公开(公告)号：US06936471B2

公开(公告)日：2005-08-30

申请号：US09779149

申请日：2001-02-08

Applicant: Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  J. Christopher Freitag ,  Oleg Kolosov ,  James R. Engstrom ,  Adam Safir ,  Ravi Srinivasan ,  Leonid Matsiev

Inventor： Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  J. Christopher Freitag ,  Oleg Kolosov ,  James R. Engstrom ,  Adam Safir ,  Ravi Srinivasan ,  Leonid Matsiev

IPC: G01N11/00 ,  B01L3/00 ,  G01N1/28 ,  G01N3/02 ,  G01N3/08 ,  G01N3/20 ,  G01N3/32 ,  G01N5/00 ,  G01N19/00 ,  G01N29/02 ,  G01N29/22 ,  G01N37/00 ,  G01N31/00 ,  G01N3/00

CPC classification number: B01L3/5085 ,  B01J2219/00707 ,  B01J2219/00718 ,  G01N5/00 ,  G01N11/00 ,  G01N19/00 ,  G01N29/02 ,  G01N29/222 ,  G01N2203/0286 ,  G01N2291/02466 ,  G01N2291/0255 ,  G01N2291/02818 ,  G01N2291/106 ,  Y10T436/12

Abstract: An apparatus and method for screening combinatorial libraries of materials by measuring the response of individual library members to mechanical perturbations is described. The apparatus generally includes a sample holder for containing the library members, an array of probes for mechanically perturbing individual library members, and an array of sensors for measuring the response of each of the library members to the mechanical perturbations. Library members undergoing screening make up a sample array, and individual library members constitute elements of the sample array that are confined to specific locations on the sample holder. During screening, the apparatus mechanically perturbs individual library members by displacing the sample array (sample holder) and the array of probes. Typically, all of the elements of the sample array are perturbed simultaneously, but the apparatus also can also perturb individual or groups of sample array elements sequentially. The flexible apparatus and method can screen libraries of materials based on many different bulk physical properties, including Young's modulus (flexure, uniaxial extension, biaxial compression, and shear); hardness (indentation), failure (stress and strain at failure, toughness), adhesion (tack, loop tack), and flow (viscosity, melt flow indexing, and rheology), among others.

Abstract translation: 描述了通过测量单个文库成员对机械扰动的响应来筛选材料组合文库的装置和方法。 该装置通常包括用于容纳库构件的样本保持器，用于机械扰乱各个库构件的探针阵列，以及用于测量每个库构件对机械扰动的响应的传感器阵列。 正在进行筛选的图书馆成员组成一个样本数组，单独的图书馆成员构成了样本数组的元素，它们限于样本持有者的特定位置。 在筛选期间，设备通过移位样品阵列（样品架）和探针阵列来机械地干扰各个库成员。 通常，样本阵列的所有元素都被同时扰动，但是该装置也可以顺序扰乱单个或组的样本阵列元素。 灵活的装置和方法可以基于许多不同的体积物理性质（包括杨氏模量（挠曲，单轴延伸，双轴压缩和剪切））筛选材料库; 硬度（压痕），破坏（破坏时的应力和应变，韧性），粘附性（粘性，环粘性）和流动性（粘度，熔体流动指数和流变学）等。

公开(公告)号：US07047794B2

公开(公告)日：2006-05-23

申请号：US11090755

申请日：2005-03-25

Applicant: Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  Ravi Srinivasan

Inventor： Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  Ravi Srinivasan

IPC: G01N11/10

CPC classification number: G01N3/24 ,  G01N11/16 ,  G01N2203/0051 ,  G01N2203/0286 ,  G01N2203/0623

