公开(公告)号：US20060219889A1

公开(公告)日：2006-10-05

申请号：US11097855

申请日：2005-03-31

申请人： Alexandre Shvartsburg ,  Keqi Tang ,  Richard Smith

发明人： Alexandre Shvartsburg ,  Keqi Tang ,  Richard Smith

IPC分类号： B01D59/44

CPC分类号： G01N27/624 ,  H01J49/004 ,  H01J49/40

摘要： Techniques and instrumentation are described for analyses of substances, including complex samples/mixtures that require separation prior to characterization of individual components. A method is disclosed for separation of ion mixtures and identification of ions, including protein and other macromolecular ions and their different structural isomers. Analyte ions are not free to rotate during the separation, but are substantially oriented with respect to the drift direction. Alignment is achieved by applying, at a particular angle to the drift field, a much stronger alternating electric field that “locks” the ion dipoles with moments exceeding a certain value. That value depends on the buffer gas composition, pressure, and temperature, but may be as low as ˜3 Debye under certain conditions. The presently disclosed method measures the direction-specific cross-sections that provide the structural information complementing that obtained from known methods, and, when coupled to those methods, increases the total peak capacity and specificity of gas-phase separations. Simultaneous 2-D separations by direction-specific cross sections along and orthogonally to the ion dipole direction are also possible.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于分析物质的技术和仪器，包括在表征单个组分之前需要分离的复杂样品/混合物。 公开了用于分离离子混合物和鉴定离子的方法，包括蛋白质和其它大分子离子及其不同的结构异构体。 分离离子在分离期间不能自由旋转，而是基本上相对于漂移方向取向。 通过以特定的角度对漂移场施加更强的交变电场来实现对准，所述交变电场通过超过一定值的力矩“锁定”离子偶极子。 该值取决于缓冲气体组成，压力和温度，但在某些条件下可能低至〜3德拜。 目前公开的方法测量提供与已知方法获得的结构信息互补的方向特异性横截面，并且当与这些方法耦合时，增加气相分离的总峰容量和特异性。 沿垂直于离子偶极方向的方向特定横截面同时进行2-D分离也是可能的。

公开(公告)号：US20070200059A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-30

申请号：US11361264

申请日：2006-02-24

申请人： Keqi Tang ,  Alexandre Shvartsburg ,  Richard Smith

发明人： Keqi Tang ,  Alexandre Shvartsburg ,  Richard Smith

IPC分类号： H01J49/06

CPC分类号： H01J49/067

摘要： The invention discloses a new interface with non-circular conductance limit aperture(s) useful for effective transmission of non-circular ion beams between stages with different gas pressure. In particular, the invention provides an improved coupling of field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) analyzers of planar or side-to-side geometry to downstream stages such as mass spectrometry or ion mobility spectrometry. In this case, the non-circular aperture is rectangular; other geometries may be optimum in other applications. In the preferred embodiment, the non-circular aperture interface is followed by an electrodynamic ion funnel that may focus wide ion beams of any shape into tight circular beams with virtually no losses. The jet disrupter element of the funnel may also have a non-circular geometry, matching the shape of arriving ion beam. The improved sensitivity of planar FAIMS/MS has been demonstrated in experiments using a non-contiguous elongated aperture but other embodiments (e.g., with a contiguous slit aperture) may be preferable, especially in conjunction with an ion funnel operated at high pressures.

摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种具有非圆形电导限制孔径的新界面，其可用于在具有不同气体压力的级之间有效地传输非圆形离子束。 特别地，本发明提供了平面或侧对面几何的场非对称波形离子淌度光谱（FAIMS）分析仪与诸如质谱或离子淌度光谱法的下游阶段的改进的耦合。 在这种情况下，非圆形孔是矩形的; 其他几何形状在其他应用中可能是最佳的。 在优选实施例中，非圆形孔径界面之后是电动离子漏斗，其可将任何形状的宽离子束聚焦成紧密的圆形梁，实际上没有损失。 漏斗的喷射破坏器元件也可以具有与到达的离子束的形状匹配的非圆形几何形状。 已经在使用不连续的细长孔的实验中证明了平面FAIMS / MS的改进的灵敏度，但是其它实施例（例如，具有连续的狭缝孔）可能是优选的，特别是与在高压下操作的离子漏斗相结合。

