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公开(公告)号：US4801851A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-31
申请号：US418190
申请日：1982-09-14
申请人： Bernard M. Gordon , Colin Gyles
发明人： Bernard M. Gordon , Colin Gyles
摘要： A memory control for use with a digital oscilloscope having a display and a digital memory storing a sequence of signal samples. The sequence of signal samples is cyclically read from memory and displayed. The memory control adjusts the memory access operation to provide a controlled signal flow to the display at a rate within the slew-rate limits of the graphic display. In the memory control, the point slew, or distance over which the display beam moves from the present data point to the next point, is measured. If the point slew relative to the time interval between displayed signal samples exceeds the slew-rate capability of the display, the signal flow from the memory for subsequent data points is reduced or inhibited for a time sufficient to allow the display to reach a coordinate position corresponding to the desired data point.
摘要翻译： 一种与具有显示器和数字存储器存储信号样本序列的数字示波器一起使用的存储器控制。 信号样本的序列从存储器循环读取并显示。 存储器控制调节存储器访问操作，以图形显示的转换速率限制内的速率向显示器提供受控信号流。 在存储器控制中，测量点摆动或显示光束从当前数据点移动到下一点的距离。 如果相对于所显示的信号样本之间的时间间隔相对于点的转速超过显示器的转换速率能力，则来自用于后续数据点的存储器的信号流被减少或抑制足以允许显示器到达坐标位置的时间 对应于所需的数据点。
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公开(公告)号：US4758963A
公开(公告)日：1988-07-19
申请号：US52126
申请日：1987-05-15
CPC分类号： G01R13/20
摘要： An oscilloscope to sequentially store, process and display an electrical input signal according to various signal events and characteristics. The oscilloscope is physically and functionally modular having both selectable hardware configurations from among various "plug-in" modules and selectable processing and display features chosen from among a predetermined selection by software control contained, in part, within the plug-in modules. The particular control settings, as well as a representation of the signal itself, is recorded on a removable storage device, such as a magnetic disc. High frequency signals are sampled, digitized and stored in a high speed intercascaded signal memory, independent from the program and data memory associated with the oscilloscope signal processing.
摘要翻译： 示波器根据各种信号事件和特性依次存储，处理和显示电输入信号。 示波器在物理上和功能上是模块化的，其具有来自各种“插件”模块的可选择的硬件配置以及通过部分地包含在插件模块内的软件控制从预定选择中选择的可选处理和显示特征。 特定控制设置以及信号本身的表示被记录在诸如磁盘的可移动存储设备上。 高频信号采样，数字化并存储在高速级联信号存储器中，独立于与示波器信号处理相关的程序和数据存储器。
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3.发明授权X-ray tomography system for and method of improving the quality of a scanned image 失效X射线断层摄影系统以及提高扫描图像质量的方法
公开(公告)号：US5768331A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-16
申请号：US653113
申请日：1996-05-24
申请人： Bernard M. Gordon , John Dobbs , David Banks
发明人： Bernard M. Gordon , John Dobbs , David Banks
CPC分类号： A61B6/4078 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/4028 , A61B6/4411 , A61B6/4452 , A61B6/5264 , G01N23/046 , G01N2223/419
摘要： A scanning tomography system has a gantry including a disk for supporting a X-ray source and detector array and rotatable about a central axis. Multiple scans are made to reduce the effects of motion artifacts and improve image quality. In addition, the detector array is supported by a suspension system and is movable about the focal spot of the X-ray source a small amount so that in one mode of operation the detector array can be shifted at a predetermined angle from one position to at least one other position during a scan so as to provide an increase in the number of unique X-ray paths so as to provide improved image quality. In a second mode of operation, the detector array can be offset from the center ray so as to provide a quarter of a detector offset.
