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    Nanocrystalline Mg or Be-based materials and use thereof for the transportation and storage of hydrogen
    2.
    发明授权
    Nanocrystalline Mg or Be-based materials and use thereof for the transportation and storage of hydrogen 失效
    纳米晶Mg或Be-BASED材料及其用于运输和储存氢的用途

    公开(公告)号：US5964965A

    公开(公告)日：1999-10-12

    申请号：US912166

    申请日：1997-08-15

    申请人： Robert Schulz ,  John Strom-Olsen ,  Leszek Zaluski ,  Alicja Zaluska

    发明人： Robert Schulz ,  John Strom-Olsen ,  Leszek Zaluski ,  Alicja Zaluska

    IPC分类号： C01B3/00 ,  C22C1/04 ,  C22C23/00 ,  C22C23/02 ,  C22C25/00

    CPC分类号： C22C23/00 ,  C01B3/0031 ,  C01B3/0084 ,  C22C1/0408 ,  C22C23/02 ,  C22C25/00 ,  B22F2009/041 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  B22F2999/00 ,  Y02E60/327 ,  Y10S420/90

    摘要： Disclosed is a very light-weight, Mg and Be-based material which has the ability to reversibly store hydrogen with very good kinetics. This material is of the formula (M.sub.1-x A.sub.x) D.sub.y wherein M is Mg, Be or a combination of them; A is an element selected from the group consisting of Li, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Al, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, In, Sn, O, Si, B, C and F; D is a metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir and Pt (preferably Pd); x is a number ranging from 0 to 0.3; and y is a number ranging from 0 to 0.15. This material is in the form of a powder of particles of the formula M.sub.1-x A.sub.x as defined hereinabove, having an average size ranging from 0.1 to 100 .mu.m, each particle consisting of nanocrystalline grains having an average size of 3 to 100 nm or having a nano-layered structure with a layer spacing of 3 to 100 nm. Some of these particles have clusters of metal D attached thereto, with an average size ranging from 2 to 200 nm. Also disclosed are a process for preparing this material which has a very high hydrogen absorption capacity, and a method of use of the same for the transportation and/or storage of hydrogen and/or the storage of thermal energy.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种非常轻质的Mg和Be基材料，其具有以非常好的动力学可逆地储存氢气的能力。 该物质为式（M1-xAx）Dy，其中M为Mg，Be或它们的组合; A是选自Li，Ca，Ti，V，Cr，Mn，Fe，Co，Ni，Cu，Zn，Al，Y，Zr，Nb，Mo，In，Sn，O， B，C和F; D是选自Fe，Co，Ni，Ru，Rh，Pd，Ir和Pt（优选Pd）的金属; x为0〜0.3的数; y为0〜0.15的数。 该材料为平均粒度为0.1-100μm的由式M1-xAx颗粒粉末形成的平均粒径为0.1-100μm的颗粒，每个颗粒由平均粒度为3-100nm的纳米晶粒组成或具有 层间距为3〜100nm的纳米层状结构。 这些颗粒中的一些具有附着于其上的金属D簇，平均尺寸范围为2至200nm。 还公开了一种制备具有非常高的氢吸收能力的材料的方法及其用于运输和/或储存氢和/或储存热能的方法。

    Nanocrystalline composite for hydrogen storage
    3.
    发明授权
    Nanocrystalline composite for hydrogen storage 失效
    储氢纳米晶复合材料

    公开(公告)号：US5906792A

    公开(公告)日：1999-05-25

    申请号：US587588

    申请日：1996-01-19

    申请人： Robert Schulz ,  Sabin Boily ,  Jacques Huot ,  John Strom-Olsen ,  Leszek Zaluski ,  Alicja Zaluska

    发明人： Robert Schulz ,  Sabin Boily ,  Jacques Huot ,  John Strom-Olsen ,  Leszek Zaluski ,  Alicja Zaluska

    IPC分类号： C01B3/00 ,  C22C1/00 ,  H01M8/06 ,  C01B6/24

    CPC分类号： H01M8/0656 ,  C01B3/0078 ,  Y02E60/327 ,  Y10T428/12729

    摘要： Disclosed is a nanocrystalline composite useful for hydrogen storage, which provides optimum hydrogenation conditions along with high hydrogen storage capacity. This composite is the combination of at least one high temperature metal hydride such as Mg or Mg.sub.2 Ni, which has a high hydrogen storage capacity by weight but requires high temperatures for hydrogen absorption and desorption, with at least one low temperature metal hydride such as FeTi, LaNi.sub.5, Nb, Mn or Pd, which has a low hydrogen storage capacity by weight but does not require high temperatures for hydrogen absorption and desorption. The high and low temperature metal hydrides are in direct contact with each other and each in the form of a nanocrystalline powder or layer. This composite is particularly useful as a hydrogen supply source for hydrogen-fueled vehicles.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于氢存储的纳米晶复合物，其提供最佳的氢化条件以及高的储氢能力。 该复合物是至少一种高温金属氢化物如Mg或Mg2Ni的组合，其具有高的储氢容量，但是需要高温用于吸氢和解吸，与至少一种低温金属氢化物如FeTi， LaNi5，Nb，Mn或Pd，其具有低的储氢容量，但不需要用于氢吸收和解吸的高温。 高温和低温金属氢化物彼此直接接触，并且各自呈纳米晶体粉末或层的形式。 该复合材料作为用于氢燃料车辆的氢气供应源特别有用。

