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公开(公告)号：US06284979B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-04
申请号：US08851719
申请日：1997-05-05
申请人： Alexis P. Malozemoff , Gregory L. Snitchler , William L. Barnes , Alexander Otto , Gilbert N. Riley, Jr. , Jeffrey M. Seuntjens
发明人： Alexis P. Malozemoff , Gregory L. Snitchler , William L. Barnes , Alexander Otto , Gilbert N. Riley, Jr. , Jeffrey M. Seuntjens
IPC分类号： H01B1210
CPC分类号： H01L39/143
摘要： A cabled conductor is provided for use in a cryogenically cooled circuit including refrigeration having a predetermined operating temperature and efficiency. The conductor includes multiple conductor strands cabled about the longitudinal axis of the conductor at a preselected cabling period, each strand including a composite of superconducting ceramic in intimate contact with conductive matrix material. Each filament has high performance regions in which the filament material is well-textured with its preferred direction aligned perpendicular to the widest longitudinal cross-section of the conductor alternating with poorly superconducting regions which are at least about half the diameter of a filament in length and in which the superconducting ceramic filament is strained by transposition in excess of its critical strain limit. In the poorly superconducting regions, the conductive matrix material provides an alternate current path. The ratio of the average length of the poorly superconducting regions to the preselected cabling period is less than about (&rgr;300e/&rgr;oe)&egr;E, where &rgr;oe is the resistivity of the composite at the operating temperature; &rgr;300e is the resistivity of the composite at 300 Kelvins; and &egr; is the predetermined efficiency of the refrigeration means at its operating temperature. In the preferred embodiment, this ratio is less than 1:4, and preferably less than 1:20.
摘要翻译： 提供一种用于低温冷却回路中的电缆导体，包括具有预定工作温度和效率的制冷。 导体包括在预选布线周期围绕导体的纵向轴线布置的多个导线，每个线包括与导电基体材料紧密接触的超导陶瓷的复合材料。 每个灯丝具有高性能区域，其中长丝材料具有良好的织构，其优选的方向垂直于导体的最宽纵向横截面排列，与导体长度的至少约一半长度的不良超导区交替， 其中超导陶瓷细丝通过转移超过其临界应变极限而变形。 在较差的超导区域中，导电基体材料提供了交替的电流路径。 不良超导区域的平均长度与预选布线周期的比值小于约（rho300e / rhooe）epsiE，其中r为复合材料在工作温度下的电阻率; rho300e是300 Kelvins的复合材料的电阻率; 而epsi是制冷装置在其工作温度下的预定效率。 在优选实施方案中，该比率小于1:4，优选小于1:20。
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公开(公告)号：US06194352B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-27
申请号：US08553184
申请日：1995-11-07
申请人： Gilbert N. Riley, Jr. , Jeffrey M. Seuntjens , William L. Barnes , Gregory L. Snitchler , Alexander Otto
发明人： Gilbert N. Riley, Jr. , Jeffrey M. Seuntjens , William L. Barnes , Gregory L. Snitchler , Alexander Otto
IPC分类号： H01B1202
CPC分类号： H01L39/248 , H01F6/06 , H01F41/063 , H01F41/069 , Y10S505/74
摘要： A method for preparing an oxide superconductor cable includes transposing a plurality of oxide superconductor strands along a longitudinal axis so as to form a cable and exposing the cable to a two step heat treatment after cabling of the oxide strands, the heat treatment comprising, (a) heating the cable to and maintaining the cable at a first temperature sufficient to partially melt the article, such that a liquid phase co-exists with the desired oxide superconductor phase; and (b) cooling the cable to and maintaining the cable at a second temperature sufficient to substantially transform the liquid phase into the desired oxide superconductor. The oxide superconductor multistrand cable includes a plurality of oxide superconductor strands, each of the strands including an oxide superconductor having an irreversible melt characteristic, wherein the plurality of oxide strands are transposed about a longitudinal axis, such that each of the strands are substantially electrically and substantially mechanically isolated; and wherein the cable exhibits critical transport properties (Jc) of at least about 10,000 A/cm2 at 77K, self field.
