Secure two-way RFID communications
    1.
    发明申请
    Secure two-way RFID communications 审中-公开
    安全双向RFID通信

    公开(公告)号:US20070177738A1

    公开(公告)日:2007-08-02

    申请号:US11356885

    申请日:2006-02-17

    IPC分类号: H04K1/00

    摘要: Methods and apparatus provide secure two-way (reader-to-tag and tag-to-reader) RFID communications. According to one aspect, a tag receives a noise-encrypted RF carrier signal from a reader and backscatter modulates it with tag information. Eavesdroppers cannot extract the tag information from the backscattered signal because it is masked by the noise encryption.

    摘要翻译: 方法和设备提供安全的双向(读写器到标签和标签到阅读器)RFID通信。 根据一个方面,标签从读取器接收噪声加密的RF载波信号,并用标签信息对后向散射进行调制。 窃听者无法从反向散射信号中提取标签信息,因为它被噪声加密掩蔽。

    RFID READER SYSTEMS DETECTING PILOT TONE
    2.
    发明申请
    RFID READER SYSTEMS DETECTING PILOT TONE 审中-公开
    RFID读写器系统检测引导音

    公开(公告)号:US20070109129A1

    公开(公告)日:2007-05-17

    申请号:US11622092

    申请日:2007-01-11

    IPC分类号: G08B13/14

    CPC分类号: G06K7/0008

    摘要: RFID tags are commanded to generate a pilot tone in their backscatter. When the backscattered pilot tone is received in the reader, the pilot tone is used to estimate the tag period/frequency. Then, the estimate is used to seed and lock a symbol timing recovery loop, which provides a detected signal to one or more correlators for detecting the tag preamble. A delayed version of the received tag signal is compared against a baseline signal threshold established from the received signal to detect the pilot tone.

    摘要翻译: 命令RFID标签在其反向散射中产生导频音。 当在读取器中接收到反向散射导频时,使用导频音来估计标签周期/频率。 然后,估计用于对符号定时恢复循环进行种子和锁定,该循环向一个或多个相关器提供检测信号以检测标签前导码。 将接收到的标签信号的延迟版本与从接收信号建立的基线信号阈值进行比较,以检测导频音。

    Secure two-way RFID communications
    3.
    发明申请
    Secure two-way RFID communications 审中-公开
    安全双向RFID通信

    公开(公告)号:US20050058292A1

    公开(公告)日:2005-03-17

    申请号:US10660829

    申请日:2003-09-11

    IPC分类号: G06K7/00 G06K17/00 H04K1/00

    摘要: Methods and apparatus for providing secure two-way (reader-to-tag and tag-to-reader) RFID communications. According to one aspect of the invention, a tag receives a noise-encrypted RF carrier signal from a reader and backscatter modulates it with tag information. Eavesdroppers cannot extract the tag information from the backscattered signal because it is masked by the noise encryption. According to another aspect of the invention, establishing a secure two-way RFID communication link includes a reader modulating a carrier signal with a noise encryption signal and broadcasting the noise-encrypted carrier to a singulated tag. The tag backscatter modulates the noise-encrypted carrier with a first portion of a key and/or a one-time pad pseudorandom number. If a key is used, upon receiving the backscattered signal the reader verifies that the tag is authentic, and, if verified as authentic, transmits a second portion of the key, possibly encrypted by a function depending on the one-time pad pseudorandom number, to the tag.

    摘要翻译: 用于提供安全双向(读写器到标签和标签到阅读器)RFID通信的方法和设备。 根据本发明的一个方面,标签从读取器接收噪声加密的RF载波信号,并用标签信息对后向散射进行调制。 窃听者无法从反向散射信号中提取标签信息,因为它被噪声加密掩蔽。 根据本发明的另一方面,建立安全双向RFID通信链路包括读取器,利用噪声加密信号调制载波信号,并将经噪声加密的载波广播到单个标签。 标签反向散射利用键的第一部分和/或一次性衬垫伪随机数来调制噪声加密的载波。 如果使用密钥,则在接收到反向散射信号时,读取器验证标签是可信的,并且如果被证实为真实的,则发送密钥的第二部分,可能由根据一次性衬垫伪随机数的功能加密, 到标签。

    Performance driven adjustment of RFID waveform shape
    5.
    发明申请
    Performance driven adjustment of RFID waveform shape 有权
    性能驱动调整RFID波形形状

    公开(公告)号:US20060261955A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-11-23

    申请号:US11412172

    申请日:2006-04-25

    IPC分类号: G08B13/14

    CPC分类号: G06K7/0008 G06K19/0723

    摘要: Systems, software, devices, and methods are described for an RFID reader system to communicate with RFID tags. RF energy encountered in conjunction with using a selected channel is detected and used to adjust a waveform shaping parameter in combination with a performance requirement. RF waves can be transmitted from the reader to the RFID tags and RF waves can be backscattered from the RFID tags. At least some of the RF waves transmitted to or backscattered from the RFID tags have a waveform with a shape according to the adjusted waveform shaping parameter.

