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公开(公告)号：US5368425A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-29
申请号：US924692
申请日：1992-07-31
CPC分类号： G05B19/4166 , B23Q1/01 , H02K41/02 , G05B2219/37473 , G05B2219/41047 , G05B2219/41337 , G05B2219/41412 , G05B2219/43148 , G05B2219/43152 , G05B2219/49354 , G05B2219/50001 , G05B2219/50156 , Y10T408/91 , Y10T409/307112 , Y10T409/309576
摘要： A multiple-axis machine for positioning a rotary-driven spindle, such positioning being by use of linear motors. The machine has a support for defining multiple axes, with (i) a rigid vibration-dampening bed defining at least an X-axis; (ii) at least one hollow column defining a Y-axis and having one end adjacent and movable along the bed and the other end extending away from said bed; (iii) a slide adapted for movement along the Y-axis of the column; (iv) a cage rigidly fixed to the slide for defining a Z-axis way; and (v) a hollow ram slidable within the cage and along the Z-axis way and carrying the spindle. The machine has bearing assemblies interposed between the column one end and the bed, between the column and slide, and between the cage and ram to provide for respective relative movements along the axes, the bearing assemblies being preloaded to provide an interference fit of 10-20% of the maximum bearing loading. Linear motor assemblies are interposed between the column one end and bed, between the column and slide, and between the cage and ram, the linear motor assemblies are selectably actuatable to impose a linear thrust force upon any or all of the column, slide, or ram for respective movement along the axes. The ratio of the natural frequency of the support and bearing assemblies to the bandwidth of the control velocity loop is slightly greater than one.
摘要翻译： 用于定位旋转主轴的多轴机床，通过使用直线电机进行定位。 该机器具有用于定义多个轴的支撑件，其中（i）至少限定X轴的刚性减振床; （ii）限定Y轴的至少一个中空柱，并且其一端与所述床相邻并且可移动并且另一端延伸离开所述床; （iii）适于沿着所述柱的Y轴移动的滑块; （iv）刚性地固定到所述滑块上用于限定Z轴方向的保持架; 和（v）可在保持架内并沿Z轴方向滑动并承载主轴的中空柱塞。 该机器具有插入在柱一端和床之间，柱和滑块之间以及在保持架和柱塞之间的轴承组件以提供沿着轴的相应的相对运动，轴承组件被预加载以提供10- 20％的最大轴承负载。 线性电动机组件插入在柱一端和床之间，柱和滑块之间以及保持架和柱塞之间，线性电动机组件可选择地致动，以将线性推力施加在任何或所有柱，滑块或 相对于轴的运动。 支撑和轴承组件的固有频率与控制速度环路带宽的比值略大于1。
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公开(公告)号：US5379509A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-10
申请号：US125825
申请日：1993-09-24
CPC分类号： B23Q39/026 , B23Q1/01 , B23Q1/015 , Y10T29/49996 , Y10T29/5107 , Y10T408/03 , Y10T408/91 , Y10T409/303808 , Y10T409/307728 , Y10T409/308288 , Y10T483/10 , Y10T483/165 , Y10T483/1733
摘要： A method of machining simultaneously a sequence of surfaces on each of multiple sides of a workpiece, comprising: (a) supporting a plurality of rotary-driven spindles, each carrying a cutting tool, each spindle being supported by a plurality of relatively movable elements that provide for movement into and out of a predetermined sized, cubed machining space, such support providing for spindle movement having vectors along at least mutually perpendicular axes; (b) placing the workpiece in the machining space at a predetermined location; (c) actuating relative movement of the elements by use of linear motors to accurately position each spindle for simultaneous machining of first surfaces on separate sides of the workpiece; and (d) actuating the elements by use of said linear motors to reposition the plurality of spindles for simultaneous machining of other surfaces on each of the separate sides of the workpiece.