Abstract: The present invention relates to a miniature rheometer, a parallel rheometer, and improved force sensor elements which may advantageously be used in combination with the miniature rheometer and the parallel rheometer. The miniature rheometer is adapted to determine rheological characteristics of materials which are provided in the form of small quantity samples. The miniature rheometer comprises an actuating element, a sensing element and a feedback circuit to provide rebalance of the shear force applied by the sample to the sensing element, which insures an exceptional stiffness in determining the shear strain so as to allow measurements of high accuracy. The parallel rheometer of the present invention allows simultaneous measurements of a plurality of samples so as to allow of a plurality of samples within a short time period. The force sensor element according to the present invention allows simultaneous measurement of a shear force and a normal force applied to the sensor element. Moreover, a rheometer is provided which comprises a force sensor based on stress-optic material.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及微型流变仪，平行流变仪和改进的力传感器元件，其可有利地与微型流变仪和平行流变仪组合使用。 微型流变仪适用于确定以少量样品形式提供的材料的流变特性。 微型流变仪包括致动元件，感测元件和反馈电路，以提供由样品施加到感测元件的剪切力的重新平衡，这确保了确定剪切应变的特殊刚度，以便允许高精度的测量。 本发明的并行流变仪允许多个样本的同时测量，以便在短时间内允许多个样本。 根据本发明的力传感器元件允许同时测量施加到传感器元件的剪切力和法向力。 此外，提供了一种流变仪，其包括基于应力光学材料的力传感器。

公开(公告)号：US06655194B2

公开(公告)日：2003-12-02

申请号：US10262303

申请日：2002-10-01

Applicant: Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  Ravi Srinivasan

Inventor： Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  Ravi Srinivasan

IPC: G01N1110

CPC classification number: G01N3/24 ,  G01N11/16 ,  G01N2203/0051 ,  G01N2203/0286 ,  G01N2203/0623

Abstract: The present invention relates to a miniature rheometer, a parallel rheometer, and improved force sensor elements which may advantageously be used in combination with the miniature rheometer and the parallel rheometer. The miniature rheometer is adapted to determine rheological characteristics of materials which are provided in the form of small quantity samples. The miniature rheometer comprises an actuating element, a sensing element and a feedback circuit to provide rebalance of the shear force applied by the sample to the sensing element, which insures an exceptional stiffness in determining the shear strain so as to allow measurements of high accuracy. The parallel rheometer of the present invention allows simultaneous measurements of a plurality of samples so as to allow of a plurality of samples within a short time period. The force sensor element according to the present invention allows simultaneous measurement of a shear force and a normal force applied to the sensor element. Moreover, a rheometer is provided which comprises a force sensor based on stress-optic material.

公开(公告)号：US06681618B2

公开(公告)日：2004-01-27

申请号：US10262369

申请日：2002-10-01

Applicant: Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  Ravi Srinivasan

Inventor： Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  Ravi Srinivasan

IPC: G01N1110

CPC classification number: G01N3/24 ,  G01N11/16 ,  G01N2203/0051 ,  G01N2203/0286 ,  G01N2203/0623

Abstract: The present invention relates to a miniature rheometer and improved force sensor elements which may advantageously be used in combination with the miniature rheometer. The miniature rheometer is adapted to determine rheological characteristics of materials which are provided in the form of small quantity samples. The force sensor element according to the present invention allows simultaneous measurement of a shear force and a normal force applied to the sensor element. Moreover, the force sensor may employ stress-optic material.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及微型流变仪和改进的力传感器元件，其可有利地与微型流变仪组合使用。 微型流变仪适用于确定以少量样品形式提供的材料的流变特性。 根据本发明的力传感器元件允许同时测量施加到传感器元件的剪切力和法向力。 此外，力传感器可以采用应力 - 光学材料。

公开(公告)号：US06668622B2

公开(公告)日：2003-12-30

申请号：US10205060

申请日：2002-07-25

Applicant: Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  Ravi Srinivasan

Inventor： Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  Ravi Srinivasan

IPC: G01N1110

CPC classification number: G01N3/24 ,  G01N11/16 ,  G01N2203/0051 ,  G01N2203/0286 ,  G01N2203/0623

Abstract: The present invention relates to a miniature rheometer, a parallel rheometer, and improved force sensor elements which may advantageously be used in combination with the miniature rheometer and the parallel rheometer. The miniature rheometer is adapted to determine rheological characteristics of materials which are provided in the form of small quantity samples. The miniature rheometer comprises an actuating element, a sensing element and a feedback circuit to provide rebalance of the shear force applied by the sample to the sensing element, which insures an exceptional stiffness in determining the shear strain so as to allow measurements of high accuracy. The parallel rheometer of the present invention allows simultaneous measurements of a plurality of samples so as to allow of a plurality of samples within a short time period. The force sensor element according to the present invention allows simultaneous measurement of a shear force and a normal force applied to the sensor element. Moreover, a rheometer is provided which comprises a force sensor based on stress-optic material.