摘要翻译： 制备氧化物超导体电缆的方法包括沿着纵向轴线转置多个氧化物超导体股线，以形成电缆，并且在电缆穿过氧化物线束之后将电缆暴露于两步热处理，该热处理包括：（a 将电缆加热并将电缆保持在足以部分熔化制品的第一温度，使得液相与期望的氧化物超导体相共存; 和（b）将电缆冷却到并将电缆保持在足以基本上将液相转变成所需氧化物超导体的第二温度。 氧化物超导体多股线缆包括多个氧化物超导体股线，每个股线包括具有不可逆熔融特性的氧化物超导体，其中多个氧化物股线围绕纵向轴线转置，使得每根股线基本上电气和 基本上机械隔离; 并且其中所述电缆在77K处表现出至少约10,000A / cm 2的临界传输特性（Jc）。
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3.发明授权Method for making cabled conductors containing anisotropic superconducting compounds 失效制造含各向异性超导化合物的电缆导体的方法公开(公告)号：US06247225B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-19
申请号：US08554814
申请日：1995-11-07
IPC分类号： H01L3924
CPC分类号： H01L39/143 , H01L39/248 , Y10S505/884 , Y10S505/926 , Y10T29/49014
摘要： A cabled conductor comprises a plurality of transposed strands each comprising one or more preferably twisted filaments preferably surrounded or supported by a matrix material and comprising textured anisotropic superconducting compounds which have crystallographic grain alignment that is substantially unidirectional and independent of the rotational orientation of the strands and filaments in the cabled conductor. The cabled conductor is made by forming a plurality of suitable composite strands, forming a cabled intermediate from the strands by transposing them about the longitudinal axis of the conductor at a preselected strand lay pitch, and, texturing the strands in one or more steps including at least one step involving application of a texturing process with a primary component directed orthogonal to the widest longitudinal cross-section of the cabled intermediate, at least one such orthogonal texturing step occurring subsequent to said strand transposition step. In a preferred embodiment, the filament cross-section, filament twist pitch, and strand lay pitch are cooperatively selected to provide a filament transposition area which is always at least ten times the preferred direction area of a typical grain of the desired anisotropic superconducting compound. For materials requiring biaxial texture, the texturing step preferably includes application of a texturing process with a second primary component in a predetermined direction in the plane of the widest longitudinal cross-section of the conductor.
摘要翻译： 电缆导体包括多个转置的绞合线，每个绞合线包括一个或多个优选的绞合长丝，优选地被基质材料包围或支撑，并且包括纹理各向异性超导化合物，其具有基本上单向且不依赖于线的旋转取向的晶体取向， 电缆导体中的细丝。 电缆导体通过形成多个合适的复合线材制成，通过以预选的绞线间距将导体的纵向轴线绕它们绕导体的纵向轴线形成缆线中间体，并且以一个或多个步骤将绞合线组织包括在 至少一个步骤涉及使用与所述有线中间件的最宽纵向横截面垂直的主要部件进行纹理化处理，在所述链转置步骤之后发生的至少一个这样的正交纹理化步骤。 在优选的实施方案中，协调地选择细丝横截面，长丝扭曲节距和绞线间距，以提供总是至少是所需各向异性超导化合物的典型颗粒的优选方向面积的十倍的细丝转置区域。 对于需要双轴纹理的材料，纹理化步骤优选地包括在导体的最宽纵向截面的平面中沿预定方向施加具有第二主要部件的纹理处理。
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公开(公告)号：US06906265B2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-14
申请号：US09769705
申请日：2001-01-25
CPC分类号： H01L39/143 , H01L39/248 , Y10S505/884 , Y10S505/926 , Y10T29/49014
摘要： A cabled conductor comprises a plurality of transposed strands each comprising one or more preferably twisted filaments preferably surrounded or supported by a matrix material and comprising textured anisotropic superconducting compounds which have crystallographic grain alignment that is substantially unidirectional and independent of the rotational orientation of the strands and filaments in the cabled conductors. The cabled conductor is made by forming a plurality of suitable composite strands, forming a cabled intermediate from the strands by transposing them about the longitudinal axis of the conductor at a preselected strand lay pitch, and, texturing the strands in one or more steps including at least one step involving application of a texturing process with a primary component directed orthogonal to the widest longitudinal cross-section of the cabled intermediate, at least one such orthogonal texturing step occurring subsequent to said strand transposition step. In a preferred embodiment, the filament cross-section, filament twist pitch, and strand lay pitch are cooperatively selected to provide a filament transposition area which is always at least ten times the preferred direction area of a typical grain of the desired anisotropic superconducting compound. For materials requiring biaxial texture, the texturing step preferably includes application of a texturing process with a second primary component in a predetermined direction in the plane of the widest longitudinal cross-section of the conductor.