摘要翻译： 一种在工件的多个边上同时加工一系列表面的方法，包括：（a）支撑多个旋转驱动的主轴，每个旋转驱动的主轴各自承载切割工具，每个主轴由多个相对可移动的元件支撑， 提供进入和离开预定尺寸的立方加工空间的运动，这种支撑件提供具有沿至少相互垂直轴线的向量的主轴运动; （b）将工件放置在预定位置的加工空间中; （c）通过使用线性马达来致动元件的相对运动，以精确地定位每个主轴，用于同时加工在工件的不同侧面上的第一表面; 以及（d）通过使用所述线性电动机致动所述元件以重新定位所述多个主轴以同时加工所述工件的每个所述单独侧面上的其它表面。
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公开(公告)号：US5314397A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-24
申请号：US923436
申请日：1992-07-31
CPC分类号： B23Q39/026 , B23Q1/01 , B23Q1/015 , Y10T29/49996 , Y10T29/5107 , Y10T408/03 , Y10T408/91 , Y10T409/303808 , Y10T409/307728 , Y10T409/308288 , Y10T483/10 , Y10T483/165 , Y10T483/1733
摘要： Positioning apparatus for multiple-spindle machining, comprising: (a) a plurality of upstanding columns rigidly interconnected to a common platform and aligned parallel to each other and perpendicular to the platform within an accuracy of .+-.0.0005 inches; (b) rail means extending between each of the columns along the periphery defined by the footprint of the columns for providing movable support and having bearing means on the columns providing for movement of each rail means along the Y-axis; (c) other movement means slidable on each of the rail means along at least another axis of movement; (d) linear motor means for selectively moving the rail means and other movement means along said respective Y and another axis at peak accelerations or decelerations of about 1-2 G's; and (d) spindle means on each ram having a spindle rotationally driven about an S-axis thereof.
摘要翻译： 用于多主轴加工的定位装置包括：（a）刚性地互连到公共平台并且以+/- 0.0005英寸的精度彼此平行并垂直于平台对准的多个直立柱; （b）轨道装置沿着由列的覆盖区限定的周边在每个列之间延伸，用于提供可移动的支撑，并且在列上提供轴承装置，以提供每个轨道装置沿Y轴的运动; （c）沿着至少另一个运动轴线可在每个轨道装置上滑动的其它运动装置; （d）线性电动机装置，用于沿着所述相应的Y和另一轴线选择性地移动轨道装置和其它移动装置，其峰值加速或减速约为1-2G's; 和（d）每个冲头上的主轴装置具有绕其S轴旋转地驱动的主轴。
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公开(公告)号：US5368539A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-29
申请号：US142032
申请日：1993-10-28
CPC分类号： B23Q1/01 , B23Q41/00 , G05B19/41815 , F02F7/006 , Y02P90/04 , Y02P90/08 , Y10T29/49996 , Y10T29/5124 , Y10T29/5196 , Y10T408/03 , Y10T408/675 , Y10T409/303808 , Y10T409/3056 , Y10T483/10
摘要： A machining system that has (i) plural machining cells spaced along a path, each having a single-point-tool and a rapid-positioning assembly for positioning the tool for multiple insertions into a workpiece as well as rapid tool exchange at speed rates that approach or exceed one G; (ii) table means for presenting a table surface in a selected plane for each cell; (iii) workpiece means for each table surface having keying surfaces for lockingly mating with a reference point of such table surface; (iv) transfer means for rapidly replacing a machined workpiece with an unmachined workpiece on a table surface, the just-machined workpiece being transferred to the next table surface while the substituted workpiece is undergoing machining; and (v) programmed electrical control means for activating the positioning assemblies and transfer means.A method of machining, comprising: (a) locking a workpiece on a fixture having dimensional keys and releasably securing such fixture on an adjustable worktable in a predetermined first position facilitated by said keys; (b) adjacent each worktable, rapidly positioning a rotary single-point-tool for linear feed into a first of said workpiece surfaces while in a first position, said positioning being carried out at accelerations/decelerations of at least about one G; (c) feeding the rotating tool into the workpiece to carry out machining at speeds of 1-1300 inches per minute for drilling and boring, and at least about 5000 sfm for milling; (d) after withdrawing the tool from the workpiece, repositioning the single-point-tool for another linear feed into other workpiece surfaces or transfer to another tool.
