公开(公告)号：US06377391B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-23

申请号：US09537639

申请日：2000-03-29

申请人： Benjamin J. Vakoc ,  Michel J. F. Digonnet

发明人： Benjamin J. Vakoc ,  Michel J. F. Digonnet

IPC分类号： H01S300

CPC分类号： H04B10/294 ,  G02F1/3519 ,  H01S3/06754 ,  H01S3/1302 ,  H01S2301/04 ,  H01S2301/06 ,  H04B10/2935

摘要： An apparatus and a method provide gain flattening in communications systems wherein a large number of optical signals at different wavelengths must be amplified while maintaining signal power within an acceptable range. Because of differences in gain of typical optical amplifiers as a function of wavelength and input power, the signals at different wavelengths are not amplified by the same amounts. Thus, when amplified multiple times, certain signals tend to become severely attenuated to the point of being no longer useable. The present gain flattening apparatus and method cause signals having higher gain-power products to be attenuated by a greater amount in response to Kerr-induced phase shifting such that after multiple stages of amplification, all the signal powers converge toward a small range of acceptable output powers. The apparatus provides amplification, multiple times, of a series of signals with a plurality of wavelengths covering a very wide spectral range, while maintaining the power of all the signals within a small range. The spread of this signal power range is robust against changes in the signal power, against changes in the number of signals, and, to some degree, against changes in the amplifier's pump power. The apparatus design is also robust against manufacturing changes in the parameters of the apparatus' components. The apparatus and invention are preferably implemented as multiple nonlinear Sagnac amplifiers having erbium-doped fiber amplifiers positioned asymmetrically in an interferometer loop.

摘要翻译： 一种装置和方法在通信系统中提供增益平坦化，其中必须放大不同波长的大量光信号，同时将信号功率保持在可接受的范围内。 由于作为波长和输入功率的函数的典型光放大器的增益差异，不同波长的信号不会被放大相同的量。 因此，当多次放大时，某些信号倾向于变得严重衰减到不再可用的程度。 本增益平坦化装置和方法使得具有较高增益功率乘积的信号响应于克尔感应相移而被衰减更大的量，使得在多级放大之后，所有的信号功率向着可接受的输出的小范围收敛 权力。 该装置提供多个具有覆盖非常宽的光谱范围的多个波长的一系列信号的放大倍数，同时将所有信号的功率保持在小范围内。 该信号功率范围的扩展对于信号功率的变化，对于信号数量的变化以及在一定程度上对放大器的泵功率的变化是稳健的。 该设备设计对于设备组件的参数的制造变化也是鲁棒的。 该装置和发明优选地被实现为具有在干涉仪环路中不对称地布置的掺铒光纤放大器的多个非线性Sagnac放大器。

公开(公告)号：US6097486A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-01

申请号：US253446

申请日：1999-02-19

申请人： Benjamin J. Vakoc ,  Michel J. F. Digonnet ,  Gordon S. Kino ,  H. John Shaw

发明人： Benjamin J. Vakoc ,  Michel J. F. Digonnet ,  Gordon S. Kino ,  H. John Shaw

IPC分类号： G01C19/72 ,  G01D5/353 ,  G01H9/00 ,  G01N29/00 ,  G01B9/02

CPC分类号： G01D5/35383

摘要： A fiber optic acoustic sensor array is based upon a Sagnac interferometer rather than being based upon Mach-Zehnder interferometers as in known acoustic sensor arrays. The fiber optic acoustic sensor array is used to detect acoustic waves in water. By basing the sensor array on the Sagnac interferometer rather than on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the sensor array has a stable bias point, has reduced phase noise, has a larger dynamic range, and allows a broadband signal source to be used rather than requiring a more expensive narrowline laser. A large number of acoustic sensors can be multiplexed into the architecture of the Sagnac interferometer.