摘要翻译： 电缆导体包括多个转置的绞合线，每个绞合线包括一个或多个优选的绞合长丝，优选地被基体材料包围或支撑，并且包括纹理各向异性超导化合物，其具有基本上单向且不依赖于线的旋转取向的晶体取向， 电缆导体中的细丝。 电缆导体通过形成多个合适的复合线材制成，通过以预选的绞线间距将导体的纵向轴线绕它们绕导体的纵向轴线形成缆线中间体，并且以一个或多个步骤将绞合线组织包括在 至少一个步骤涉及使用与所述有线中间件的最宽纵向横截面垂直的主要部件进行纹理化处理，在所述链转置步骤之后发生的至少一个这样的正交纹理化步骤。 在优选的实施方案中，协调地选择细丝横截面，长丝扭曲节距和绞线间距，以提供总是至少是所需各向异性超导化合物的典型颗粒的优选方向面积的十倍的细丝转置区域。 对于需要双轴纹理的材料，纹理化步骤优选地包括在导体的最宽纵向截面的平面中沿预定方向施加具有第二主要部件的纹理处理。
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5.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06397454B1
公开(公告)日：2002-06-04
申请号：US08719987
申请日：1996-09-25
申请人： Jeffrey M. Seuntjens , Craig J. Christopherson , Gregory L. Snitchler , William L. Barnes , Kenneth DeMoranville
发明人： Jeffrey M. Seuntjens , Craig J. Christopherson , Gregory L. Snitchler , William L. Barnes , Kenneth DeMoranville
IPC分类号： H01L3924
CPC分类号： H01L39/248 , H01L39/143 , Y10T29/49014
摘要： An oxide superconducting cable is provided having a plurality of strands comprised of at least one oxide superconductor filament sheathed in a ductile and conductive metal matrix and least one of said strand further comprising a substantially continuous high resistivity coating substantially surrounding said at least one strand. The strands are positioned and arranged to form a cable. The cable is prepared by (a) applying a ductile predecessor coating to a plurality of strands, each said strand comprised of at least one oxide superconductor filament or a precursor thereto sheathed in a ductile metal matrix, and the ductile predecessor capable of conversion into a high resistivity material; (b) assembling the plurality of strands into a cable; and (c ) converting the ductile predecessor into a high resistivity material, where steps (a) and (b) can be performed in any order.
摘要翻译： 提供氧化物超导电缆，其具有由至少一个氧化物超导体丝束组成的多个线束，所述氧化物超导体细丝被套在延性和导电金属基体中，并且所述线中的至少一个还包括基本上连续的高电阻率涂层，其基本上围绕所述至少一条线。 股线被定位和布置成形成电缆。 电缆通过以下步骤制备：（a）将韧性前体涂层施加到多根股线上，每根股线由至少一个氧化物超导体细丝或其延展性延伸金属基质中的前体组成，并且该延性前身能够转化为 高电阻率材料; （b）将所述多根股线组装成电缆; 和（c）将延性前体转变成高电阻率材料，其中步骤（a）和（b）可以以任何顺序进行。
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公开(公告)号：US20110024778A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-03
申请号：US12659413
申请日：2010-03-08
IPC分类号： H01L33/10
CPC分类号： H01L51/5262 , H01L51/0038 , H01L51/005 , H01L51/0081 , H01L51/42 , H01L51/5253 , Y02E10/549
摘要： This invention relates to optoelectronic devices of improved efficiency. In particular it relates to light emitting diodes, photodiodes and photovoltaics. By careful design of periodic microstructures, e.g. gratings, associated with such devices more efficient light generation or detection is achieved.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及提高效率的光电子器件。 特别涉及发光二极管，光电二极管和光电。 通过仔细设计周期性微结构，例如 与这种装置相关联的光栅实现了更高效的光产生或检测。
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公开(公告)号：US5225925A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-06
申请号：US735387
申请日：1991-07-24
CPC分类号： H04B10/2912 , H01S3/06708 , H01S3/0941 , H01S3/17 , H04B10/291 , H01S3/094003
摘要： An optical fiber for amplifying or sourcing a light signal in a single transverse mode. The fiber comprises a host glass doped with erbium (Er) and a sensitizer such as ytterbium (Yb) or iron (Fe). Preferably the host glass is doped silicic glass (e.g., phosphate or borate doped). Electrical energy is provided to diode lasers that pump the Nd laser rod, which in turn pumps the fiber. Such a configuration for pumping the fiber provides a high energy transfer from the diodes to the Nd laser rod, which in turn enables high pumping powers to be coupled into the single-mode co-doped fiber. Based on the amplification characteristics of the co-doped fiber and the efficient coupling of power from the laser diodes, the amplifier provides power and small signal gains comparable to the best observed, while requiring only conventional and readily available diode-based pump sources.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在单一横向模式下放大或提取光信号的光纤。 纤维包括掺杂有铒（Er）的主体玻璃和诸如镱（Yb）或铁（Fe）的敏化剂。 优选地，主体玻璃是掺杂的硅玻璃（例如掺杂磷酸盐或硼酸盐）。 电能被提供给泵浦Nd激光棒的二极管激光器，Nd激光棒又泵送光纤。 用于泵浦光纤的这种配置提供了从二极管到Nd激光棒的高能量传递，这又使高的泵浦功率耦合到单模共掺杂光纤中。 基于共掺杂光纤的放大特性和来自激光二极管的功率的有效耦合，放大器提供与最佳观察值相当的功率和小信号增益，同时只需要常规和容易获得的基于二极管的泵浦源。
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