公开(公告)号：US08204689B2

公开(公告)日：2012-06-19

申请号：US12253594

申请日：2008-10-17

申请人： Colin Christy ,  Paul Drummond

发明人： Colin Christy ,  Paul Drummond

IPC分类号： G01V3/38 ,  G01N31/00

CPC分类号： G01V8/02 ,  A01B79/005 ,  A01C21/007 ,  G01N21/15 ,  G01N21/276 ,  G01N21/3563 ,  G01N21/359

摘要： A mobile soil mapping system includes an implement for traversing a field to be mapped, and a reflectance module carried by the implement for collecting spectroscopic measurements of soil in the field. The reflectance module has a light source, an optical receiver for transmitting light to a spectrometer, and a shutter system that alters the optical path between the light source and the optical receiver. The shutter system allows the system to automatically collect a dark reference measurement and a known reference material measurement at timed intervals to compensate for drift of the spectrometer and the light source. A self-cleaning window on the reflectance module has a lower surface maintained in firm contact with the soil during operation. External reference blocks are used to calibrate the system to ensure standardized, repeatable data. Additional sensors are carried by the implement to collect other soil data, such as electrical conductivity and temperature.

摘要翻译： 移动土壤测绘系统包括用于遍历要映射的场的工具，以及由该工具承载的用于收集现场土壤光谱测量的反射模块。 反射率模块具有光源，用于将光传输到光谱仪的光接收器，以及改变光源和光接收器之间的光路的快门系统。 快门系统允许系统以定时的间隔自动采集暗参考测量和已知参考材料测量，以补偿光谱仪和光源的漂移。 反射模块上的自清洁窗口在操作期间具有保持与土壤牢固接触的​​较低表面。 外部参考块用于校准系统以确保标准化，可重复的数据。 附加传感器由工具承载以收集其他土壤数据，例如电导率和温度。

公开(公告)号：US09285501B2

公开(公告)日：2016-03-15

申请号：US12612375

申请日：2009-11-04

申请人： Colin Christy ,  Paul Drummond ,  Giyoung Kweon ,  Chase Maxton ,  Kenton Dreiling ,  Kyle Jensen ,  Eric Lund

发明人： Colin Christy ,  Paul Drummond ,  Giyoung Kweon ,  Chase Maxton ,  Kenton Dreiling ,  Kyle Jensen ,  Eric Lund

IPC分类号： G01N31/00 ,  G01N33/24 ,  G01V11/00 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N21/85 ,  G01N21/3563

CPC分类号： G01V11/00 ,  G01N21/3563 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N21/8507

摘要： A multi-sensor system rapidly measures diffuse reflectance of soil, soil conductivity, and other soil properties in situ, in three dimensions. The system includes a tractor-drawn implement containing a sensor shank used for X-Y axis measurements, a hydraulic probe implement containing a sensor probe for −Z axis measurements, and a set of visible and near-infrared spectrometers, controls, and firmware that are shared by each implement. Both implements include optical sensors and soil electrical conductivity sensors. The probe implement incorporates a sensor that measures insertion force, and the shank implement includes a soil temperature sensor. These combinations of sensors are used to calibrate the system and to characterize the soil properties within a field or area. Geo-referenced soil measurements are collected with the shank implement to identify optimal locations for conducting sensor probe insertions. The probe implement is then used for sensor probing and for collecting soil core samples for lab analysis.

摘要翻译： 多传感器系统在三维方面快速测量土壤，土壤电导率和其他土壤性质的漫反射。 该系统包括一个拖拉机牵引工具，其中包含用于XY轴测量的传感器柄，包含用于-Z轴测量的传感器探头的液压探头工具以及共享的一组可见光和近红外光谱仪，控制和固件 由每个工具。 两种工具都包括光学传感器和土壤电导率传感器。 探头工具包括测量插入力的传感器，并且柄部件包括土壤温度传感器。 传感器的这些组合用于校准系统和表征场或区域内的土壤性质。 采用柄部工具收集地质参考土壤测量，以确定传感器探针插入的最佳位置。 然后将探头工具用于传感器探测和收集土壤样品进行实验室分析。

公开(公告)号：US20050172733A1

公开(公告)日：2005-08-11

申请号：US11056807

申请日：2005-02-10

申请人： Paul Drummond ,  Eric Lund ,  Kevin Collings ,  Colin Christy

发明人： Paul Drummond ,  Eric Lund ,  Kevin Collings ,  Colin Christy

IPC分类号： A01B79/00 ,  G01N1/08 ,  G01N33/24 ,  G01N1/04

CPC分类号： A01B79/005 ,  G01N1/08 ,  G01N2001/021 ,  G01N2033/245

摘要： A soil sampling implement and method have a sampler assembly supported from an implement frame for movement across a field. The sampler assembly includes a tapered cylindrical cutting shoe and a soil collection trough. The cutting shoe has a leading cutting edge arranged for movement through soil in a horizontal direction to cut a cylindrical core sample. A sensing device is provided for measuring at least one soil property. The sampler assembly is moved between a lowered position in which the cutting shoe is positioned at a selected sampling depth, and a raised position in which the cutting shoe is positioned above the soil surface and a soil sample contained in the soil collection trough is brought into contact with the sensing device. A cutting shoe scraper engages and cleans the leading cutting edge of the cutting shoe when the sampler assembly is moved between the lowered and raised positions.