摘要翻译： 光纤声学传感器阵列基于Sagnac干涉仪，而不是像已知的声学传感器阵列中的基于马赫 - 曾德尔干涉仪。 光纤声学传感器阵列用于检测水中的声波。 通过将传感器阵列基于Sagnac干涉仪而不是Mach-Zehnder干涉仪，传感器阵列具有稳定的偏置点，具有降低的相位噪声，具有较大的动态范围，并且允许使用宽带信号源而不是要求 一个更昂贵的窄线激光。 大量的声传感器可以复用到Sagnac干涉仪的架构中。

公开(公告)号：US06466364B1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-15

申请号：US10060868

申请日：2002-01-29

申请人： Benjamin J. Vakoc ,  Michel J. F. Digonnet

发明人： Benjamin J. Vakoc ,  Michel J. F. Digonnet

IPC分类号： H01S300

CPC分类号： H04B10/294 ,  G02F1/3519 ,  H01S3/06754 ,  H01S3/1302 ,  H01S2301/04 ,  H01S2301/06 ,  H04B10/2935

摘要： An apparatus and a method provide gain flattening in communications systems wherein a large number of optical signals at different wavelengths must be amplified while maintaining signal power within an acceptable range. Because of differences in gain of typical optical amplifiers as a function of wavelength and input power, the signals at different wavelengths are not amplified by the same amounts. Thus, when amplified multiple times, certain signals tend to become severely attenuated to the point of being no longer useable. The present gain flattening apparatus and method cause signals having higher gain-power products to be attenuated by a greater amount in response to Kerr-induced phase shifting such that after multiple stages of amplification, all the signal powers converge toward a small range of acceptable output powers. The apparatus provides amplification, multiple times, of a series of signals with a plurality of wavelengths covering a very wide spectral range, while maintaining the power of all the signals within a small range. The spread of this signal power range is robust against changes in the signal power, against changes in the number of signals, and, to some degree, against changes in the amplifier's pump power. The apparatus design is also robust against manufacturing changes in the parameters of the apparatus' components. The apparatus and invention are preferably implemented as multiple nonlinear Sagnac amplifiers having erbium-doped fiber amplifiers positioned asymmetrically in an interferometer loop.

公开(公告)号：US20110222563A1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-15

申请号：US13112720

申请日：2011-05-20

申请人： Brett E. Bouma ,  Seok-Yun Yun ,  Wang-Yuhl Oh ,  Benjamin J. Vakoc ,  Guillermo J. Tearney

发明人： Brett E. Bouma ,  Seok-Yun Yun ,  Wang-Yuhl Oh ,  Benjamin J. Vakoc ,  Guillermo J. Tearney

IPC分类号： H01S3/10

CPC分类号： H01S3/08063 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G02B26/002 ,  G02B26/04 ,  H01S3/08 ,  H01S3/08009 ,  H01S3/0805 ,  H01S3/10046 ,  H01S3/105 ,  H01S3/106

摘要： An apparatus and source arrangement for filtering an electromagnetic radiation can be provided which may include at least one spectral separating arrangement configured to physically separate one or more components of the electromagnetic radiation based on a frequency of the electromagnetic radiation. The apparatus and source arrangement may also have at least one continuously rotating optical arrangement, e.g., polygonal scanning mirror and spinning reflector disk scanner, which is configured to receive at least one signal that is associated with the one or more components. Further, the apparatus and source arrangement can include at least one beam selecting arrangement configured to receive the signal.

摘要翻译： 可以提供用于过滤电磁辐射的装置和源装置，其可以包括被配置为基于电磁辐射的频率物理地分离电磁辐射的一个或多个部件的至少一个光谱分离装置。 设备和源装置还可以具有至少一个连续旋转的光学装置，例如多边形扫描镜和旋转反射器盘扫描器，其被配置为接收与一个或多个部件相关联的至少一个信号。 此外，装置和源装置可以包括被配置为接收信号的至少一个波束选择装置。

公开(公告)号：US07982879B2

公开(公告)日：2011-07-19

申请号：US11677278

申请日：2007-02-21

申请人： Adrien E. Desjardins ,  Benjamin J. Vakoc ,  Guillermo J. Tearney ,  Brett Eugene Bouma

发明人： Adrien E. Desjardins ,  Benjamin J. Vakoc ,  Guillermo J. Tearney ,  Brett Eugene Bouma

IPC分类号： G01B9/02

CPC分类号： G01N21/4795 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0073 ,  G01B9/02043 ,  G01B9/02087 ,  G01B9/02091 ,  G01B2290/70 ,  G01N2021/4714