    Nanocrystalline Ni-based alloys and use thereof for the transportation and storage of hydrogen
    5.
    发明授权
    Nanocrystalline Ni-based alloys and use thereof for the transportation and storage of hydrogen 失效
    纳米晶Ni基合金及其用于运输和储存氢的用途

    公开(公告)号：US5763363A

    公开(公告)日：1998-06-09

    申请号：US772862

    申请日：1996-12-26

    申请人： Robert Schulz ,  John Strom-Olsen ,  Leszek Zaluski

    发明人： Robert Schulz ,  John Strom-Olsen ,  Leszek Zaluski

    IPC分类号： B22F1/00 ,  C01B3/00 ,  C22C1/04 ,  C22C19/00 ,  B01J23/00 ,  B01J23/58

    CPC分类号： C01B3/0078 ,  C01B3/0031 ,  C01B3/0042 ,  C01B3/0057 ,  C01B3/0084 ,  C22C1/0408 ,  C22C1/0433 ,  B22F2009/041 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  B22F2999/00 ,  Y02E60/327 ,  Y10S420/90

    摘要： A powder of an alloy of Ni and Mg, La, Be or Li, consisting of crystallites having a grain size lower than 100 nm and a crystalline structure allowing hydrogen absorption. This powder which is preferably obtained by mechanical grinding, may consist of cristallites of Mg.sub.2 Ni, LaNi.sub.5 or of Ni-based alloys of Be or Li having a grain size lower than 100 nm. The powder may also consist of cristallites of formula Mg.sub.2-x Ni.sub.1+x, x ranging from -0.3 to +0.3, which have a grain size lower than 100 nm, and preferably lower than 30 nm. This crystalline powder is particularly useful for storing and transporting hydrogen. Indeed, it has been discovered that such Ni-based nanocrystalline powder requires no or only one single activation treatment at low temperature to absorb hydrogen. It has also been discovered that the kinetic of absorption and diffusion of hydrogen within the powder is much faster. This can be explained by the presence of a large number of grain boundaries.

    摘要翻译： 由粒径小于100nm的微晶构成的Ni和Mg，La，Be或Li的合金粉末和允许氢吸收的晶体结构。 优选通过机械研磨得到的粉末可以由Mg2Ni，LaNi5或具有小于100nm的粒度的Be或Li的Ni基合金的Cristallite组成。 粉末还可以由具有低于100nm，优选低于30nm的晶粒度的式Mg2-xNi1 + x，x为-0.3至+0.3的结晶岩组成。 该结晶粉末特别适用于储存和输送氢气。 事实上，已经发现，这种Ni基纳米晶体粉末在低温下不需要或仅需要一次单一的活化处理来吸收氢。 还已经发现，在粉末中氢的吸收和扩散的动力学要快得多。 这可以通过大量晶界的存在来解释。

    Nanocrystalline Ni-based alloys
    6.
    发明授权
    Nanocrystalline Ni-based alloys 失效
    纳米晶Ni基合金

    公开(公告)号：US06277170B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-08-21

    申请号：US09453462

    申请日：1999-12-02

    申请人： Robert Schulz ,  John Strom-Olsen ,  Leszek Zaluski

    发明人： Robert Schulz ,  John Strom-Olsen ,  Leszek Zaluski

    IPC分类号： B22F100

    CPC分类号： C01B3/0078 ,  B22F2009/041 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  B22F2999/00 ,  C01B3/0031 ,  C01B3/0042 ,  C01B3/0057 ,  C01B3/0084 ,  C22C1/0408 ,  C22C1/0433 ,  Y02E60/327 ,  Y10S420/90 ,  B22F1/0018 ,  B22F9/04 ,  B22F1/0044

    摘要： A power of an alloy of Ni and Mg, La, Be or Li, consisting of crystallites having a grain size lower than 100 nm and a crystalline structure allowing hydrogen absorption. This powder which is preferably obtained by mechanical grinding, may consist of cristallites of Mg2Ni, LaNi5 or of Ni-based alloys of Be or Li having a grain size lower than 100 nm. The powder may also consist of cristallites of formula Mg2−xNi1+x, x ranging from −0.3 to +0.3, which have a grain size lower than 100 nm, and preferably lower than 30 nm. This crystalline powder is particularly useful for storing and transporting hydrogen. Indeed, it has been discovered that such Ni-based nanocrystalline powder requires no or only one single activation treatment at low temperature to absorb hydrogen. It has also been discovered that the kinetic of absorption and diffusion of hydrogen within the powder is much faster. This can be explained by the presence of a large number of grain boundaries.