摘要翻译： 土壤取样工具和方法具有从实施框架支撑的用于在田间运动的采样器组件。 采样器组件包括锥形圆柱形切割鞋和土壤收集槽。 切割鞋具有前沿切割边缘，其布置成沿水平方向移动通过土壤以切割圆柱形芯样品。 提供用于测量至少一个土壤性质的感测装置。 采样器组件在切割靴定位在选定采样深度的下降位置和切割靴位于土壤表面上方的升高位置之间移动，并且将包含在土壤收集槽中的土壤样品带入 与感测装置接触。 当采样器组件在降低和升高位置之间移动时，切割刮板刮刀接合并清洁切割板的前切割刃。

公开(公告)号：US20110106451A1

公开(公告)日：2011-05-05

申请号：US12612375

申请日：2009-11-04

申请人： Colin Christy ,  Paul Drummond ,  Giyoung Kweon ,  Chase Maxton ,  Kenton Dreiling ,  Kyle Jensen ,  Eric Lund

发明人： Colin Christy ,  Paul Drummond ,  Giyoung Kweon ,  Chase Maxton ,  Kenton Dreiling ,  Kyle Jensen ,  Eric Lund

IPC分类号： G01V3/38

CPC分类号： G01V11/00 ,  G01N21/3563 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N21/8507

摘要： A multi-sensor system rapidly measures diffuse reflectance of soil, soil conductivity, and other soil properties in situ, in three dimensions. The system includes a tractor-drawn implement containing a sensor shank used for X-Y axis measurements, a hydraulic probe implement containing a sensor probe for −Z axis measurements, and a set of visible and near-infrared spectrometers, controls, and firmware that are shared by each implement. Both implements include optical sensors and soil electrical conductivity sensors. The probe implement incorporates a sensor that measures insertion force, and the shank implement includes a soil temperature sensor. These combinations of sensors are used to calibrate the system and to characterize the soil properties within a field or area. Geo-referenced soil measurements are collected with the shank implement to identify optimal locations for conducting sensor probe insertions. The probe implement is then used for sensor probing and for collecting soil core samples for lab analysis.

摘要翻译： 多传感器系统在三维方面快速测量土壤，土壤电导率和其他土壤性质的漫反射。 该系统包括一个拖拉机牵引工具，其中包含用于XY轴测量的传感器柄，包含用于-Z轴测量的传感器探头的液压探头工具以及共享的一组可见光和近红外光谱仪，控制和固件 由每个工具。 两种工具都包括光学传感器和土壤电导率传感器。 探头工具包括测量插入力的传感器，并且柄部件包括土壤温度传感器。 传感器的这些组合用于校准系统和表征场或区域内的土壤性质。 采用柄部工具收集地质参考土壤测量，以确定传感器探针插入的最佳位置。 然后将探头工具用于传感器探测和收集土壤样品进行实验室分析。

公开(公告)号：US20090112475A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-30

申请号：US12253594

申请日：2008-10-17

申请人： Colin Christy ,  Paul Drummond

发明人： Colin Christy ,  Paul Drummond

IPC分类号： G01V3/38

CPC分类号： G01V8/02 ,  A01B79/005 ,  A01C21/007 ,  G01N21/15 ,  G01N21/276 ,  G01N21/3563 ,  G01N21/359

摘要： A mobile soil mapping system includes an implement for traversing a field to be mapped, and a reflectance module carried by the implement for collecting spectroscopic measurements of soil in the field. The reflectance module has a light source, an optical receiver for transmitting light to a spectrometer, and a shutter system that alters the optical path between the light source and the optical receiver. The shutter system allows the system to automatically collect a dark reference measurement and a known reference material measurement at timed intervals to compensate for drift of the spectrometer and the light source. A self-cleaning window on the reflectance module has a lower surface maintained in firm contact with the soil during operation. External reference blocks are used to calibrate the system to ensure standardized, repeatable data. Additional sensors are carried by the implement to collect other soil data, such as electrical conductivity and temperature.

