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公开(公告)号：US08258194B2
公开(公告)日：2012-09-04
申请号：US12809016
申请日：2009-02-12
IPC分类号： C07C27/00
CPC分类号： B01J8/0285 , B01J8/067 , B01J2208/00115 , B01J2208/00123 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00141 , B01J2208/0015 , C10G2/34 , C10G2/341 , C10G2300/4006 , C10G2300/4056
摘要： Method and reactor for performing Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis with controlled steam partial pressure by introducing cool points in the FT reactor, typically in form of cooled solid surfaces. At the surface, the low temperature will force condensation of the water into a liquid film. Thereby, the partial pressure of steam in the gas and reactor will not exceed significantly the vapor partial pressure at the liquid film and water from the gas stream will be removed as it is produced, i.e. steam induced deactivation is avoided. In addition, the decrease of hydrogen and carbon monoxide partial pressures due to dilution by steam will be kept low ensuring a constant high reaction rate.
摘要翻译： 通过在FT反应器中引入冷点，通常以冷却的固体表面的形式，通过控制蒸汽分压进行费 - 托（FT）合成的方法和反应器。 表面上，低温会使水冷凝成液膜。 因此，气体和反应器中的蒸汽的分压不会显着地超过液体膜处的蒸气分压，并且来自气流的水将在产生时被去除，即避免蒸汽诱导的失活。 另外，由于蒸汽稀释而导致的氢气和一氧化碳分压的降低将保持较低，从而确保恒定的高反应速率。
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公开(公告)号：US20100267848A1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-21
申请号：US12809016
申请日：2009-02-12
CPC分类号： B01J8/0285 , B01J8/067 , B01J2208/00115 , B01J2208/00123 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/00141 , B01J2208/0015 , C10G2/34 , C10G2/341 , C10G2300/4006 , C10G2300/4056
摘要： Method and reactor for performing Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis with controlled steam partial pressure by introducing cool points in the FT reactor, typically in form of cooled solid surfaces. At the surface, the low temperature will force condensation of the water into a liquid film. Thereby, the partial pressure of steam in the gas and reactor will not exceed significantly the vapour partial pressure at the liquid film and water from the gas stream will be removed as it is produced, i.e. steam induced deactivation is avoided. In addition, the decrease of hydrogen and carbon monoxide partial pressures due to dilution by steam will be kept low ensuring a constant high reaction rate.
摘要翻译： 通过在FT反应器中引入冷点，通常以冷却的固体表面的形式，通过控制蒸汽分压进行费 - 托（FT）合成的方法和反应器。 表面上，低温会使水冷凝成液膜。 因此，气体和反应器中的蒸汽的分压不会显着地超过液体膜处的蒸气分压，并且来自气流的水将在产生时被去除，即避免蒸汽诱导的失活。 另外，由于蒸汽稀释而导致的氢气和一氧化碳分压的降低将保持较低，从而确保恒定的高反应速率。
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公开(公告)号：US20100312021A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-09
申请号：US12863011
申请日：2009-02-12
申请人： Max Thorhauge
发明人： Max Thorhauge
CPC分类号： B01J8/0285 , B01J8/009 , B01J8/0214 , B01J8/0292 , B01J8/067 , B01J2208/00115 , B01J2208/00123 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/0015 , B01J2208/00212 , B01J2219/00772 , C07C29/152 , Y02P20/52 , C07C31/04
摘要： Improved design of a catalytic reactor for the production of methanol at equilibrium conditions whereby methanol as it is formed is separated from the gaseous phase into the liquid phase within the reactor, without reducing the catalytic activity of the methanol catalysts This is achieved by adjusting the boiling point of a liquid cooling agent being in indirect contact with the catalyst particles and by providing a specific ratio of catalyst bed volume to cooling surface area. Thereby, condensation of methanol as it is formed in the gaseous phase takes place at the cooling surface arranged evenly distributed within the reactor and within a very limited region of the catalyst bed.