公开(公告)号：US20060226353A1

公开(公告)日：2006-10-12

申请号：US11103984

申请日：2005-04-11

申请人： Keqi Tang ,  Alexandre Shvartsburg ,  Richard Smith

发明人： Keqi Tang ,  Alexandre Shvartsburg ,  Richard Smith

IPC分类号： H01J49/40

CPC分类号： G01N27/624 ,  H01J49/004

摘要： The present invention relates to a device for separation and characterization of gas-phase ions. The device incorporates an ion source, a field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) analyzer, an ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) drift tube, and an ion detector. In one aspect of the invention, FAIMS operating voltages are electrically floated on top of the IMS drift voltage. In the other aspect, the FAIMS/IMS interface is implemented employing an electrodynamic ion funnel, including in particular an hourglass ion funnel. The present invention improves the efficiency (peak capacity) and sensitivity of gas-phase separations; the online FAIMS/IMS coupling creates a fundamentally novel two-dimensional gas-phase separation technology with high peak capacity, specificity, and exceptional throughput.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及气相离子的分离和表征装置。 该装置包括离子源，场非对称波形离子迁移谱（FAIMS）分析仪，离子迁移谱（IMS）漂移管和离子检测器。 在本发明的一个方面，FAIMS工作电压在IMS漂移电压的顶部被浮动。 另一方面，使用电动离子漏斗实现FAIMS / IMS接口，特别包括沙漏离子漏斗。 本发明提高气相分离的效率（峰值容量）和灵敏度; 在线FAIMS / IMS耦合产生了具有高峰值容量，特异性和卓越吞吐量的基本上新颖的二维气相分离技术。

公开(公告)号：US20050092918A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-05

申请号：US10933661

申请日：2004-09-02

申请人： Richard Smith ,  Keqi Tang ,  Alexandre Shvartsburg

发明人： Richard Smith ,  Keqi Tang ,  Alexandre Shvartsburg

IPC分类号： G01N27/64 ,  H01J49/02 ,  H01J49/04 ,  H01J49/06 ,  H01J49/16 ,  H01J49/40 ,  H01J49/42

CPC分类号： H01J49/066 ,  G01N27/622 ,  H01J49/40

摘要： A method and apparatus enabling increased sensitivity in ion mobility spectrometry/mass spectrometry instruments which substantially reduces or eliminates the loss of ions in ion mobility spectrometer drift tubes utilizing a device for transmitting ions from an ion source which allows the transmission of ions without significant delay to an hourglass electrodynamic ion funnel at the entrance to the drift tube and/or an internal ion funnel at the exit of the drift tube. An hourglass electrodynamic funnel is formed of at least an entry element, a center element, and an exit element, wherein the aperture of the center element is smaller than the aperture of the entry element and the aperture of the exit elements. Ions generated in a relatively high pressure region by an ion source at the exterior of the hourglass electrodynamic funnel are transmitted to a relatively low pressure region at the entrance of the hourglass funnel through a conductance limiting orifice. Alternating and direct electrical potentials are applied to the elements of the hourglass electrodynamic funnel thereby drawing ions into and through the hourglass electrodynamic funnel thereby introducing relatively large quantities of ions into the drift tube while maintaining the gas pressure and composition at the interior of the drift tube as distinct from those at the entrance of the electrodynamic funnel and allowing a positive gas pressure to be maintained within the drift tube, if desired. An internal ion funnel is provided within the drift tube and is positioned at the exit of said drift tube. The advantage of the internal ion funnel is that ions that are dispersed away from the exit aperture within the drift tube, such as those that are typically lost in conventional drift tubes to any subsequent analysis or measurement, are instead directed through the exit of the drift tube, vastly increasing the amount of ions exiting the drift tube.

公开(公告)号：US20070194224A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-23

申请号：US11346799

申请日：2006-02-02

申请人： Keqi Tang ,  Jason Page ,  Quanzhou Luo ,  Richard Smith

发明人： Keqi Tang ,  Jason Page ,  Quanzhou Luo ,  Richard Smith

IPC分类号： H01J49/10

CPC分类号： H01J49/167 ,  G01N30/7266

摘要： Electrospray ionization (ESI) apparatuses and methods of making the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, an ESI emitter comprises a capillary tube filled with a porous monolithic material, wherein the end of the emitter is tapered and the tip of the tapered end comprises a protrusion of the porous monolithic material. One embodiment of the method for making ESI emitters comprises filling a capillary tube with a porous monolithic material and tapering the end of the capillary tube, thereby exposing a portion of the porous material. The exposed portion of the porous material at the tapered end, rather than the capillary tube itself, forms the tip of the ESI emitter.