公开(公告)号：US06484567B1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-26

申请号：US09632378

申请日：2000-08-03

Applicant: Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  Ravi Srinivasan

Inventor： Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  Ravi Srinivasan

IPC: G01N1110

CPC classification number: G01N3/24 ,  G01N11/16 ,  G01N2203/0051 ,  G01N2203/0286 ,  G01N2203/0623

Abstract: The present invention relates to a parallel rheometer and improved force sensor elements, which may advantageously be used in combination with the parallel rheometer. The parallel rheometer of the present invention allows simultaneous measurements of a plurality of samples so as to allow characterization of a plurality of samples within a short time period. The force sensor element according to the present invention allows simultaneous measurement of a shear force and a normal force applied to the sensor element. Moreover, the force sensor may employ stress-optic material.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及平行流变仪和改进的力传感器元件，其可有利地与平行流变仪组合使用。 本发明的并行流变仪允许多个样本的同时测量，以便允许在短时间内表征多个样本。 根据本发明的力传感器元件允许同时测量施加到传感器元件的剪切力和法向力。 此外，力传感器可以采用应力 - 光学材料。

公开(公告)号：US20050166667A1

公开(公告)日：2005-08-04

申请号：US11090755

申请日：2005-03-25

Applicant: Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  Ravi Srinivasan

Inventor： Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  Ravi Srinivasan

IPC: G01N19/00 ,  G01L1/16 ,  G01L1/24 ,  G01N3/02 ,  G01N3/24 ,  G01N11/14 ,  G01N11/16

CPC classification number: G01N3/24 ,  G01N11/16 ,  G01N2203/0051 ,  G01N2203/0286 ,  G01N2203/0623

Abstract: The present invention relates to a miniature rheometer, a parallel rheometer, and improved force sensor elements which may advantageously be used in combination with the miniature rheometer and the parallel rheometer. The miniature rheometer is adapted to determine rheological characteristics of materials which are provided in the form of small quantity samples. The miniature rheometer comprises an actuating element, a sensing element and a feedback circuit to provide rebalance of the shear force applied by the sample to the sensing element, which insures an exceptional stiffness in determining the shear strain so as to allow measurements of high accuracy. The parallel rheometer of the present invention allows simultaneous measurements of a plurality of samples so as to allow of a plurality of samples within a short time period. The force sensor element according to the present invention allows simultaneous measurement of a shear force and a normal force applied to the sensor element. Moreover, a rheometer is provided which comprises a force sensor based on stress-optic material.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及微型流变仪，平行流变仪和改进的力传感器元件，其可有利地与微型流变仪和平行流变仪组合使用。 微型流变仪适用于确定以少量样品形式提供的材料的流变特性。 微型流变仪包括致动元件，感测元件和反馈电路，以提供由样品施加到感测元件的剪切力的重新平衡，这确保了确定剪切应变的特殊刚度，以便允许高精度的测量。 本发明的并行流变仪允许多个样本的同时测量，以便在短时间内允许多个样本。 根据本发明的力传感器元件允许同时测量施加到传感器元件的剪切力和法向力。 此外，提供了一种流变仪，其包括基于应力光学材料的力传感器。

公开(公告)号：US06644101B2

公开(公告)日：2003-11-11

申请号：US10261945

申请日：2002-10-01

Applicant: Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  Ravi Srinivasan

Inventor： Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  Ravi Srinivasan

IPC: G01N1110

CPC classification number: G01N3/24 ,  G01N11/16 ,  G01N2203/0051 ,  G01N2203/0286 ,  G01N2203/0623

Abstract: The present invention relates to a miniature rheometer, a parallel rheometer, and improved force sensor elements which may advantageously be used in combination with the miniature rheometer and the parallel rheometer. The miniature rheometer is adapted to determine rheological characteristics of materials which are provided in the form of small quantity samples. The miniature rheometer comprises an actuating element, a sensing element and a feedback circuit to provide rebalance of the shear force applied by the sample to the sensing element, which insures an exceptional stiffness in determining the shear strain so as to allow measurements of high accuracy. The parallel rheometer of the present invention allows simultaneous measurements of a plurality of samples so as to allow of a plurality of samples within a short time period. The force sensor element according to the present invention allows simultaneous measurement of a shear force and a normal force applied to the sensor element. Moreover, a rheometer is provided which comprises a force sensor based on stress-optic material.