摘要翻译： 用于在平衡条件下生产甲醇的催化反应器的改进设计，其中形成的甲醇在反应器内从气相分离成液相，而不降低甲醇催化剂的催化活性。这通过调节沸点 液体冷却剂的点与催化剂颗粒间接接触，并且通过提供催化剂床体积与冷却表面积的特定比例。 因此，在气相中形成的甲醇的冷凝发生在均匀分布在反应器内并且在催化剂床的非常有限的区域内的冷却表面上。
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4.发明授权Method and apparatus for the separation of a liquid from a gas feed stream in a catalytic reactor 有权用于在催化反应器中从气体进料流中分离液体的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US08951482B2
公开(公告)日：2015-02-10
申请号：US13698523
申请日：2010-06-17
申请人： Max Thorhauge
发明人： Max Thorhauge
IPC分类号： B01J8/06 , B01J8/02 , B01D5/00 , B01J8/00 , C07C29/151
CPC分类号： B01J8/025 , B01D5/0027 , B01D5/009 , B01J8/009 , B01J8/0285 , B01J8/0292 , B01J8/06 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2219/32241 , C07C29/1518 , C07C31/04
摘要： Method and apparatus for separating a liquid reaction product from a gaseous stream in a catalytic reactor by means of a metallic sheet being indirectly cooled by a cooling surface and having a plurality of percolations in form of geometric-shaped protrusions on both sides of the sheet each with an open base, the open base is on the side of the sheet facing a catalyst bed are arranged upwards and on the side facing the cooling surface the open base faces downwards.
摘要翻译： 在催化反应器中通过由冷却表面间接冷却的金属片分离液体反应产物的方法和装置，并且在片材的两侧具有多个几何形状的突起形式的渗透 具有开放的基部，敞开的底部位于面向催化剂床的片材的侧面上，并且在面向冷却表面的一侧上，开口底部朝下。
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5.发明申请METHOD FOR CARRYING OUT EXOTHERMIC CATALYTIC REACTIONS AND A REACTOR FOR USE IN THE METHOD 审中-公开用于实施过热催化反应的方法和用于该方法的反应器公开(公告)号：US20140163260A1
公开(公告)日：2014-06-12
申请号：US14125922
申请日：2012-06-15
申请人： Max Thorhauge
发明人： Max Thorhauge
CPC分类号： B01J8/0496 , B01J8/0242 , B01J8/0285 , B01J8/04 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/0015 , B01J2208/00725 , B01J2219/00245 , C07C41/01
摘要： Method and a reactor for performing exothermic catalytic reactions. The method comprises the steps of providing a feed gas stream comprising reactants for the exothermic catalytic reaction to a fixed bed catalytic reactor comprising one or more catalyst beds each with catalyst particles filled sections with a catalyst volume; providing a feed gas bypass inside the reactor by arranging within at least one of the catalyst beds a number of bypass passageways without catalytic active particles inside the passageways and having a cooling surface area; passing a part of the feed gas stream through the bypass passageways and reminder of the stream through the catalyst particles filled sections; and removing heat from the feed gas stream being passed through the catalyst filled sections by indirect heat transfer to the part of the feed gas stream being passed through the bypass passageways.
摘要翻译： 方法和用于进行放热催化反应的反应器。 该方法包括以下步骤：提供包含用于放热催化反应的反应物的进料气流，所述反应物包括一个或多个催化剂床，每个催化剂床具有催化剂颗粒填充部分，其具有催化剂体积; 通过在至少一个所述催化剂床内布置多个旁路通道，在所述通道内部没有催化活性颗粒并具有冷却表面积，在所述反应器内提供进料气旁路; 使一部分进料气流通过旁路通道，并通过催化剂颗粒填充段提醒物流; 并且通过间接传热将原料气流中的热量除去通过催化剂填充部分，使其进入通过旁路通道的进料气流部分。
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公开(公告)号：US08557192B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-15
申请号：US13524910
申请日：2012-06-15
申请人： Max Thorhauge
发明人： Max Thorhauge
CPC分类号： B01J8/0285 , B01J8/009 , B01J8/0214 , B01J8/0292 , B01J8/067 , B01J2208/00115 , B01J2208/00123 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/0015 , B01J2208/00212 , B01J2219/00772 , C07C29/152 , Y02P20/52 , C07C31/04
摘要： Improved design of a catalytic method and reactor for the production of methanol at equilibrium conditions, whereby methanol, as it is formed, is separated from the gaseous phase into the liquid phase within the reactor without reducing the catalytic activity of the methanol catalyst. This is achieved by adjusting the boiling point or temperature of a liquid cooling agent being in indirect contact with the catalyst particles and by providing a specific ratio of catalyst bed volume to cooling surface area. Thereby, condensation of methanol as it is formed in the gaseous phase takes place for the most at the cooling surface arranged evenly distributed within the reactor and if at all within a very limited region of the catalyst bed.