    摘要翻译: 描述了RFID读取器系统与RFID标签通信的系统,软件,设备和方法。 检测并结合使用所选通道遇到的RF能量,并结合演奏要求调整波形整形参数。 RF波可以从读取器发送到RFID标签,并且RF波可以从RFID标签反向散射。 从RFID标签发射或反向散射的至少一些RF波具有根据经调整的波形整形参数的形状的波形。

    Compact non-volatile memory cell and array system
    6.
    发明申请
    Compact non-volatile memory cell and array system 有权
    紧凑型非易失性存储单元和阵列系统

    公开(公告)号:US20060209597A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-09-21

    申请号:US11084213

    申请日:2005-03-17

    IPC分类号: G11C11/34

    CPC分类号: G11C16/24

    摘要: NVM arrays include rows and columns of NVM cells comprising a floating gate, a programming element, and a logic storage element. During a programming or erase mode, the floating gate of each cell is charged to a predetermined level. At the beginning of a read mode, all storage elements are pre-charged to a high supply voltage level. Following the pre-charge, selected cells are read to determine stored bit values. A charge status of the floating gate of each cell determines whether the storage element is turned on and the pre-charge voltage is pulled down corresponding to a bit value.

    摘要翻译: NVM阵列包括包括浮动栅极,编程元件和逻辑存储元件的NVM单元的行和列。 在编程或擦除模式期间,每个单元的浮置栅极被充电到预定的电平。 在读取模式开始时,所有存储元件都被预先充电到高电源电压。 在预充电之后,读取所选择的单元以确定存储的位值。 每个单元的浮动栅极的充电状态确定存储元件是否导通,并且预充电电压相应于位值被下拉。

    Inventorying RFID tags by employing a query parameter Q that is adjusted for improving
    8.
    发明申请
    Inventorying RFID tags by employing a query parameter Q that is adjusted for improving 审中-公开
    通过采用调整为改进的查询参数Q来清点RFID标签

    公开(公告)号:US20050280505A1

    公开(公告)日:2005-12-22

    申请号:US11210384

    申请日:2005-08-24

    IPC分类号: G06K7/00 G08B13/14 H04Q5/22

    CPC分类号: G06K7/10019 G06K7/0008

    摘要: An RFID reader inventories a population of tags. The reader evaluates responses from tags by categorizing them in slots. As tags are inventoried, the number of slots based on a Q-parameter is reduced. The reader addresses the tags by communicating a Q1 value for the Q parameter, generates first contents from replies received from the tags, and computes a first merit statistic based on the first contents. Next, the reader determines a Q2 value for the Q parameter, which if used in the same way would meet a preset fairway condition better than the first merit statistic. After determining the Q2 value, the reader addresses a portion of the tags by communicating the Q2 value for the Q parameter.

    摘要翻译: RFID阅读器可以存储大量的标签。 读者通过在插槽中对它们进行分类来评估标签的响应。 随着标签被盘点,减少了基于Q参数的槽数。 读者通过传送Q参数的Q 1值来寻址标签,从从标签接收的回复中生成第一内容,并且基于第一内容计算第一优值统计量。 接下来,读取器确定Q参数的Q 2值,如果以相同的方式使用,则可以比第一优点统计量更好地满足预设的球道条件。 在确定Q 2值之后,读取器通过传达Q参数的Q 2值来寻址标签的一部分。

    RFID tag uncoupling one of its antenna ports and methods
    9.
    发明申请
    RFID tag uncoupling one of its antenna ports and methods 有权
    RFID标签解耦其天线端口之一和方法

    公开(公告)号:US20050212674A1

    公开(公告)日:2005-09-29

    申请号:US10891894

    申请日:2004-07-14

    IPC分类号: G06K19/077 G08B13/14

    CPC分类号: G06K19/07767 G06K19/07749

    摘要: RFID tags have an on-chip antenna and an off-chip antenna. One of the antennas can become uncoupled if the proper signal is received, while the other antenna may still operate. The uncoupled antenna can be the larger one, for example the off-chip antenna. Then the tag can then be read only by the smaller antenna, which effectively reduces the range of the RFID tag, but without disabling it entirely.

    摘要翻译: RFID标签具有片上天线和片外天线。 如果接收到适当的信号,其中一个天线可能会脱耦,而另一个天线仍然可以工作。 非耦合天线可以是较大的天线,例如片外天线。 那么标签然后可以被较小的天线读取,这有效地减少了RFID标签的范围,但是没有完全禁用它。

    Method and apparatus for programming single-poly pFET-based nonvolatile memory cells
    10.
    发明申请
    Method and apparatus for programming single-poly pFET-based nonvolatile memory cells 有权
    用于编程基于单多晶硅pFET的非易失性存储单元的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US20050030826A1

    公开(公告)日:2005-02-10

    申请号:US10936282

    申请日:2004-09-07

    IPC分类号: G11C16/34 G11C11/34

    摘要: Methods and apparatuses for programming a single-poly pFET-based nonvolatile memory cell bias the cell so that band-to-band tunneling (BTBT) is induced and electrons generated by the BTBT are injected onto a floating gate of the cell. Following a predetermined event, the single-poly pFET is biased to induce impact-ionized hot-electron injection (IHEI). The predetermined event may be, for example, the expiration of a predetermined time period or a determination that a channel has been formed by the BTBT injection process that is sufficiently conducting to support IHEI. Employing BTBT permits a previously overerased or stuck bit to be “unstuck” or “removed” and thus be made usable (i.e., able to be programmed) again.

    摘要翻译: 用于编程基于单多晶硅pFET的非易失性存储单元的方法和装置偏置该单元,从而导致带间隧穿(BTBT),并且由BTBT产生的电子注入到该单元的浮动栅极上。 在预定事件之后,单多晶硅pFET被偏置以引起冲击电离热电子注入(IHEI)。 预定事件可以是例如预定时间段的到期或通过充分进行支持IHEI的BTBT注入处理形成的信道的确定。 使用BTBT允许先前已过度或卡住的位被“解锁”或“移除”,并因此被再次使用(即能够被编程)。