Abstract:
A line spectral frequency (LSF) vector quantizer, having particular application in digital cellular networks (DCN), is provided for code excited linear predictive (CELP) speech encoders. The LSF vector quantizer is efficient in terms of bits employed, robust and effective in terms of performance across speakers and handsets, moderate in terms of complexity, and accommodates effective and simple built-in transmission error detection schemes. The LSF vector quantizer employs a minimum number of bits, is of moderate complexity and incorporates built-in error detection capability in order to combat transmission errors. The LSF vector quantizer classifies unquantized line spectral frequencies into four categories, employing different vector quantization tables for each category. Each quantization table is optimized for particular types of vectors. For each category, three split vector codebooks are used with a simplified error measure to find three candidate split quantized vectors. The three sets of three split vectors are combined to produce as many as 27 vectors from each category. The quantizer then makes a final selection of optimal category using a more complex error measure to achieve the robust performance across speakers and handsets. Split vector quantization follows a two stage constrained search procedure that results in an ordered set of quantized line spectral frequencies that is "close" to the unquantized set with moderate complexity within each category. Effective and simple transmission error detection schemes at the receiver are made possible by the split nature of the vector quantization and the constrained search procedure. Only twenty-six bits are required to encode ten line spectral frequencies.
Abstract:
Embodiments herein provide systems and methods for selecting a credit card for a user at a point of sale. One method generally includes determining an identity of a business establishment corresponding to the point of sale where the user intends to complete a purchase transaction with one of a plurality of payment cards held by the user, providing the identity of the business establishment to at least a subset of issuers of the plurality of payment cards in order to receive details regarding rewards provided by each issuer in the subset to the user if the user uses a corresponding payment card for the purchase transaction at the business establishment, and presenting to the user a recommendation to use at least one of the payment cards for the purchase transaction based on received details regarding rewards from the issuers.
Abstract:
A technique is provided for a seamless and transparent handoff from a user's mobile device to the user's stationary terminal of a network address of a remote device for the purpose of establishing a direct communication channel between the stationary terminal and a remote device, where the remote device first contacted the user's mobile device to initiate communications with the users.
Abstract:
A server-based architecture for mobile conferencing is presented. Session-based mobile conferencing is established by transmitting necessary server network address information through page-mode based messaging services to establish connections among the various mobile devices with the server.
Abstract:
The present invention provides compounds useful, for example, for treating metabolic disorders in a subject. Such compounds have the general formula I: where the definitions of the variables are provided herein. The present invention also provides compositions that include, and methods for using, the compounds in preparing medicaments and for treating metabolic disorders such as, for example, type II diabetes.
Abstract:
A system and method for providing analytical tools for a community of investors having investment portfolios. A first tool provides an indication of a user's selection effectiveness regarding the user's choice of investments relative to those sectors in which the investment resides, and relative to a broader market. A second tool allows the user to evaluate the effectiveness of community stimuli on the user's portfolio. A third tool provides the user the capability to view relationships among a plurality of preferred analysts. With a fourth tool, a user may view a plurality of other analysts the user referred to the community.
Abstract:
A technique is provided for allocating publicly accessible IP addresses to an initiating mobile device to establish peer-to-peer session-based instant messaging with a target mobile device residing on a separate network without the need for using an instant messaging registration or log-in server to provide presence information. Session-based instant messaging communications between mobile devices are established by transmitting necessary address information through page-based messaging services that utilize the underlying digital mobile network databases and services to resolve the identification and location of the mobile devices.
Abstract:
A speech signal is encoded using code excited linear prediction for use in transmitting the speech signal to a receiver. The speech signal is sampled. A current sample of the speech signal is predicted based on in part a previous sample. An innovation sequence is determined based on in part a prediction error between the predicted current sample and the current sample of the speech signal. A code from each of a plurality of codebooks is selected. A combination of the selected codes is the determined innovation sequence. An index of the selected codes is identified and transmitted to the receiver. The transmitted index enables reconstruction of the speech signal at the receiver.
Abstract:
Embodiments herein provide systems and methods tracking the weight of an individual who is lying in bed. One method generally includes periodically receiving weight data from a weight data sensor that is situated within the bed, wherein the weight data sensor has recognized a change in weight on the bed from a default weight of the bed, and providing to the individual a user interface to track weight patterns of the individual based on the received weight data.
Abstract:
Embodiments herein provide systems and methods tracking the weight of an individual who is lying in bed. One method generally includes periodically receiving weight data from a weight data sensor that is situated within the bed, wherein the weight data sensor has recognized a change in weight on the bed from a default weight of the bed, and providing to the individual a user interface to track weight patterns of the individual based on the received weight data.