摘要翻译： 扫描断层摄影系统具有包括用于支撑X射线源和检测器阵列并且可围绕中心轴线旋转的盘的台架。 进行多次扫描以减少运动伪影的影响并提高图像质量。 此外，检测器阵列由悬挂系统支撑，并且可以在X射线源的焦点附近移动少量，使得在一种操作模式中，检测器阵列可以从一个位置移动到预定角度 在扫描期间至少一个其他位置，以提供唯一X射线路径的数量的增加，以便提供改进的图像质量。 在第二种操作模式中，检测器阵列可偏离中心射线，从而提供四分之一的检测器偏移。
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公开(公告)号：US4569028A
公开(公告)日：1986-02-04
申请号：US507472
申请日：1983-06-24
摘要： An adaptive digitizer circuit for an information processing system includes an entropy filter responsive to an information signal V having a variable noise .sigma..sub.V that is a function of V, for providing a transform signal T, having a constant transform noise level .sigma..sub.T throughout its dynamic range; and an analog to digital converter in which the ratio .sigma..sub.T /.delta..sub.T of the noise level .sigma..sub.T of the transformed signal and the digitization interval .delta..sub.T is constant throughout the dynamic range of T.
摘要翻译： 用于信息处理系统的自适应数字转换器电路包括响应于具有作为V的函数的可变噪声ΣV的信息信号V的熵滤波器，用于提供变换信号T，其在整个动态中具有恒定的变换噪声电平sigma T 范围; 以及模拟数字转换器，其中变换信号的噪声电平sigma T与数字化间隔delta T的比率ΣT /ΔT在T的整个动态范围内是恒定的。
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公开(公告)号：US4152659A
公开(公告)日：1979-05-01
申请号：US835968
申请日：1977-09-23
申请人： Bernard M. Gordon
发明人： Bernard M. Gordon
IPC分类号： H03F3/45
CPC分类号： H03F3/45 , H03F2200/261
摘要： A low noise differential amplifier circuit which requires only two operational amplifiers and which has lower noise than conventional differential amplifiers. An alternate embodiment is disclosed including circuitry for autozeroing the amplifier.
摘要翻译： 低噪声差分放大器电路，只需要两个运算放大器，噪声比传统的差分放大器低。 公开了一种替代实施例，其包括用于使该放大器自动调零的电路。
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公开(公告)号：US4002964A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-11
申请号：US618784
申请日：1975-10-02
申请人： Bernard M. Gordon
发明人： Bernard M. Gordon
CPC分类号： G05F1/567
摘要： A temperature compensation system and technique requiring no measurement of actual temperature differential and wherein each source of thermal error in an electronic circuit can be corrected in addition to overall thermal error. Two reference voltages are provided having equal and opposite temperature response and having a null value at selected normal temperature. A respective correcting voltage is derived from the two reference voltages for each source of thermal error and each of magnitude and polarity to compensate for the corresponding thermal error. A correcting voltage can also be derived for compensation of overall residual thermal error.
摘要翻译： 不需要测量实际温差的温度补偿系统和技术，除了总体热误差之外，还可以校正电子电路中的每个热误差源。 提供两个参考电压具有相同和相反的温度响应，并且在选定的常温下具有零值。 从每个热误差源的两个参考电压导出相应的校正电压，并且每个幅度和极性都补偿相应的热误差。 还可以导出校正电压来补偿总体残余热误差。
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公开(公告)号：US07431500B2
公开(公告)日：2008-10-07
申请号：US10814992
申请日：2004-03-31
IPC分类号： G01D18/00 , G01N23/083 , H05G1/64 , H05G1/32
摘要： A method and system is presented in radiography for optimizing image quality of an object (e.g. an anatomical region of a patient), while minimizing the radiation dose to the patient. X-ray exposure parameters, such as operating voltage (kVp), operating current (mA), focal spot size, and soft x-ray filter combination, are dynamically controlled during the x-ray exposure. During at least two different sampling intervals and at two different kVp levels, x-rays are passed through the object, and detected by sensors located between the object and the image plane. After the last sampling interval, the sensor output signals and the measured thickness of the object are used to evaluate the optimal settings for the x-ray exposure parameters. The x-ray exposure parameters are set to these optimal settings for the remainder of the exposure period.
