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公开(公告)号：US06924407B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-02
申请号：US09940015
申请日：2001-08-27
IPC分类号： B01J3/00 , B01J8/02 , B01J31/10 , B01J31/40 , B01J35/10 , B01J38/00 , B01J38/04 , C07B61/00 , C07C2/58 , C07C2/62 , C07C9/15 , C07C9/16 , C07C9/18 , C07C9/21 , C07C11/02 , C10G29/20 , C07C2/56 , B01J20/00 , C07C5/22
CPC分类号： B01J31/4007 , B01J3/008 , B01J8/0207 , B01J8/0278 , B01J31/10 , B01J35/10 , B01J35/1014 , B01J35/1019 , B01J38/00 , B01J2038/005 , B01J2208/00628 , B01J2219/00202 , B01J2219/00213 , B01J2219/00231 , B01J2231/323 , B01J2231/52 , B01J2231/641 , C07C2/58 , C07C2531/10 , C10G29/205 , Y02P20/544 , Y02P20/584 , Y10S585/952
摘要： Improved methods for conducting solid acid-catalyzed, near- or supercritical heterogeneous chemical reactions (e.g., alkylation reactions) are provided which give enhanced product yields and permit longer processing runs. The preferred reactions of the invention are carried out in the presence of a solid macroporous catalyst having a surface area of from about 50-400 m2/g and a pore size of from about 70-150 Å. Product selectivity is enhanced by pressure-tuning of the reaction to promote production and separation of desired reaction products. In continuous processing, the chemical reaction may be interrupted before significant catalyst deactivation, followed by increasing reactor pressure and/or reducing reactor temperature to remove the accumulating coke; when the catalyst is regenerated, the original reaction conditions and reactant introduction may be resumed.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于进行固体酸催化，近或超临界异质化学反应（例如烷基化反应）的改进方法，其提供增强的产物产率并允许更长的处理运行。 本发明的优选反应在表面积为约50-400m 2 / g和孔径为约70-150的固体大孔催化剂存在下进行。 产物选择性通过反应的压力调节来增强，以促进所需反应产物的产生和分离。 在连续加工中，化学反应可能在显着的催化剂失活之前中断，随后增加反应器压力和/或降低反应器温度以除去积聚的焦炭; 当再生催化剂时，可以恢复原始的反应条件和反应物的引入。
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公开(公告)号：US10819469B2
公开(公告)日：2020-10-27
申请号：US16577624
申请日：2019-09-20
申请人： Sri Bhat , Bala Subramaniam , Yanlai Liu
发明人： Sri Bhat , Bala Subramaniam , Yanlai Liu
摘要： A deinterleaver device, a method for deinterleaving, an interleaver device, and a method for interleaving are disclosed. The method for deinterleaving includes: providing a memory and a stream count for a frame; virtually dividing the memory into equal sections, wherein a section count equals the stream count; calculating a write address for a sample of the samples based on a location of the sample in the frame and a correspondence of the location to one of the sections; receiving the sample; and writing the received sample to the write address, wherein the calculating and the write address corresponds to a correct deinterleaving location in one of the sections for the sample.
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3.发明授权公开(公告)号：US10193657B2
公开(公告)日：2019-01-29
申请号：US15392103
申请日：2016-12-28
申请人： Bala Subramaniam , Alexei Duhovich
发明人： Bala Subramaniam , Alexei Duhovich
摘要： A system and method for filtering code blocks to maintain high throughput thru a Forward Error Correcting (FEC) decoder is disclosed. The method includes: monitoring a Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for an incoming link; selecting a rank table including a rank, Modulation and Coding Rate (MODCOD), and a minimum SNR; determining a threshold MODCOD range from the rank table based on the SNR; demodulating an incoming frame; identifying, in the incoming frame, the code blocks and an associated MODCOD for each of the code blocks; selecting a code block from the code blocks when the respective MODCOD for the code block is in the rank table and within the threshold MODCOD range; and decoding the selected code block with the associated MODCOD.
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公开(公告)号：US09238608B2
公开(公告)日：2016-01-19
申请号：US13258159
申请日：2010-03-23
申请人： Bala Subramaniam , Daryle H. Busch , Fenghul Niu
发明人： Bala Subramaniam , Daryle H. Busch , Fenghul Niu
IPC分类号： C07C51/265 , C07C51/255 , B01J4/00 , B01J10/00
CPC分类号： C07C51/255 , B01J4/002 , B01J10/007 , B01J2219/00006 , B01J2219/00063 , B01J2219/00065 , B01J2219/00162 , C07C51/265 , C07C63/00
摘要： Oxidation process can include: introducing small droplets of liquid reaction mixture having oxidizable reactant, catalyst, and solvent into a reaction zone containing oxygen and diluent gas; and oxidizing the reactant with the oxygen at a suitable reaction temperature and a suitable reaction pressure to produce an oxidized product. The liquid reaction mixture can have an aromatic feedstock having an oxidizable substituent as the oxidizable reactant. The oxidized product can include an aromatic compound having at least one carboxylic acid. For example, the aromatic feedstock can include a benzene ring having at least one oxidizable alkyl substituent, furan hetero-ring having at least one oxidizable alkyl substituent, a naphthalene poly-ring having at least one oxidizable alkyl substituent, derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof.