摘要翻译： 一种加工系统，其具有（i）沿着路径间隔开的多个加工单元，每个具有单点工具和快速定位组件，用于将所述工具定位用于多次插入到工件中，以及快速的工具交换速度， 接近或超过一G; （ii）用于在每个单元的选定平面中呈现桌面的台装置; （iii）每个工作台表面的工件装置具有用于与该工作台表面的参考点锁定配合的键合表面; （iv）用于在台面上用未加工的工件快速更换加工的工件的转移装置，在被取代的工件进行加工时，正加工的工件被转移到下一个工作台表面; 和（v）用于启动定位组件和传送装置的编程电气控制装置。 一种加工方法，包括：（a）将工件锁定在具有尺寸键的固定装置上，并将所述固定件可释放地固定在由所述键促进的预定的第一位置的可调工作台上; （b）邻近每个工作台，在第一位置，将用于直线进给的旋转单点工具快速地定位在第一工件表面中，所述定位在至少约一G的加速/减速下进行; （c）将旋转工具送入工件，以每分钟1-1300英寸的速度进行加工，以进行钻孔和钻孔，至少约5000 sfm进行铣削; （d）在将工具从工件中取出后，将单点刀具重新定位成另一个直线进给到其他工件表面或转移到另一个刀具。
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公开(公告)号：US5321874A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-21
申请号：US923717
申请日：1992-07-31
IPC分类号： B23Q39/04 , B23Q1/01 , B23Q41/00 , F02F7/00 , G05B19/418 , B23Q37/00 , B23B39/04 , B23C1/10 , B65G47/00
CPC分类号： B23Q1/01 , B23Q41/00 , G05B19/41815 , F02F7/006 , Y02P90/04 , Y02P90/08 , Y10T29/49996 , Y10T29/5124 , Y10T29/5196 , Y10T408/03 , Y10T408/675 , Y10T409/303808 , Y10T409/3056 , Y10T483/10
摘要： A machining system that has (i) plural machining cells spaced along a path, each having a single-point-tool and a rapid-positioning assembly for positioning the tool for multiple insertions into a workpiece as well as rapid tool exchange at speed rates that approach or exceed one G; (ii) table means for presenting a table surface in a selected plane for each cell; (iii) workpiece means for each table surface having keying surfaces for lockingly mating with a reference point of such table surface; (iv) transfer means for rapidly replacing a machined workpiece with an unmachined workpiece on a table surface, the just-machined workpiece being transferred to the next table surface while the substituted workpiece is undergoing machining; and (v) programmed electrical control means for activating the positioning assemblies and transfer means.
摘要翻译： 一种加工系统，其具有（i）沿着路径间隔开的多个加工单元，每个加工单元具有单点工具和快速定位组件，用于将所述工具定位用于多次插入到工件中以及快速的工具交换速度， 接近或超过一G; （ii）用于在每个单元的选定平面中呈现桌面的台装置; （iii）每个工作台表面的工件装置具有用于与该工作台表面的参考点锁定配合的键合表面; （iv）用于在台面上用未加工的工件快速更换加工的工件的转移装置，在被取代的工件进行加工时，正加工的工件被转移到下一个工作台表面; 和（v）用于启动定位组件和传送装置的编程电气控制装置。
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公开(公告)号：US5462364A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-31
申请号：US42201
申请日：1993-04-02
IPC分类号： F16C32/06
CPC分类号： F16C32/064 , F16C17/028 , F16C17/047 , F16C33/1075
摘要： A fluid bearing assembly for rotatably supporting a rotary-driven spindle having smooth bearing surfaces. Each bearing has a stationary housing holding an annular bearing race that presents a smooth continuous bearing surface facing a complementary bearing surface of the spindle; together the race and spindle define a continuous, thin, uniform crevice space. The smooth race bearing surface is interrupted by a plurality of circumferentially spaced pressure generating zones, each capable of dynamically compressing a fluid body contained in the zone into the crevice in either direction of rotation of the spindle at higher speeds. Pressurized fluid is supplied to flow through each zone and out of the crevice while exerting a predetermined hydrostatic force against the spindle at lower rotational speeds.
