摘要:
In accordance with the invention, arrays optical sources are combined in a multilevel planar optical waveguide structure for insertion into an optical fiber laser. The basic element of the combiner is a planar array of multiple waveguides which converge and are gradually tapered to a single output waveguide. A plurality of such elements integrally formed on successive cladding layers provides a high power stack of vertically aligned outputs. An arrangement is described for using such apparatus in the amplification of optical communications signals.
摘要:
Recognizing the rate-determining nature of the coating removal and recoating steps, applicants have demonstrated that with proper combination of low absorbing polymer, glass and low intensity radiation, UV-induced gratings can be side-written into polymer coated fibers without removing the polymer, thus permitting up the possibility of high speed fabrication of fiber gratings.
摘要:
Laser apparatus for delivering optical power to an output port comprises first and second fiber lasers having at least partially overlapping cavity resonators. In one state the lasers are phase locked; in another they are not. An intracavity polarization transformer (e.g., a polarization modulator or a segment of PMF) determines the phase state of the apparatus. In each state the reflectivity of a reflector common to the lasers determines the amount of optical power which is delivered to the output port. In one embodiment the apparatus has a plurality of output ports to which separate utilization devices are coupled. The phase state of the lasers and the reflectivity of the common reflector determines how the optical power is allocated among the devices.
摘要:
An optical fiber which is enclosed within a polymeric jacket. At least a portion of the jacket material comprises a particulate material which is at least partially soluble in water, such that a solution can be formed which has reduced reactivity toward the optical fiber, relative to pure water. An amount of such material is incorporated in the jacket, sufficient to delay the expected onset of accelerated fiber fatigue in a standard fatigue test by at least a factor of 2 relative to an otherwise similar fiber enclosed within a jacket which is free of the particulate material.
摘要:
An optical fiber amplifier is pumped by a pair of pump lasers which have at least partially overlapping resonators. In one embodiment, the fiber gain section of the amplifier is located external to the resonators. In another embodiment, the coupler, which couples the pump lasers to the gain section, is located at least partially within said resonators. In a preferred embodiment the resonators are provided with polarization selection properties, and the outputs of the pump lasers are coherent.
摘要:
Optical fiber and cable performance are assured by a category of UV-cured polyurethane acrylates. Low cost is the consequence of use of the polycarbonate oligomer. Good performance and long life are ascribed to other ingredients of the coatings. Dependence on the hindered phenols for antioxidant protection assures sufficient protection for these inherently stable materials without incurring fiber damage found to result from use of hindered amine antioxidants.
摘要:
A method of controlling the polarization properties of a photo-induced device in an optical waveguide and a method of investigating the structure of a light guiding body such as an optical waveguide are disclosed. A device, such as gratings, is written by exposing one side of the optical waveguide to light. The unexposed side is then exposed to an amount of light sufficient to impart the desired birefringence to the written device. The birefringence can be minimized in the written device by exposing the opposite side to light in an amount sufficient to minimize the amount of birefringence. The light guiding body is investigated by cleaving the elongated light guiding body, such as an optical waveguide, to expose its cross-section. The cleaved section is then treated to expose difference between the core and cladding. Treatment may include etching in an acid or base. The cross-section is then profiled with a scanning probe microscope such as an atomic force microscope to investigate the structure of the light guiding body. The difference in refractive index can be determined across the cleaved endface based on differences in the etched depth.
摘要:
A method of controlling the polarization properties of a photo-induced device in an optical waveguide and a method of investigating the structure of a light guiding body such as an optical waveguide are disclosed. A device, such as gratings, is written by exposing one side of the optical waveguide to light. The unexposed side is then exposed to an amount of light sufficient to impart the desired birefringence to the written device. The birefringence can be minimized in the written device by exposing the opposite side to light in an amount sufficient to minimize the amount of birefringence. The light guiding body is investigated by cleaving the elongated light guiding body, such as an optical waveguide, to expose its cross-section. The cleaved section is then treated to expose difference between the core and cladding. Treatment may include etching in an acid or base. The cross-section is then profiled with a scanning probe microscope such as an atomic force microscope to investigate the structure of the light guiding body. The difference in refractive index can be determined across the cleaved endface based on differences in the etched depth.
摘要:
A silica-based optical fiber is provided, which has improved resistance to static fatigue. The fiber includes an outer layer of modified, fused silica which contains zirconia and, optionally, alumina.
摘要:
The disclosed fiber Raman device comprises means for coupling pump radiation of a first wavelength &lgr;1 and a second wavelength &lgr;2 into a length of silica-based fiber, with &lgr;1 being different from &lgr;2, and with both of &lgr;1 and &lgr;2 being less than an output radiation &lgr;0 of the fiber Raman device. The Raman device further comprises at least a first and a second wavelength-selective element disposed to provide one or more optical cavities for Raman shifting of light in the fiber. At least one of the optical cavities is selected such that at least one of &lgr;1 and &lgr;2 is off resonance. Exemplarily, the Raman device is a topologically linear or circular Raman laser or amplifier, and the wavelength selective element is a fiber Bragg grating or a WDM. The Raman device is advantageously used in an optical fiber communication system.