摘要:
A method for the production of ethanol or propanol comprising the reaction of methanol with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst contains a cobalt compound, a ruthenium compound, iodine or an iodide, and a bi-dentate organic phosphine or phosphite. The reaction is carried out at 150.degree. to 250.degree. C., 200 to 600 bars, and in the presence of 5 to 25% by weight of water, based on the methanol.
摘要:
In a process for the production of ethanol and n-propanol by conversion of methanol with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst containing cobalt, platinum, at least one halogen or halide, and an organic phosphine or phosphite, the improvement comprising the halogen or halide being chlorine or a chloride, and the phosphine or phosphite being bidentate. In addition, the conversion is carried out at pressures of 200 to 800 bars in the presence of 5 to 25% by weight of water, based on the methanol.
摘要:
A process for preparing sulfonated arylphosphines by reaction of arylphosphines with oleum, wherein, after reaction of the arylphosphines with oleum, the sulfonation mixture is firstly diluted with water, an inert gas stream is then passed through the diluted sulfonation mixture until SO2 is no longer liberated from the diluted sulfonation mixture and the latter is then worked up further in a customary manner and its use.
摘要:
Isomeric mixtures of pentanoic acids are prepared by subjecting butene-1/butene-2 mixtures to hydroformylation to form aldehyde mixtures, followed by oxidation of the aldehyde mixtures which have been separated off from the reaction product. The hydroformylation is carried out in a heterogeneous system in the presence of rhodium catalysts which are dissolved in water. The mixture of isomeric 5 carbon monocarboxylic acids produced, when esterified with polyhydric alcohols, yields mixtures of isomeric esters which are useful as lubricants for refrigerant compressors operated with chlorine-free, at least partly fluorinated hydrocarbons as the refrigerant.
摘要:
A two-step process for the production of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diamines having 4 to 18 carbon atoms is disclosed wherein in the first step an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic dialdehyde is reacted with a monoamine olefin at atmospheric pressure at a temperature up to 100.degree. C. to form the corresponding diazomethyne and in the second step the diazomethyne is reacted at 60.degree. to 200.degree. C. and 50 to 300 bar with a mixture of ammonia and hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to form the corresponding diamine and release of monoamine.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing sulfonated aryl phosphines by reacting aryl phosphines with oleum. After reacting the aryl phosphines with oleum, the sulfonation mixture is firstly diluted with water and an inert gas stream is then fed through the diluted sulfonation mixture until SO2 is no longer released from the diluted sulfonation mixture. Afterwards, the sulfonation mixture is subsequently processed in a usual manner. The invention also relates to a method for producing solutions of sulfonated aryl phosphines by reacting the aryl phosphines with oleum, diluting the sulfonation mixture with water, extracting the aqueous solution using an organic solution consisting of an amine, and subsequently carrying out a reextraction using an aqueous solution having an inorganic base. According to the invention, the solution containing aqueous sulfonated aryl phosphines is adjusted to a pH value of up to 3 by adding acid, and an inert gas stream is then fed through the aqueous solution until sulfur dioxide is no longer released. The invention additionally relates to an aqueous catalyst solution containing rhodium and an aqueous solution of sulfonated aryl phosphines, treated as defined by the invention, for carrying out the hydroformylation of olefinically unsaturated compounds, and relates to the use thereof for carrying out the same.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of aldehydes by hydroformylation of olefins in the presence of an aqueous solution containing rhodium as a catalyst. The aqueous solution preferably contains rhodium in a concentration of 450 to 800 weight-ppm and sulfonated or carboxylated triarylphosphines as complex ligands in a concentration of 25 to 30% by weight, both based on the aqueous solution.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of a rhodium catalyst comprising dissolving a carboxylic acid salt of rhodium in a solvent taken from the class consisting of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof. The carboxylic acid has 2 to 18 carbon atoms. This salt is reacted with carbon monoxide and hydrogen to form a rhodium hydridrocarbonyl which is reacted with an aqueous solution of a triaryl phosphine. The aqueous solution may be present during the initial reaction of the rhodium salt or may be added thereafter. A catalyst which is the product of the foregoing process is also disclosed, as is a method of producing aldehydes using the catalyst.
摘要:
A process for preparing solutions of sulfonated arylphosphines comprising reacting arylphosphines with oleum, diluting the sulfonation mixture with water, extracting the diluted sulfonation mixture with a solution of a water-insoluble organic solvent, reacting the organic phase with a solution of an inorganic base in water, adjusting the resulting aqueous solutin of sulfonated arylphosphines to a pH of up to 3 by addition of an acid, and passing an inert gas stream through the aqueous solution comprising sulfonated arylphosphines until sulfur is no longer liberated from the aqueous solution of sulfonated arylphosphines.
摘要:
A process for the preparation of aldehydes including reacting olefins with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in an aqueous liquid phase in the presence of a rhodium catalyst and a specific class of water soluble aryl phosphines. These phosphines are preferably mixtures of alkali metal salts and quaternary ammonium salts of sulfonated aryl phosphines.