摘要： Arrangements, apparatus and methods are provided according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention. In particular, at least one first electro-magnetic radiation may be received and at least one second electro-magnetic radiation within a solid angle may be forwarded to a sample. The second electro-magnetic radiation may be associated with the first electro-magnetic radiation. A plurality of third electro-magnetic radiations can be received from the sample which is associated with the second electro-magnetic radiation, and at least one portion of the third electro-magnetic radiation is provided outside a periphery of the solid angle. Signals associated with each of the third electro-magnetic radiations can be simultaneously detected, with the signals being associated with information for the sample at a plurality of depths thereof. The depths can be determined using at least one of the third electro-magnetic radiations without a need to utilize another one of the third electro-magnetic radiations.

摘要翻译： 根据本发明的示例性实施例提供了安排，装置和方法。 特别地，可以接收至少一个第一电磁辐射，并且将立体角内的至少一个第二电磁辐射转发到样品。 第二电磁辐射可以与第一电磁辐射相关联。 可以从与第二电磁辐射相关联的样品接收多个第三电磁辐射，并且第三电磁辐射的至少一部分设置在立体角的外围。 可以同时检测与每个第三电磁辐射相关联的信号，其中信号与样品在其多个深度处的信息相关联。 可以使用第三电磁辐射中的至少一个来确定深度，而不需要利用第三电磁辐射中的另一个。

公开(公告)号：US20090036782A1

公开(公告)日：2009-02-05

申请号：US12183630

申请日：2008-07-31

申请人： Benjamin J. Vakoc ,  Guillermo J. Tearney ,  Brett E. Bouma

发明人： Benjamin J. Vakoc ,  Guillermo J. Tearney ,  Brett E. Bouma

IPC分类号： A61B5/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/0261 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0073

摘要： An exemplary apparatus and/or an exemplary method can be provided using which, it is possible (e.g., with at least one first arrangement) to measure an amplitude and/or a phase of at least one electromagnetic radiation provided from a particular portion of a sample. Further, it is possible (e.g., using at least one second arrangement) to scan a location of the particular portion along a path from a first point of the sample to a second point of the sample. In addition, it is possible to control the scan (e.g., with the second arrangement) such that the scan may comprise at least one first segment having a positive velocity and at least one segment having a negative velocity. A first distance of the first segment and/or the second segment can be smaller than a second distance between the first and second points.

摘要翻译： 可以提供示例性的装置和/或示例性方法，其可以（例如，利用至少一个第一布置）来测量从特定部分提供的至少一个电磁辐射的幅度和/或相位 样品。 此外，可以（例如，使用至少一个第二布置）沿着从样品的第一点到样品的第二点的路径扫描特定部分的位置。 此外，可以控制扫描（例如，利用第二布置），使得扫描可以包括具有正速度的至少一个第一段和至少一个具有负速度的段。 第一段和/或第二段的第一距离可以小于第一和第二点之间的第二距离。

公开(公告)号：US06667935B2

公开(公告)日：2003-12-23

申请号：US10212353

申请日：2002-08-02

申请人： Benjamin J. Vakoc

发明人： Benjamin J. Vakoc

IPC分类号： H04R100

CPC分类号： G01S3/80 ,  G01D5/35383 ,  G01H9/004

摘要： A folded Sagnac fiber optic sensor array uses a common delay path to reduce distributed pickup in downlead fibers. The sensor array is used to detect perturbations (e.g., acoustic waves in water). By basing the folded Sagnac sensor array on operating principles similar to the Sagnac interferometer the sensor array has a stable bias point, has reduced phase noise, and allows a broadband signal source to be used rather than requiring a more expensive narrowline laser. A large number of sensors can be multiplexed into the architecture of the sensor array. In one particularly preferred embodiment, the sensor array is configured with couplers and amplifiers selected to direct substantially equal portions of an input light signal to each sensor in the array. In another particularly preferred embodiment, first and second delay paths are provided for light at first and second wavelengths to increase the dynamic range of the sensors.

