摘要:
An improved process for the catalytic dehydrogenation of paraffinic hydrocarbons is disclosed. Feed paraffinic hydrocarbons are dehydrogenated by means of contacting the dehydrogenatable hydrocarbon with a dehydrogenation catalyst in a first dehydrogenation zone wherein the endothermic dehydrogenation reaction reduces the temperature of the resulting hydrocarbon stream containing dehydrogenated hydrocarbon compounds. The resulting effluent from the preceding dehydrogenation zone is then contacted with a hot hydrogen-rich gaseous stream having a temperature greater than the hydrocarbon stream to increase the temperature of the hydrocarbon stream and then the resulting heated stream is introduced into a subsequent dehydrogenation zone to produce additional dehydrogenated hydrocarbon compounds.
摘要:
An etherification process combines an alkylation zone with a skeletal olefin isomerization zone in an arrangement that rejects isoalkanes and normal alkanes with only minor loss of valuable olefin isomers. The invention also provides a balanced feed to an alkylation zone for the production of high octane gasoline components. This invention can be used to provide ethers and gasoline boiling range alkylates from either C.sub.4 or C.sub.5 feedstocks. The invention fully utilizes all olefin isomers improve octane and vapor pressure charactristics of the gasoline components.
摘要:
An improved process for the catalytic dehydrogenation of paraffinic hydrocarbons is disclosed. Feed paraffinic hydrocarbons are dehydrogenated by means of contacting the dehydrogenatable hydrocarbon with a dehydrogenation catalyst in a first dehydrogenation zone wherein the endothermic dehydrogenation reaction reduces the temperature of the resulting hydrocarbon stream containing dehydrogenated hydrocarbon compounds. The resulting effluent from the first dehydrogenation zone is then contacted with a hot hydrogen-rich gaseous stream having a temperature greater than the hydrocarbon stream to increase the temperature of the hydrocarbon stream and then introducing the resulting heated stream into a second dehydrogenation zone to produce additional dehydrogenated hydrocarbon compounds.
摘要:
A combination of an etherification process and a process for the isomerization of linear alkenes to isoalkenes uses an adsorptive separation zone for olefin and paraffin separation upstream of the MTBE unit to reduce olefin losses associated with the rejection of butanes. The location of the MTBE unit downstream of the adsorptive separation zone facilitates the essentially complete removal of isobutane from the process. Supplemental rejection of isobutane downstream of the adsorptive separation permits the use of low purity adsorptive separation zone and also allows the recovery of a high purity butene-1 product.
摘要:
A process is presented for the dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons in a radial flow reactor. The process includes the continuous feeding of catalyst into the reactor and the continuous withdrawal of catalyst from the reactor, where the catalyst is modified to increase the increased density. The catalyst is a layered structure with a dense core and an active catalytic outer layer.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process and apparatus for the production of light olefins comprising olefins having from 2 to 3 carbon atoms per molecule from a feedstock containing heavier olefins. An intermediate cut from a fractionation column is used as olefinic feed to an olefin cracking process preferably after undergoing selective hydrogenation of diolefins. In one embodiment, a liquid side draw from a fractionation column is selectively hydrogenated and then returned to the fractionation column from which a vapor side draw containing olefins is cracked in the olefin cracking reactor.
摘要:
The process disclosed herein is a process for producing phenyl-alkanes by alkylation of an aryl compound with an olefinic compound and which uses a mordenite catalyst and a silica-alumina catalyst. The selectivity of the process to 2-phenyl-alkanes can be varied over a wide range.
摘要:
A simplified process for jointly producing butene-1 and ether in a catalytic distillation column which comprises an upper catalytic zone for etherification and a lower catalytic zone for isomerization of C.sub.4 plus olefins and conversion of butadiene. The process is especially useful when combined with a process for the production of light olefins including ethylene and propylene from methanol. According to the invention, the produced butene-1 stream is combined with ethylene to produce polyethylene.
摘要:
A process to remove polymeric by-products from the product of an acetylene selective hydrogenation reactor has been developed. The product is generated by introducing hydrogen and a liquid hydrocarbon stream containing largely butadiene and some acetylenes to a reactor containing a catalyst effective for the selective hydrogenation of acetylenes. The product contains at least hydrogen, butadiene, and polymeric by-products. The pressure of the product is reduced and the product cooled. The cooled product is conducted to a low pressure flash drum to produce a hydrogen enriched stream and a butadiene and polymeric by-product-enriched stream. The hydrogen-enriched stream is removed. The butadiene and polymeric by-product is passed to a knockout drum to produce a stream enriched in butadiene and polymeric by-products having less than about 12 carbon atoms and a stream enriched in polymeric by-products having about 12 or more carbon atoms. The stream enriched in polymeric by-products having about 12 or more carbon atoms is removed from the process. Polymeric by-products containing less than about 12 carbon atoms may be removed from the remaining stream by conducting a solvent and the stream enriched in butadiene and polymeric by-products containing less than about 12 carbon atoms to an extractive distillation column. In the extractive distillation column, the butadiene and polymeric by-products containing less than about 12 carbon atoms are carried with the solvent and removed in a bottoms stream as an extract mixture while the butanes and butenes are removed in an extractive distillation overhead stream. The bottoms extract stream is conducted to a stripper column where the solvent and the polymeric by-products are separated from the butadiene.
摘要:
For the removal of trace quantities of iodine-containing contaminants from corrosive liquid feed streams, an adsorbent with distinct advantages over prior-art materials is provided. The treatment method involves the use of a metal phthalocyanine compound where the metal selected from the group consisting of silver, mercury, copper, lead, thallium, palladium, or mixtures thereof. Such metals are known to be reactive with the iodine-containing contaminants in the feed stream. Furthermore, the metal phthalocyanine is deposited on a carrier material selected from the group consisting of an activated carbon, a phenolic polymer, and an inorganic refractory metal oxide. Such adsorbent materials have proven substantially insoluble even in corrosive liquid feed streams associated with the invention. Reactivation and regeneration techniques, which are generally incompatible with prior-art adsorbent materials, are also disclosed.