摘要翻译： 氧化过程可以包括：将具有可氧化反应物，催化剂和溶剂的小液滴的液体反应混合物引入含有氧气和稀释气体的反应区; 并在合适的反应温度和合适的反应压力下用氧氧化反应物以产生氧化产物。 液体反应混合物可具有具有可氧化取代基的芳族原料作为可氧化反应物。 氧化产物可以包括具有至少一个羧酸的芳族化合物。 例如，芳族原料可以包括具有至少一个可氧化烷基取代基的苯环，具有至少一个可氧化烷基取代基的呋喃异环，具有至少一个可氧化烷基取代基的萘多环，其衍生物及其混合物 。
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5.发明申请PROCESS FOR PRODUCING BOTH BIOBASED SUCCINIC ACID AND 2,5-FURANDICARBOXYLIC ACID 审中-公开生产双酚化酸和2,5-呋喃糖基酸的方法公开(公告)号：US20140343305A1
公开(公告)日：2014-11-20
申请号：US14239822
申请日：2012-08-28
IPC分类号： C07D307/68 , C07C51/245
CPC分类号： C07D307/68 , C07C51/245 , C07D307/46 , C07C55/10
摘要： A process is provided for carrying out an oxidation on a feed including levulinic acid and/or a levulinic acid oxidation precursor to succinic acid, one or more furanic oxidation precursors of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and a catalytically effective combination of cobalt, manganese, and bromide components for catalyzing the oxidation of the levulinic acid component and of the one or more furanic oxidation precursors to produce both succinic acid and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid products, which process comprises supplying the feed to a reactor vessel, supplying an oxidant, reacting the levulinic acid component and the one or more furanic oxidation precursors with the oxidant to produce both succinic acid and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and then recovering the succinic acid and FDCA products. A crude dehydration product from the dehydration of fructose, glucose or both, including 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, can be directly oxidized by the process to produce 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and succinic acid.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种方法，用于在包含乙酰丙酸和/或乙酰丙酸氧化前体的进料上进行氧化，所述前体包含琥珀酸，一种或多种2,5-呋喃二羧酸的呋喃氧化前体和催化有效的钴，锰， 以及用于催化乙酰丙酸组分和一种或多种呋喃氧化前体的氧化以产生琥珀酸和2,5-呋喃二羧酸产物的溴化物组分，该方法包括将进料供应到反应器容器中，供应氧化剂， 使乙酰丙酸组分和一种或多种呋喃氧化前体与氧化剂反应以产生琥珀酸和2,5-呋喃二羧酸（FDCA），然后回收琥珀酸和FDCA产物。 由脱水果糖，葡萄糖或两者（包括5-羟甲基糠醛）的粗脱水产物可直接氧化，生成2,5-呋喃二羧酸和琥珀酸。
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公开(公告)号：US08415511B2
公开(公告)日：2013-04-09
申请号：US12796245
申请日：2010-06-08
CPC分类号： B01J23/462 , B01J21/04 , B01J21/18 , B01J23/6567 , B01J35/0006 , C07C29/60 , C07C31/205
摘要： A catalyst composition/system can include: a platinum catalyst metal (Pt) and/or rhenium catalyst metal (Re) on a first support; and a ruthenium catalyst metal (Ru) and/or rhenium catalyst metal (Re) on a second support or a platinum catalyst metal (Pt) and a ruthenium catalyst metal (Ru) and/or a rhenium catalyst metal (Re) on the same support. The Pt:Ru, Re:Pt and/or Re:Ru weight ratio can be between about 1:4 and about 4:1. The support can be alumina, carbon, silica, a zeolite, TiO2, ZrO2 or another suitable material. The first and second support can be on the same support structure or on different support structures. In one option, the first and second supports can be positioned such that the Pt and/or Re are capable of catalyzing a dehydrogenation and/or reforming reaction that produces hydrogen and the Ru and/or Re are capable of catalyzing a hydrogenolysis reaction.