公开(公告)号：US6034924A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-07

申请号：US253203

申请日：1999-02-19

申请人： Benjamin J. Vakoc

发明人： Benjamin J. Vakoc

IPC分类号： G01N29/24 ,  G01H9/00 ,  G01S3/80 ,  H04R1/44 ,  H04R23/00

CPC分类号： G01H9/004 ,  G01S3/80

摘要： A folded Sagnac fiber optic acoustic sensor array operates in a manner similar to a Sagnac interferometer but uses a common delay path to reduce distributed pickup in downlead fibers. The fiber optic acoustic sensor array is used to detect acoustic waves in water. By basing the folded Sagnac sensor array on operating principles similar to the Sagnac interferometer rather than basing the array on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the sensor array has a stable bias point, has reduced phase noise, and allows a broadband signal source to be used rather than requiring a more expensive narrowline laser. A large number of acoustic sensors can be multiplexed into the architecture of the folded Sagnac fiber optic acoustic array.

公开(公告)号：US09375158B2

公开(公告)日：2016-06-28

申请号：US12183630

申请日：2008-07-31

申请人： Benjamin J. Vakoc ,  Guillermo J. Tearney ,  Brett E. Bouma

发明人： Benjamin J. Vakoc ,  Guillermo J. Tearney ,  Brett E. Bouma

IPC分类号： A61B5/05 ,  A61B5/026 ,  A61B5/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/0261 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0073

摘要： An exemplary apparatus and/or an exemplary method can be provided using which, it is possible (e.g., with at least one first arrangement) to measure an amplitude and/or a phase of at least one electromagnetic radiation provided from a particular portion of a sample. Further, it is possible (e.g., using at least one second arrangement) to scan a location of the particular portion along a path from a first point of the sample to a second point of the sample. In addition, it is possible to control the scan (e.g., with the second arrangement) such that the scan may comprise at least one first segment having a positive velocity and at least one segment having a negative velocity. A first distance of the first segment and/or the second segment can be smaller than a second distance between the first and second points.

摘要翻译： 可以提供示例性的装置和/或示例性方法，其可以（例如，利用至少一个第一布置）来测量从特定部分提供的至少一个电磁辐射的幅度和/或相位 样品。 此外，可以（例如，使用至少一个第二布置）沿着从样品的第一点到样品的第二点的路径扫描特定部分的位置。 此外，可以控制扫描（例如，利用第二布置），使得扫描可以包括具有正速度的至少一个第一段和至少一个具有负速度的段。 第一段和/或第二段的第一距离可以小于第一和第二点之间的第二距离。

公开(公告)号：US09330092B2

公开(公告)日：2016-05-03

申请号：US13552726

申请日：2012-07-19

申请人： Benjamin J. Vakoc ,  Ziyi Zhang

发明人： Benjamin J. Vakoc ,  Ziyi Zhang

IPC分类号： G06F17/30 ,  G01B9/02 ,  A61B3/10 ,  G02B27/48 ,  A61B5/00

CPC分类号： G06F17/30 ,  A61B3/102 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  G01B9/02002 ,  G01B9/02004 ,  G01B9/02028 ,  G01B9/02058 ,  G01B9/02072 ,  G01B9/02091 ,  G01B2290/45 ,  G01B2290/70 ,  G02B27/48

摘要： Exemplary systems, apparatus, methods and computer-accessible medium for generating information regarding at least one sample can be provided. For example, it is possible to receiving first data which is based on at least one first radiation provided to the sample(s) and at least one second radiation provided from the sample(s) that is/are associated with the first radiation(s) It is also possible to generate second data by reducing the influence of first optical effects induced on the first radiation(s) prior to reaching the sample(s), and second optical effects induced on the second radiation(s) after leaving the sample(s).

摘要翻译： 可以提供用于产生关于至少一个样本的信息的示例性系统，装置，方法和计算机可访问介质。 例如，可以接收基于提供给样本的至少一个第一辐射的第一数据和从与第一辐射相关联的样品提供的至少一个第二辐射 ）还可以通过减少在到达样本之前对第一辐射引起的第一光学效应的影响并且在离开样品之后在第二辐射上引起的第二光学效应来产生第二数据 （s）。