摘要翻译： 一种用于可旋转地支撑具有平滑轴承表面的旋转驱动主轴的流体轴承组件。 每个轴承具有固定的壳体，其保持环形轴承座圈，其呈现面向主轴的互补支承表面的光滑的连续轴承表面; 一起，赛道和主轴定义了连续，薄，均匀的缝隙空间。 平滑的滚动轴承表面被多个周向间隔开的压力产生区中断，每个压力产生区能够以更高的速度将包含在该区域中的流体的动态压缩到主轴的任一方向上的缝隙中。 供给加压流体流过每个区域并离开缝隙，同时以较低的旋转速度对主轴施加预定的静水压力。
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公开(公告)号：US5416397A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-16
申请号：US130821
申请日：1993-10-04
摘要： A control system that increases apparent linear motor stiffness and faster frequency for a digital electronic drive of one or more brushless DC linear motors. It comprises a position transducer providing an analog electrical signal indicative of the linear position of a movable part of the linear motor and being induced from an electrical signal supplied to or derived from the motor field winding; a converter for changing the analog signal to an acceleration feedback signal; a processor for providing a position error electrical signal derived by computing the difference between the actual position feedback signal and a position reference signal; and a processor for providing a velocity error electrical signal derived from the difference between the first derivative of the position error electrical signal and the actual velocity feedback signal to produce a velocity command signal, and for providing an acceleration error electrical signal derived from the difference between the second derivative of the position feedback signal and the actual acceleration feedback signal to produce a motor command signal to the field winding of the motor. A method of using such control system comprises providing a positioning apparatus having stacked movable members interconnected by linear motors to promote three-axis movement of a ram acting as the last of said movable members and carrying out the functions of the control for each linear motor.
摘要翻译： 一种用于一个或多个无刷直流直线电动机的数字电子驱动器的视觉线性电机刚度和更快频率的控制系统。 它包括位置传感器，其提供指示线性电动机的可移动部分的线性位置的模拟电信号，并且由提供给或从电动机励磁绕组获得的电信号感应; 用于将模拟信号改变为加速度反馈信号的转换器; 处理器，用于提供通过计算实际位置反馈信号和位置参考信号之间的差导出的位置误差电信号; 以及处理器，用于提供从所述位置误差电信号的一阶导数与所述实际速度反馈信号之间的差导出的速度误差电信号，以产生速度指令信号，并且用于提供从所述速度误差电信号得到的加速度误差电信号， 位置反馈信号的二阶导数和实际加速度反馈信号，以产生电机的励磁绕组的电机指令信号。 使用这种控制系统的方法包括提供一种定位装置，该定位装置具有通过直线电动机互连的堆叠的可移动部件，以促进作为最后一个所述可移动部件的冲头的三轴运动，并且执行每个线性马达的控制功能。
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公开(公告)号：US5346345A
公开(公告)日：1994-09-13
申请号：US923700
申请日：1992-07-31
CPC分类号： F16C29/008 , B23Q1/40 , B23Q5/28 , Y10T408/91 , Y10T409/307112 , Y10T409/309576
摘要： A linear motor assembly having enhanced mechanical stiffness, comprising: (a) at least one pair of rigidly interconnected tandem rails defining a first axis of movement and spaced apart normal to such first axis; (b) at least one pair of frames movable along said pair of rails, each frame presenting at least one pair of opposed parallel bearing surfaces; (c) at least one linear motor effective to operate between each rail and frame; (d) bearings supported between each rail and each bearing surface of each frame, said bearings being preloaded with an interference load while permitting bearing movement; and (e) support structure between said frames defining axes of movement actuated by other linear motors.
摘要翻译： 一种具有增强的机械刚度的线性电动机组件，包括：（a）至少一对刚性互连的串联轨道，其限定第一移动轴线并与所述第一轴线垂直间隔开; （b）至少一对可沿所述一对轨道移动的框架，每个框架呈现至少一对相对的平行支承面; （c）至少一个有效地在每个轨道和框架之间操作的线性电动机; （d）支撑在每个轨道和每个框架的每个支承表面之间的轴承，所述轴承在允许轴承运动的同时预加载干扰载荷; 和（e）在所述框架之间的支撑结构，其限定由其它线性电动机致动的运动轴。
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