公开(公告)号：US06679130B2

公开(公告)日：2004-01-20

申请号：US09779148

申请日：2001-02-08

Applicant: Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  J. Christopher Freitag ,  Oleg Kosolov

Inventor： Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson ,  J. Christopher Freitag ,  Oleg Kosolov

IPC: G01N300

CPC classification number: B01L3/5085 ,  B01J2219/00707 ,  B01J2219/00718 ,  G01N5/00 ,  G01N11/00 ,  G01N19/00 ,  G01N29/02 ,  G01N29/222 ,  G01N2203/0286 ,  G01N2291/02466 ,  G01N2291/0255 ,  G01N2291/02818 ,  G01N2291/106 ,  Y10T436/12

Abstract: An apparatus and method for screening combinatorial libraries of materials by measuring the response of individual library members to mechanical perturbations is described. The apparatus generally includes a sample holder for containing the library members, an array of probes for mechanically perturbing individual library members, and an array of sensors for measuring the response of each of the library members to the mechanical perturbations. Library members undergoing screening make up a sample array, and individual library members constitute elements of the sample array that are confined to specific locations on the sample holder. During screening, the apparatus mechanically perturbs individual library members by displacing the sample array (sample holder) and the array of probes. Typically, all of the elements of the sample array are perturbed simultaneously, but the apparatus also can also perturb individual or groups of sample array elements sequentially. The flexible apparatus and method can screen libraries of materials based on many different bulk physical properties, including Young's modulus (flexure, uniaxial extension, biaxial compression, and shear); hardness (indentation), failure (stress and strain at failure, toughness), adhesion (tack, loop tack), and flow (viscosity, melt flow indexing, and rheology), among others.

Abstract translation: 描述了通过测量单个文库成员对机械扰动的响应来筛选材料组合文库的装置和方法。 该装置通常包括用于容纳库构件的样本保持器，用于机械扰乱各个库构件的探针阵列，以及用于测量每个库构件对机械扰动的响应的传感器阵列。 正在进行筛选的图书馆成员组成一个样本数组，单独的图书馆成员构成了样本数组的元素，它们限于样本持有者的特定位置。 在筛选期间，设备通过移位样品阵列（样品架）和探针阵列来机械地干扰各个库成员。 通常，样本阵列的所有元素都被同时扰动，但是该装置也可以顺序扰乱单个或组的样本阵列元素。 灵活的装置和方法可以基于许多不同的体积物理性质（包括杨氏模量（挠曲，单轴延伸，双轴压缩和剪切））筛选材料库; 硬度（压痕），破坏（破坏时的应力和应变，韧性），粘附性（粘性，环粘性）和流动性（粘度，熔体流动指数和流变学）等。

公开(公告)号：US06535284B1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-18

申请号：US09579338

申请日：2000-05-25

Applicant: Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson

Inventor： Damian Hajduk ,  Eric Carlson

IPC: G01J400

CPC classification number: G01N21/21 ,  B01J2219/00286 ,  B01J2219/00315 ,  B01J2219/00585 ,  B01J2219/00659 ,  B01J2219/00707 ,  B01J2219/0072 ,  B01J2219/00745 ,  C40B40/18 ,  C40B60/14 ,  G01J4/04 ,  G01N2201/0813

Abstract: A method and apparatus for characterizing and screening an array of material samples is disclosed. The apparatus includes a sample block having a plurality of regions for containing the material samples, a polarized light source to illuminate the materials, an analyzer having a polarization direction different than the polarization direction of the polarized light source, and a detector for analyzing changes in the intensity of the light beams. The light source, together with a polarizer, may include a plurality of light beams to simultaneously illuminate the entire array of materials with linearly polarized light so that characterization and screening can be performed in parallel. In addition, the materials in the sample block maybe subjected to different environmental conditions or mechanical stresses, and the detector analyzes the array as a function of the different environmental conditions or mechanical stresses.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种表征和筛选材料样品阵列的方法和装置。 该装置包括具有用于容纳材料样本的多个区域的样本块，用于照射材料的偏振光源，具有与偏振光源的偏振方向不同的偏振方向的分析器，以及用于分析变化的检测器 光束的强度。 光源与偏振器一起可以包括多个光束，以同时以线性偏振光照射整个材料阵列，从而可以并行执行表征和筛选。 此外，样品块中的材料可能经受不同的环境条件或机械应力，并且检测器根据不同的环境条件或机械应力来分析阵列。