摘要翻译： 催化剂组合物/体系可以包括：在第一载体上的铂催化剂金属（Pt）和/或铼催化剂金属（Re）; 以及在第二载体上的铂催化剂金属（Pt）和钌催化剂金属（Ru）和/或铼催化剂金属（Re）上的钌催化剂金属（Ru）和/或铼催化剂金属（Re） 支持。 Pt：Ru，Re：Pt和/或Re：Ru重量比可以在约1:4至约4:1之间。 载体可以是氧化铝，碳，二氧化硅，沸石，TiO 2，ZrO 2或其它合适的材料。 第一和第二支撑件可以在相同的支撑结构上或不同的支撑结构上。 在一个选择中，第一和第二载体可以被定位成使得Pt和/或Re能够催化产生氢的脱氢和/或重整反应，并且Ru和/或Re能够催化氢解反应。
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公开(公告)号：US08268048B2
公开(公告)日：2012-09-18
申请号：US12578907
申请日：2009-10-14
IPC分类号： B01D53/04
CPC分类号： B01D53/02 , B01D2253/20 , B01D2257/104 , B01D2259/40 , B01D2259/40086 , B01D2259/40088 , B01J20/223 , B01J20/28007 , B01J20/3295 , B82Y30/00
摘要： Solid nanoparticulate transition metal complexes of Co(II) salen exhibit reversible oxygen absorption in a near stoichiometric manner. In contrast, no measurable oxygen binding was observed with unprocessed Co(II) salen.
摘要翻译： Co（II）salen的固体纳米颗粒过渡金属络合物以近化学计量的方式表现出可逆的氧吸收。 相比之下，未处理的Co（II）salen没有观察到可测量的氧结合。
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8.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07744923B2
公开(公告)日：2010-06-29
申请号：US11870554
申请日：2007-10-11
申请人： Roger A. Rajewski , Bala Subramaniam , Fenghui Niu
发明人： Roger A. Rajewski , Bala Subramaniam , Fenghui Niu
IPC分类号： A61K9/14
CPC分类号： A61K9/1688 , B01J2/02 , B01J2/04 , B01J2/18
摘要： Commercially feasible methods for lyophobic precipitation of liquid-dispersed or dissolved material (e.g., medicaments) are provided wherein a plurality of individual, open containers (22) each containing a quantity (84) of a solution or dispersion are treated within a common pressurizable chamber (12). In this process, desired near-supercritical or supercritical temperature and pressure conditions are established for a selected antisolvent gas such as carbon dioxide, and an ultrasonic device (14) is actuated to generate high energy ultrasonic waves in the chamber (12). This leads to intense mixing of the antisolvent with the liquid solution or dispersion within the containers (22), with consequent solvent removal and material precipitation.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于液体分散或溶解的材料（例如药物）的疏液沉淀的商业上可行的方法，其中每个含有（84）溶液或分散体的多个单独的开放容器（22）在共同的可加压室 （12）。 在这个过程中，为所选择的反溶剂气体例如二氧化碳建立了所需的近临界或超临界温度和压力条件，并且致动超声波装置（14）以在腔室（12）中产生高能超声波。 这导致反溶剂与容器（22）内的液体溶液或分散体的强烈混合，随后进行溶剂去除和材料沉淀。
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公开(公告)号：US20100089236A1
公开(公告)日：2010-04-15
申请号：US12578907
申请日：2009-10-14
CPC分类号： B01D53/02 , B01D2253/20 , B01D2257/104 , B01D2259/40 , B01D2259/40086 , B01D2259/40088 , B01J20/223 , B01J20/28007 , B01J20/3295 , B82Y30/00
摘要： Solid nanoparticulate transition metal complexes of Co(II) salen exhibit reversible oxygen absorption in a near stoichiometric manner. In contrast, no measurable oxygen binding was observed with unprocessed Co(II) salen.
摘要翻译： Co（II）salen的固体纳米颗粒过渡金属络合物以近化学计量的方式表现出可逆的氧吸收。 相比之下，未处理的Co（II）salen没有观察到可测量的氧结合。
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10.发明授权Method and system for automatic gain control in a satellite communications system 有权卫星通信系统中自动增益控制的方法和系统公开(公告)号：US06904273B2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-07
申请号：US10043668
申请日：2002-01-10
申请人： J. Mark Steber , Richard Clewer , Kumud Patel , Bala Subramaniam
发明人： J. Mark Steber , Richard Clewer , Kumud Patel , Bala Subramaniam
CPC分类号： H03G3/3052
摘要： An apparatus for providing automatic gain control for use in a satellite terminal of a satellite communication system capable of transmitting a plurality of different modes of data. The apparatus includes a demodulator circuit having an analog to digital converter; a first variable attenuator having an attenuation value set on the basis of a measured power level of a predetermined data signal; and a second variable attenuator having an attenuation value set on the basis of the mode of data being received by the satellite terminal, where each of the data modes have a corresponding predetermined attenuation value associated therewith which is utilized as the attenuation value of the second variable attenuator when the satellite terminal receives the data mode.
摘要翻译： 一种用于提供自动增益控制的装置，用于能够发送多种不同数据模式的卫星通信系统的卫星终端。 该装置包括具有模数转换器的解调器电路; 第一可变衰减器，其具有基于预定数据信号的测量功率电平设置的衰减值; 以及第二可变衰减器，其具有基于由卫星终端接收的数据模式设置的衰减值，其中每个数据模式具有与其相关联的相应的预定衰减值，其被用作第二变量的衰减值 卫星终端接收数据模式时的衰减器。
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