摘要翻译： 在用于优化对象（例如患者的解剖区域）的图像质量的放射线照相中呈现方法和系统，同时使对患者的辐射剂量最小化。 在X射线曝光期间动态控制X射线曝光参数，例如工作电压（kVp），工作电流（mA），焦点尺寸和软x射线滤光器组合。 在至少两个不同的采样间隔和两个不同的kVp级别，x射线通过物体，并由位于物体和像面之间的传感器检测。 在最后一个采样间隔之后，传感器输出信号和物体的测量厚度用于评估x射线曝光参数的最佳设置。 在曝光期间的其余部分，将x射线曝光参数设置为这些最佳设置。
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8.发明授权Computed tomography scanning apparatus and method using adaptive reconstruction window 失效计算机断层扫描装置和方法使用自适应重建窗口公开(公告)号：US06256404B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-03
申请号：US08949127
申请日：1997-10-10
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G01V5/005
摘要： A method and apparatus for performing CT scans of baggage being carried or loaded onto commercial aircraft are described. The CT baggage scanner of the invention includes numerous features which provide the system with high baggage throughput on the order of seven hundred bags per hour as well as improved image quality and accurate target detection. In one aspect, the scanner includes an adaptive image reconstruction window which identifies data collected from the field of view that are not related to the baggage being scanned. These unrelated data are excluded from the image reconstruction process, resulting in greatly reduced reconstruction time and increased baggage throughput. The invention also includes the capability of performing calibration “air scans” with objects such as the system conveyor in the field of view. Data gathered during the calibration scan are applied to a threshold, and data exceeding the threshold are assumed to be from X-rays that are unobstructed by objects in the field of view and are therefore used to perform the air calibration. The baggage scanner can also analyze scan data to identify shapes of objects, particularly, objects formed in the shape of a sheet. This greatly improves the ability of the system to detect sheet explosives. The system also compensates for detector dark currents and provides dark current offsets which can be dependent upon detector temperature.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于对携带或加载到商用飞机上的行李进行CT扫描的方法和装置。 本发明的CT行李扫描器包括许多特征，为系统提供每小时七百袋的高行李吞吐量，以及改进的图像质量和精确的目标检测。 在一个方面，扫描器包括自适应图像重建窗口，其识别从视场收集的与正在扫描的行李无关的数据。 这些不相关的数据从图像重建过程中排除，从而大大减少了重建时间和增加了行李吞吐量。 本发明还包括在视场中执行诸如系统输送机之类的物体的校准“空气扫描”的能力。 在校准扫描期间收集的数据被应用于阈值，并且超过阈值的数据被假设为来自视场中的物体不受阻挡的X射线，因此用于执行空气校准。 行李扫描器还可以分析扫描数据以识别物体的形状，特别是形成为片状形状的物体。 这大大提高了系统检测片状炸药的能力。 该系统还补偿检测器暗电流，并提供暗电流偏移，这取决于检测器温度。
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公开(公告)号：USRE36099E
公开(公告)日：1999-02-16
申请号：US16004
申请日：1993-02-10
申请人： Bernard M. Gordon
发明人： Bernard M. Gordon
CPC分类号： A61B6/56 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/4405
摘要： Accordingly, the present invention provides an x-ray tomography apparatus having a patient table, x-ray tomography components located around the patient table and in an imaginary plane which intersects the table, and structure for supporting the table and tomography components and including apparatus for moving the tomography components along at least a portion of the table. In an alternate embodiment, an x-ray tomography apparatus includes an annular x-ray tomography system for continuously rotating around a patient, which structure has an electrically powered x-ray source and battery power for supplying electrical power to the x-ray source.
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公开(公告)号：US5109397A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-28
申请号：US643728
申请日：1991-01-22
IPC分类号： A61B6/03
摘要： An improved X-ray tomography system includes means for providing error information at each incremental angular position of the 360.degree. rotation of each scan, indicative of any mechanical lateral movements of the various tomography components during a scan, and means for compensating the data derived from the analog information signals representative of X-ray flux detected by the detectors during each projection view as a function of the error information during the back projection process so as to provide accurate scan data.
摘要翻译： 改进的X射线断层摄影系统包括用于在每个扫描的360°旋转的每个增量角位置处提供错误信息的装置，其指示在扫描期间各种断层摄影部件的任何机械横向运动，以及用于补偿从 所述模拟信息信号表示在每个投影视图期间由所述检测器检测的X射线通量作为所述反投影处理期间的所述误差信息的函数，以便提供精确的扫描数据。
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