摘要翻译： 用于在平衡条件下生产甲醇的催化方法和反应器的改进设计，其中形成的甲醇在反应器内从气相中分离成液相而不降低甲醇催化剂的催化活性。 这是通过调节与催化剂颗粒间接接触的液体冷却剂的沸点或温度，并通过提供催化剂床体积与冷却表面积的特定比例来实现的。 因此，在气相中形成的甲醇的冷凝最多发生在均匀分布在反应器内的冷却表面，如果完全在催化剂床的非常有限的区域内。
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7.发明授权Method for controlling injection of reducing agent in exhaust gas from a combustion engine 有权用于控制来自内燃机的废气中的还原剂的注入的方法公开(公告)号：US07200990B2
公开(公告)日：2007-04-10
申请号：US11288152
申请日：2005-11-29
申请人： Pär Gabrielsson , Ioannis Gekas , Max Thorhauge
发明人： Pär Gabrielsson , Ioannis Gekas , Max Thorhauge
IPC分类号： F01N3/00
CPC分类号： F01N3/208 , B01D53/90 , B01D53/9409 , B01D53/9495 , F01N3/206 , F01N2560/025 , F01N2560/026 , F01N2560/06 , F01N2560/07 , F01N2610/02 , F01N2610/08 , F01N2610/146 , Y02T10/24
摘要： The invention relates to a method for controlling injection of a reductant into a NOx containing exhaust gas stream from a combustion engine, where combustion of a known fuel takes place and where the NOx is reduced by selective catalytic reduction, SCR, in the presence of a SCR catalyst, comprising establishing signals related to exhaust gas flow, HOx concentration in the exhaust gas stream upstream of the catalyst, exhaust gas temperature upstream of the SCR catalyst, exhaust gas temperature downstream of the SCR catalyst and to input data for catalyst characteristics. From the signals an adjusted amount of the reductant is calculated by using a calculated amount of reductant and a value d(E*T)/dt, where E is the exhaust gas flow, T is the exhaust gas temperature upstream of the catalyst and t is time.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于控制将还原剂注入含有来自内燃机的含NO x的废气流的方法，其中发生已知燃料的燃烧，其中NO x 在SCR催化剂的存在下，通过选择性催化还原SCR来还原SUB，其包括在催化剂上游的排气流中建立与废气流，HO x x H浓度相关的信号，排气 SCR催化剂上游的温度，SCR催化剂下游的排气温度和输入催化剂特性的数据。 根据该信号，通过使用计算量的还原剂和d（E * T）/ dt计算还原剂的调整量，其中E是排气流量，T是催化剂上游的排气温度，t 是时候了
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8.发明申请METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE SEPARATION OF A LIQUID FROM A GAS FEED STREAM IN A CATALYTIC REACTOR 有权用于从催化反应器中的气体进料流中分离液体的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US20130066119A1
公开(公告)日：2013-03-14
申请号：US13698523
申请日：2010-06-17
申请人： Max Thorhauge
发明人： Max Thorhauge
CPC分类号： B01J8/025 , B01D5/0027 , B01D5/009 , B01J8/009 , B01J8/0285 , B01J8/0292 , B01J8/06 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2219/32241 , C07C29/1518 , C07C31/04
摘要： Method and apparatus for separating a liquid reaction product from a gaseous stream in a catalytic reactor by means of a metallic sheet being indirectly cooled by a cooling surface and having a plurality of percolations in form of geometric-shaped protrusions on both sides of the sheet each with an open base, the open base is on the side of the sheet facing a catalyst bed are arranged upwards and on the side facing the cooling surface the open base faces downwards.
