Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a process for depolymerization of lignin including thermally converting an aqueous mixture having a pH of at least 9 including lignin, catalyst and primary alcohol in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature of at least 280° C.
Abstract:
Catalytic process for preparing an α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid salt, comprising reacting an alkene and carbon dioxide in the presence of a carboxylation catalyst and releasing the α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid salt with a base, the carboxylation catalyst being a transition metal complex, which comprises a structurally constrained bidentate P,X ligand, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of P, N, O, and carbene, the P and X atom are separated by 2 to 4 bridging atoms, and wherein the bridging atoms are part of at least one 5- to 7-membered cyclic substructure. A further catalytic processes for preparing α,βethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives from CO2 and an alkene is provided.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a catalyst and catalyst layer and process for preparing dimethyl ether from synthesis gas or methanol as well as the use of the catalyst or catalyst layer in this process.
Abstract:
Provided herein is a process for preparing furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid. The process includes the following steps: (A-1) preparing a starting mixture comprising one, two or more carbohydrate compounds selected from the group consisting of: hexoses, oligosaccharides comprising hexose units, and polysaccharides including hexose units, and as a solvent or as a co-solvent for the carbohydrate compounds an amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of a formula (II) and (A-2) subjecting the starting mixture to reaction conditions so that at least one of the one, two or more carbohydrate compounds reacts, and a fraction of the amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II) is hydrolyzed, resulting in a mixture including 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural and/or the one or more HMF esters of a formula (I), one or more carboxylic acids of a formula (III) and a remaining fraction of the amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for the conversion of ethane-1,2-diol to ethane-1,2-diamine and/or linear polyethylenimines of the formula H2N—[CH2CH2NH]n—CH2CH2NH2 wherein n≥1 comprising (i) providing a catalyst comprising a zeolitic material comprising YO2 and X2O3, wherein Y is a tetravalent element and X is a trivalent element, wherein the zeolitic material is selected from the group consisting of zeolitic materials having the MOR, FAU, CHA and/or GME framework structure, including combinations of two or more thereof; (ii) providing a gas stream comprising ethane-1,2-diol and ammonia; (iii) contacting the catalyst provided in (i) with the gas stream provided in (ii) for converting ethane-1,2-diol to ethane-1,2-diamine and/or linear polyethylenimines.
Abstract:
A process for preparing acrylic acid, comprising (i) providing a stream S4 comprising a formaldehyde source and acetic acid; (ii) contacting stream S4 with an aldol condensation catalyst comprising a zeolitic material comprising aluminum in the framework structure to obtain a stream S6 comprising acrylic acid, the framework structure of the zeolitic material in (ii) comprising YO2 and Al2O3, and Y being a tetravalent element; where the total content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal in the zeolitic material in (ii), calculated as alkali metal oxide and alkaline earth metal oxide, is from 0% to 0.1% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the zeolitic material, and where the aldol condensation catalyst in (ii) comprises, outside the framework structure of the zeolitic material present therein, from 0% to 1% by weight of vanadium, based on vanadium as vanadium(V) oxide.
Abstract translation:一种制备丙烯酸的方法,包括(i)提供包含甲醛源和乙酸的料流S4; (ii)使流体S4与包含框架结构中包含铝的沸石材料的醛醇缩合催化剂接触以获得包含丙烯酸的流S6,(ii)中的沸石材料的框架结构包含YO 2和Al 2 O 3,Y是 四价元素 其中(ii)中的沸石材料中的碱金属和碱土金属的总含量以碱金属氧化物和碱土金属氧化物计算为0〜0.1重量%,基于每种情况下的总重量 沸石材料,并且其中(ii)中的醛醇缩合催化剂在其中存在的沸石材料的骨架结构外包含以钒为氧化钒(V)的钒为0至1重量%的钒。
Abstract:
The invention relates to a catalyst system and process for preparing dimethyl ether from synthesis gas as well as the use of the catalyst system in this process.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for the conversion of 2-aminoethanol to ethane-1,2-diamine and/or linear polyethylenimines of the formula H2N—[CH2CH2NH]n—CH2CH2NH2 wherein n≥1 comprising: (i) providing a catalyst comprising a zeolitic material having the MOR framework structure comprising YO2 and X2O3, wherein Y is a tetravalent element and X is a trivalent element, said zeolitic material containing copper as extra-framework ions; (ii) providing a gas stream comprising 2-aminoethanol and ammonia; (iii) contacting the catalyst provided in (i) with the gas stream provided in (ii) for converting 2-aminoethanol to ethane-1,2-diamine and/or linear polyethylenimines.
Abstract:
Catalytic process for preparing an α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid salt, wherein an alkene and carbon dioxide are reacted in the presence of a carboxylation catalyst and in the presence of a specific aryloxide to obtain the α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid salt, the carboxylation catalyst being a transition metal complex. The process allows for efficient preparation of α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives from CO2 and an alkene.