摘要翻译： 公开了电喷雾离子化（ESI）装置及其制备方法。 在一个实施例中，ESI发射器包括填充有多孔整体材料的毛细管，其中发射器的端部是锥形的，锥形末端包括多孔整体材料的突起。 用于制备ESI发射器的方法的一个实施例包括用多孔整体材料填充毛细管并使毛细管的端部逐渐变细，由此暴露多孔材料的一部分。 锥形端部的多孔材料的暴露部分而不是毛细管本身形成ESI发射体的尖端。

公开(公告)号：US20070235408A1

公开(公告)日：2007-10-11

申请号：US11394840

申请日：2006-03-31

申请人： Ryan Kelly ,  Jason Page ,  Keqi Tang ,  Richard Smith

发明人： Ryan Kelly ,  Jason Page ,  Keqi Tang ,  Richard Smith

IPC分类号： B32B1/08 ,  B44C1/22

CPC分类号： H01J49/167

摘要： Methods of forming electrospray ionization emitter tips are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, an end portion of a capillary tube can be immersed into an etchant, wherein the etchant forms a concave meniscus on the outer surface of the capillary. Variable etching rates in the meniscus can cause an external taper to form. While etching the outer surface of the capillary wall, a fluid can be flowed through the interior of the capillary tube. Etching continues until the immersed portion of the capillary tube is completely etched away.

摘要翻译： 本文公开了形成电喷雾电离发射器尖端的方法。 在一个实施例中，毛细管的端部可以浸入蚀刻剂中，其中蚀刻剂在毛细管的外表面上形成凹弯月面。 弯液面中的可变蚀刻速率可能导致形成外部锥度。 在蚀刻毛细管壁的外表面时，流体可以流过毛细管的内部。 继续蚀刻直到毛细管的浸入部分被完全蚀刻掉。

公开(公告)号：US20150357174A1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-10

申请号：US14733517

申请日：2015-06-08

申请人： Yehia M. Ibrahim ,  Tsung-Chi Chen ,  Marques B. Harrer ,  Keqi Tang ,  Richard D. Smith

发明人： Yehia M. Ibrahim ,  Tsung-Chi Chen ,  Marques B. Harrer ,  Keqi Tang ,  Richard D. Smith

IPC分类号： H01J49/06

CPC分类号： H01J49/066

摘要： An ion funnel device is disclosed. A first pair of electrodes is positioned in a first direction. A second pair of electrodes is positioned in a second direction. The device includes an RF voltage source and a DC voltage source. A RF voltage with a superimposed DC voltage gradient is applied to the first pair of electrodes, and a DC voltage gradient is applied to the second pair of electrodes.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种离子漏斗装置。 第一对电极位于第一方向。 第二对电极位于第二方向。 该器件包括一个RF电压源和一个直流电压源。 将具有叠加的DC电压梯度的RF电压施加到第一对电极，并且将直流电压梯度施加到第二对电极。

公开(公告)号：US20130299690A1

公开(公告)日：2013-11-14

申请号：US13861511

申请日：2013-04-12

申请人： Alexandre A. Shvartsburg ,  Keqi Tang ,  Richard D. Smith

发明人： Alexandre A. Shvartsburg ,  Keqi Tang ,  Richard D. Smith

IPC分类号： H01J49/00

CPC分类号： H01J49/0031 ,  G01N27/622

摘要： A method for raising the resolving power, specificity, and peak capacity of conventional ion mobility spectrometry is disclosed. Ions are separated in a dynamic electric field comprising an oscillatory field wave and opposing static field, or at least two counter propagating waves with different parameters (amplitude, profile, frequency, or speed). As the functional dependencies of mean drift velocity on the ion mobility in a wave and static field or in unequal waves differ, only single species is equilibrated while others drift in either direction and are mobility-separated. An ion mobility spectrum over a limited range is then acquired by measuring ion drift times through a fixed distance inside the gas-filled enclosure. The resolving power in the vicinity of equilibrium mobility substantially exceeds that for known traveling-wave or drift-tube IMS separations, with spectra over wider ranges obtainable by stitching multiple segments. The approach also enables low-cutoff, high-cutoff, and bandpass ion mobility filters.