摘要翻译： 在催化反应器中通过由冷却表面间接冷却的金属片分离液体反应产物的方法和装置，并且在片材的两侧具有多个几何形状的突起形式的渗透 具有开放的基部，敞开的底部位于面向催化剂床的片材的侧面上，并且在面向冷却表面的一侧上，开口底部朝下。
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公开(公告)号：US20120269697A1
公开(公告)日：2012-10-25
申请号：US13524910
申请日：2012-06-15
申请人： Max Thorhauge
发明人： Max Thorhauge
IPC分类号： B01J8/02
CPC分类号： B01J8/0285 , B01J8/009 , B01J8/0214 , B01J8/0292 , B01J8/067 , B01J2208/00115 , B01J2208/00123 , B01J2208/00132 , B01J2208/0015 , B01J2208/00212 , B01J2219/00772 , C07C29/152 , Y02P20/52 , C07C31/04
摘要： Improved design of a catalytic method and reactor for the production of methanol at equilibrium conditions, whereby methanol, as it is formed, is separated from the gaseous phase into the liquid phase within the reactor without reducing the catalytic activity of the methanol catalyst. This is achieved by adjusting the boiling point or temperature of a liquid cooling agent being in indirect contact with the catalyst particles and by providing a specific ratio of catalyst bed volume to cooling surface area. Thereby, condensation of methanol as it is formed in the gaseous phase takes place for the most at the cooling surface arranged evenly distributed within the reactor and if at all within a very limited region of the catalyst bed.
摘要翻译： 用于在平衡条件下生产甲醇的催化方法和反应器的改进设计，其中形成的甲醇在反应器内从气相中分离成液相而不降低甲醇催化剂的催化活性。 这是通过调节与催化剂颗粒间接接触的液体冷却剂的沸点或温度，并通过提供催化剂床体积与冷却表面积的特定比例来实现的。 因此，在气相中形成的甲醇的冷凝最多发生在均匀分布在反应器内的冷却表面，如果完全在催化剂床的非常有限的区域内。
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10.发明申请Method for controlling injection of reducing agent in exhaust gas from a combustion engine 有权用于控制来自内燃机的废气中的还原剂的注入的方法公开(公告)号：US20060130461A1
公开(公告)日：2006-06-22
申请号：US11288152
申请日：2005-11-29
申请人： Par Gabrielsson , Ioannis Gekas , Max Thorhauge
发明人： Par Gabrielsson , Ioannis Gekas , Max Thorhauge
IPC分类号： F01N3/00
CPC分类号： F01N3/208 , B01D53/90 , B01D53/9409 , B01D53/9495 , F01N3/206 , F01N2560/025 , F01N2560/026 , F01N2560/06 , F01N2560/07 , F01N2610/02 , F01N2610/08 , F01N2610/146 , Y02T10/24
摘要： The invention relates to a method for controlling injection of a reductant into a NOx containing exhaust gas stream from a combustion engine, where combustion of a known fuel takes place and where the HOx is reduced by selective catalytic reduction, SCR, in the presence of a SCR catalyst, comprising establishing signals related to exhaust gas flow, HOx concentration in the exhaust gas stream upstream of the catalyst, exhaust gas temperature upstream of the SCR catalyst, exhaust gas temperature downstream of the SCR catalyst and to input data for catalyst characteristics. From the signals an adjusted amount of the reductant is calculated by using a calculated amount of reductant and a value d(E*T)/dt, where E is the exhaust gas flow, T is the exhaust gas temperature upstream of the catalyst and t is time.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于控制将还原剂注入含有来自内燃机的含NO x N 2废气流的方法，其中发生了已知燃料的燃烧，其中HO < 在SCR催化剂的存在下，通过选择性催化还原SCR来还原SUB，其包括在催化剂上游的排气流中建立与废气流，HO x x H浓度相关的信号，排气 SCR催化剂上游的温度，SCR催化剂下游的排气温度和输入催化剂特性的数据。 根据该信号，通过使用计算量的还原剂和d（E * T）/ dt计算还原剂的调整量，其中E是排气流量，T是催化剂上游的排气温度，t 是时候了
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