidifying the solution to a pH below 11.5; subjecting the solution to a membrane filtration step thereby separating the brine solution into a brine stream being supersaturated for the divalent anion (concentrate), and a brine stream being undersaturated for the divalent anion (permeate); subjecting the supersaturated brine stream comprising the crystal growth inhibitor for the divalent anion to a crystallization process, removing crystallized divalent anion; and optionally, recycling the overflow of the crystallizer to the brine solution for subjecting it again to the membrane filtration step.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及从含二价阴离子的含水二价阴离子盐水溶液中至少部分除去可溶性二价阴离子的方法，该方法包括二价阴离子的结晶生长抑制剂（CGI），该方法包括以下步骤：获得100 在存在或不存在用于氯化钠的CGI或在氯化钠的CGI存在下高于饱和的氯化钠浓度的情况下的饱和度，并将溶液酸化至低于11.5的pH; 使溶液进行膜过滤步骤，从而将盐水溶液分离成用于二价阴离子（浓缩物）过饱和的盐水流，并且对于二价阴离子（渗透物）不饱和的盐水流; 将包含结晶生长抑制剂的过饱和盐水流作为二价阴离子进行结晶处理，除去结晶二价阴离子; 并且可选地，将结晶器的溢流器再循环到盐水溶液中，以再次使其进行膜过滤步骤。

    CHELATING AGENT BASED IONIC LIQUIDS, A PROCESS TO PREPARE THEM, AND THEIR USE
    8.
    发明申请
    CHELATING AGENT BASED IONIC LIQUIDS, A PROCESS TO PREPARE THEM, AND THEIR USE 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20100311998A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-12-09

    申请号：US12671667

    申请日：2008-07-31

    申请人： Cornelia Adriana De Wolf ,  Boris Kuzmanovic ,  Johanna Hendrika Bemelaar ,  Cornelis Johannes Govardus Van Strien ,  Martin Heus ,  Antoon Ten Kate

    发明人： Cornelia Adriana De Wolf ,  Boris Kuzmanovic ,  Johanna Hendrika Bemelaar ,  Cornelis Johannes Govardus Van Strien ,  Martin Heus ,  Antoon Ten Kate

    IPC分类号： C07F5/06 ,  C07C229/26 ,  C07F11/00 ,  C07C229/46

    CPC分类号： C07C229/16 ,  C07C211/63 ,  C07C215/40 ,  C07C229/76 ,  C07F9/5407

    摘要： The present invention relates to ionic liquids of the formula: (Mm+)xH+ynN+R1R2R3R4Z—N(—CHXCOO−)pY2-p or (Mm+)xH+ynP+R1R2R3R4Z—N(—CHXCOO−)pY2-p wherein any one of R1 to R4 independently represents a hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl group that may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more groups selected from OH, Cl, Br, F, I, phenyl, NH2, CN, NO2, an ether group, COOR5, CHO, COR5 or OR5, wherein R5 is an alkyl or cycloalkyl group, and wherein two of the groups R1 to R4 together with the N atom may form a heteroaromatic or heterocyclic group such as a pyridinium, pyrrolidinium or imidazolium group; the Z—N(—CHXCOO−)pY2-p is the anion derived from a chelating agent, wherein Z is a group selected from hydrogen, alkyl, an alkyl group optionally substituted with one or more carboxylate groups, hydroxyl groups and/or optionally containing one or more ether functionalities, or Z is a group of the formula —CH2—CHR6—R7—N—(CH2COO−)2, R6 is hydrogen or a C1-C3 alkyl group, R7 is a single bond, a C1-C3 alkylene group or one or more groups of the formula —N(CH2COO−)—CH2—CHR6—R8—, R8 is a single bond or a C1-C3 alkylene group, p is 2 or 1, X is H, an aryl group that may be unsubstituted or substituted with an OH and/or CH3 substituent, or CH2COO−, and when p is 1, Y is H, a benzyl group that may be unsubstituted or substituted with an OH and/or CH3 group, or a phenyl group that may be unsubstituted or substituted with an OH and/or CH3 substituent, Mm+ is a m-valent metal cation, n is 1 or higher, x is from 0 to 5, y is from 0 to 3, the total positive charge of (Mm+)x, H+y, and nN+R1R2R3R4 or nP+R1R2R3R4 equals the negative charge of the Z—N(—CHXCOO−)pY2-p anion, wherein at least one of the following conditions is fulfilled: i) the chelating agent has a connectivity index 1X/3X of below 2.17, ii) at least two different cations are present in the salt, whereby a proton cation does not count as one of the at least two, iii) at least one cation is a bivalent, trivalent, tetravalent or pentavalent cation, and having a melting point below 120° C. The invention further relates to a process to prepare them and their use.