摘要翻译： 公开了提高常规离子迁移光谱法的分辨能力，特异性和峰值能力的方法。 离子在包括振荡场波和相对静电场的动态电场中分离，或至少两个具有不同参数（幅度，分布，频率或速度）的反向传播波。 由于平均漂移速度对波和静电场或不相等波的离子迁移率的功能依赖性不同，只有单个物质平衡，而其他物质在任一方向上漂移并且是迁移率分离的。 然后通过在充满气体的外壳内的固定距离测量离子漂移时间来获得在有限范围内的离子迁移谱。 在平衡迁移附近的分辨能力基本上超过已知的行波或漂移管IMS分离的分辨能力，其中可以通过缝合多个段获得更宽范围的光谱。 该方法还可实现低截止，高截止和带通离子迁移率滤波器。

公开(公告)号：US20100207022A1

公开(公告)日：2010-08-19

申请号：US12690818

申请日：2010-01-20

申请人： Keqi Tang ,  Alexandre A. Shvartsburg ,  Richard D. Smith

发明人： Keqi Tang ,  Alexandre A. Shvartsburg ,  Richard D. Smith

IPC分类号： H01J49/04 ,  H01J49/26 ,  H01J49/02

CPC分类号： G01N27/624

摘要： A differential ion mobility spectrometry or field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) platform is disclosed that utilizes both gas flow and electric field, consecutively or simultaneously, to move ions through the analytical gap. The consecutive combination of flow and field enables rapid and flexible switching of the FAIMS stage “on” (for ion separation) and “off” (for high non-selective transmission) with no hardware modifications. This capability is needed for effective use of multidimensional instrument systems that couple FAIMS to mass spectrometry and/or conventional ion mobility spectrometry. The joint application of flow and field allows controlling the discrimination against high-mobility ions, maximizing it to remove the chemical noise or minimizing it to make the analyses of complex samples more predictable and uniform.

摘要翻译： 公开了差分离子迁移谱或场非对称波形离子迁移谱（FAIMS）平台，其利用气流和电场连续或同时地将离子移动通过分析间隙。 流程和现场的连续组合使得无需硬件修改即可快速灵活地切换FAIMS阶段（离子分离）和“关闭”（用于高非选择性传输）。 需要这种能力来有效利用将FAIMS耦合到质谱和/或常规离子迁移谱的多维仪器系统。 流量和场的联合应用允许控制对高迁移率离子的鉴别，使其最大化以消除化学噪声或使其最小化，使得复杂样品的分析更可预测和均匀。

公开(公告)号：US20090108194A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-30

申请号：US11251529

申请日：2005-09-30

申请人： Jason S. Page ,  Keqi Tang ,  Richard D. Smith

发明人： Jason S. Page ,  Keqi Tang ,  Richard D. Smith

IPC分类号： B01D59/44

CPC分类号： H01J49/066 ,  G01N27/622

摘要： An adjustable, low mass-to-charge (m/z) filter is disclosed employing electrospray ionization to block ions associated with unwanted low m/z species from entering the mass spectrometer and contributing their space charge to down-stream ion accumulation steps. The low-mass filter is made by using an adjustable potential energy barrier from the conductance limiting terminal electrode of an electrodynamic ion funnel, which prohibits species with higher ion mobilities from being transmitted. The filter provides a linear voltage adjustment of low-mass filtering from m/z values from about 50 to about 500. Mass filtering above m/z 500 can also be performed; however, higher m/z species are attenuated. The mass filter was evaluated with a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of an albumin tryptic digest and resulted in the ability to block low-mass, “background” ions which account for 40-70% of the total ion current from the ESI source during peak elution.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种可调节的低质量 - 电荷（m / z）滤波器，其使用电喷雾电离来阻挡与不想要的低m / z物质相关的离子进入质谱仪并且为下游离子累积步骤贡献其空间电荷。 低质量过滤器通过使用来自电动离子漏斗的电导限制端子电极的可调势势垒来制造，其阻止具有较高离子迁移率的物质被传输。 滤波器提供从大约50到大约500的m / z值的低质量滤波的线性电压调节。也可以执行m / z 500以上的质量过滤; 然而，更高的m / z物种减弱。 通过对白蛋白胰蛋白酶消化物的液相色谱 - 质谱分析来评估质量过滤器，并且导致阻断低质量“背景”离子的能力，其占离子源的总离子电流的40-70％ 峰洗脱。