    摘要翻译： Ni和Mg，La，Be或Li的合金的功率，其由晶粒尺寸低于100nm的晶体和允许氢吸收的晶体结构组成。 优选通过机械研磨得到的粉末可以由Mg2Ni，LaNi5或具有小于100nm的粒度的Be或Li的Ni基合金的Cristallite组成。 粉末还可以由具有低于100nm，优选低于30nm的晶粒度的式Mg2-xNi1 + x，x为-0.3至+0.3的结晶岩组成。 该结晶粉末特别适用于储存和输送氢气。 事实上，已经发现，这种Ni基纳米晶体粉末在低温下不需要或仅需要一次单一的活化处理来吸收氢。 还已经发现，在粉末中氢的吸收和扩散的动力学要快得多。 这可以通过大量晶界的存在来解释。

    Nanocrystalline Ni-based alloys
    7.
    发明授权
    Nanocrystalline Ni-based alloys 失效
    纳米晶Ni基合金

    公开(公告)号：US6051046A

    公开(公告)日：2000-04-18

    申请号：US86939

    申请日：1998-05-29

    申请人： Robert Schulz ,  John Strom-Olsen ,  Leszek Zaluski

    发明人： Robert Schulz ,  John Strom-Olsen ,  Leszek Zaluski

    IPC分类号： B22F1/00 ,  C01B3/00 ,  C22C1/04 ,  C22C19/00

    CPC分类号： C01B3/0078 ,  C01B3/0031 ,  C01B3/0042 ,  C01B3/0057 ,  C01B3/0084 ,  C22C1/0408 ,  C22C1/0433 ,  B22F2009/041 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  B22F2999/00 ,  Y02E60/327 ,  Y10S420/90

    摘要： A powder of an alloy of Ni and Mg, La, Be or Li, consisting of crystallites having a grain size lower than 100 nm and a crystalline structure allowing hydrogen absorption. This powder which is preferably obtained by mechanical grinding, may consist of cristallites of Mg.sub.2 Ni, LaNi.sub.5 or of Ni-based alloys of Be or Li having a grain size lower than 100 nm. The powder may also consist of cristallites of formula Mg.sub.2-x Ni.sub.1+x, x ranging from -0.3 to +0.3, which have a grain size lower than 100 nm, and preferably lower than 30 nm. This crystalline powder is particularly useful for storing and transporting hydrogen. Indeed, it has been discovered that such Ni-based nanocrystalline powder requires no or only one single activation treatment at low temperature to absorb hydrogen. It has also been discovered that the kinetic of absorption and diffusion of hydrogen within the powder is much faster. This can be explained by the presence of a large number of grain boundaries.

    摘要翻译： 由粒径小于100nm的微晶构成的Ni和Mg，La，Be或Li的合金粉末和允许氢吸收的晶体结构。 优选通过机械研磨得到的粉末可以由Mg2Ni，LaNi5或具有小于100nm的粒度的Be或Li的Ni基合金的Cristallite组成。 粉末还可以由具有低于100nm，优选低于30nm的晶粒度的式Mg2-xNi1 + x，x为-0.3至+0.3的结晶岩组成。 该结晶粉末特别适用于储存和输送氢气。 事实上，已经发现，这种Ni基纳米晶体粉末在低温下不需要或仅需要一次单一的活化处理来吸收氢。 还已经发现，在粉末中氢的吸收和扩散的动力学要快得多。 这可以通过大量晶界的存在来解释。

    Reversible hydrogen storage composition
    8.
    发明授权
    Reversible hydrogen storage composition 失效
    可逆储氢组合物

    公开(公告)号：US06733725B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-05-11

    申请号：US09820835

    申请日：2001-03-30

    申请人： Alicja Zaluska ,  Leszek Zaluski ,  John Olaf Strom-Olsen

    发明人： Alicja Zaluska ,  Leszek Zaluski ,  John Olaf Strom-Olsen

    IPC分类号： C01B624

    CPC分类号： C01B3/0031 ,  Y02E60/327 ,  Y10S420/90

    摘要： Hydrogen storage compositions which liberate hydrogen readily and which are readily regenerated from a dehydrogenated state formed by liberation of hydrogen are derived from an AlH3-based complex hydride incorporating a member selected from a metalloid such as B, C, Si, P and S, a metal such as Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo, Zn, Ga, In and Sn, a metal which forms a stable hydride such as Be, Mg, Ca, Ti, V, Y, Zr and La and a second AlH3-based complex hydride.

    摘要翻译： 从容易由氢释放形成的脱氢状态容易地再生氢的氢存储组合物衍生自掺入选自B，C，Si，P和S等准金属的成员的AlH 3系复合氢化物， 诸如Cr，Mn，Fe，Co，Ni，Cu，Mo，Zn，Ga，In和Sn的金属，形成诸如Be，Mg，Ca，Ti，V，Y，Zr和La的稳定的氢化物的金属和 第二种基于AlH 3的复合氢化物。