摘要翻译： 移动土壤测绘系统包括用于遍历要映射的场的工具，以及由该工具承载的用于收集现场土壤光谱测量的反射模块。 反射率模块具有光源，用于将光传输到光谱仪的光接收器，以及改变光源和光接收器之间的光路的快门系统。 快门系统允许系统以定时的间隔自动采集暗参考测量和已知参考材料测量，以补偿光谱仪和光源的漂移。 反射模块上的自清洁窗口在操作期间具有保持与土壤牢固接触的​​较低表面。 外部参考块用于校准系统以确保标准化，可重复的数据。 附加传感器由工具承载以收集其他土壤数据，例如电导率和温度。

公开(公告)号：US07216555B2

公开(公告)日：2007-05-15

申请号：US11056807

申请日：2005-02-10

申请人： Paul Drummond ,  Eric Lund ,  Kevin Collings ,  Colin Christy

发明人： Paul Drummond ,  Eric Lund ,  Kevin Collings ,  Colin Christy

IPC分类号： G01N1/00

CPC分类号： A01B79/005 ,  G01N1/08 ,  G01N2001/021 ,  G01N2033/245

摘要： A soil sampling implement and method have a sampler assembly supported from an implement frame for movement across a field. The sampler assembly includes a tapered cylindrical cutting shoe and a soil collection trough. The cutting shoe has a leading cutting edge arranged for movement through soil in a horizontal direction to cut a cylindrical core sample. A sensing device is provided for measuring at least one soil property. The sampler assembly is moved between a lowered position in which the cutting shoe is positioned at a selected sampling depth, and a raised position in which the cutting shoe is positioned above the soil surface and a soil sample contained in the soil collection trough is brought into contact with the sensing device. A cutting shoe scraper engages and cleans the leading cutting edge of the cutting shoe when the sampler assembly is moved between the lowered and raised positions.

摘要翻译： 土壤取样工具和方法具有从实施框架支撑的用于在田间运动的采样器组件。 采样器组件包括锥形圆柱形切割鞋和土壤收集槽。 切割鞋具有前沿切割边缘，其布置成沿水平方向移动通过土壤以切割圆柱形芯样品。 提供用于测量至少一个土壤性质的感测装置。 采样器组件在切割靴定位在选定采样深度的下降位置和切割靴位于土壤表面上方的升高位置之间移动，并且将包含在土壤收集槽中的土壤样品带入 与感测装置接触。 当采样器组件在降低和升高位置之间移动时，切割刮板刮刀接合并清洁切割板的前切割刃。

公开(公告)号：US5841282A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-24

申请号：US798222

申请日：1997-02-10

申请人： Colin Christy ,  Eric Lund

发明人： Colin Christy ,  Eric Lund

IPC分类号： A01B79/00 ,  G01R27/26 ,  A01C23/00

CPC分类号： A01B79/005 ,  Y10S111/903

摘要： Device for measuring soil conductivity is comprised of a frame adapted to be conveyed over a ground surface and plurality of soil engaging coulters insulated from each other and insulatively mounted to this frame. This device also includes means for passing a current between a first pair of coulters through the soil and means for measuring this current. It further comprises means for measuring the resulting voltage between a second pair of coulters. This device for measuring soil conductivity also is comprised of electrical contact members which provide consistent electrical contact from the coulter to the means for measuring current and voltage. An electrical signal received by a coulter travels to a mounting flange and then to a dust cap. The dust cap passes this electrical signal to the spindle by way of a spring-loaded plunger. This electrical signal travels from the fixed spindle to the means for measuring current and voltage. This device is further able to calculate soil conductivity from the voltage and current measurements. In addition, the measurements from this device may be geo-referenced so as to produce a map showing the changes in soil conductivity or topsoil depth across a field. Furthermore, this device is capable of simultaneously measuring soil conductivity of at least two different soil depths in a single pass.

摘要翻译： 用于测量土壤导电性的装置包括适于在地面上传送的框架和彼此绝缘并绝缘地安装到该框架上的多个土壤接合仓库。 该装置还包括用于在第一对仓库通过土壤之间传递电流的装置和用于测量该电流的装置。 它还包括用于测量第二对绞车之间产生的电压的装置。 这种用于测量土壤电导率的装置还包括电接触构件，其提供从库尔特到用于测量电流和电压的装置的一致的电接触。 由仓库接收的电信号行进到安装法兰，然后到达防尘盖。 防尘帽通过弹簧加载的柱塞将此电信号传递到主轴。 该电信号从固定主轴移动到用于测量电流和电压的装置。 该装置还能够根据电压和电流测量来计算土壤电导率。 此外，来自该装置的测量可以是地理参考的，以便产生显示田间土壤电导率或表土深度变化的图。 此外，该装置能够在单次通过中同时测量至少两个不同土壤深度的土壤电导率。