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公开(公告)号：US5436384A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-25
申请号：US137457
申请日：1993-10-18
申请人： David C. Grant , Edward J. Lahoda , C. P. Keegan
发明人： David C. Grant , Edward J. Lahoda , C. P. Keegan
摘要： A method for segregating fines from the clean coarse fraction of the soil, preparing the contaminated fines for subsequent processing, and then separating the contaminants from the clean fines. The process produces a small, highly concentrated contaminanth fraction and a large fraction of clean soil. Metals, metallic compounds, and/or radioactive contaminants are removed from the fine fraction using either gravity separation, multistage gravity separation, a centrifugal jig, regular magnetic or paramagnetic separation using a high gradient magnetic separator, and/or a superconducting separator. Preparation of the fines requires selective segregation of the targeted particles size range and the removal of interfering soil fractions, and vegetation such as root hairs. This preparation is accomplished by a combination of attrition scrubbing, countercurrent jigging, and screening.
摘要翻译： 一种将细粒与干净的粗糙部分分离的方法，为污染的细粉制备后续加工，然后将污染物与干净的细粉分离。 该过程产生小的，高度浓缩的污染物部分和大部分清洁的土壤。 和/或超导分离器，使用重力分离，多级重力分离，离心夹具，常规磁性或顺磁性分离法，从精细馏分中除去金属，金属化合物和/或放射性污染物。 细粉的制备需要选择性分离目标颗粒尺寸范围和去除干扰的土壤部分，以及植被如根毛。 该制备通过磨擦擦洗，逆流夹击和筛选的组合来实现。
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公开(公告)号：US5370827A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-06
申请号：US042188
申请日：1993-04-02
CPC分类号： C02F1/5236 , G21F9/10 , C02F2101/006
摘要： Solutions such as for example drinking water, ground water and extracting solutions contaminated with heavy metals and radioactive species, singly or in combination, are treated by first treating the contaminated solution with silicate and ammonium hydroxide solution precipitants. Then the contaminated solution is separately treated with an acid which gels, polymerizes and/or precipitates the contaminant-containing silica matrix to form an easily dewaterable and separable solid. The solid contaminants are readily removed from the cleansed solution by filtration means. The process utilizes a novel combination of steps which maximizes contaminant removal, minimizes waste volume, and produces a treatable waste solid. The preferred precipitants are sodium silicate, and ammonium hydroxide. The preferred mineral acid is hydrochloric acid.
摘要翻译： 通过首先用硅酸盐和氢氧化铵溶液沉淀剂处理污染的溶液来处理例如饮用水，地下水和被重金属和放射性物质污染的提取溶液的单独或组合的解决方案。 然后将污染的溶液用酸进行单独处理，该酸会使含有污染物的二氧化硅基质凝胶化，聚合和/或沉淀，形成易于脱水和分离的固体。 固体污染物通过过滤装置容易地从清洁的溶液中除去。 该方法利用了最大限度地除去污染物，最小化废物体积并产生可处理废物固体的步骤的新颖组合。 优选的沉淀剂是硅酸钠和氢氧化铵。 优选的无机酸是盐酸。
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公开(公告)号：US5268128A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-07
申请号：US648673
申请日：1991-01-31
申请人： Edward J. Lahoda , David C. Grant
发明人： Edward J. Lahoda , David C. Grant
摘要： Particulate material is treated by first washing the contaminated material with a contaminant mobilizing solution comprising a leaching agent, a surfactant or a mixture thereof. Large particles, typically greater than 5 mm are mechanically separated, washed with water and returned to the site as recovered soil. Fines, along with contaminants dissolved or dispersed in the contaminant mobilizing solution are separated from intermediate sized particles by a countercurrent flow of the contaminant mobilizing solution, preferably in a mineral jig. The intermediate sized particles are then abraded in an attrition scrubber to dislodge attached mineral slimes or fines. These additional fines are separated from the intermediate sized particles with a countercurrent flow of wash water in a second mineral jig. The preferred oxidizing agent is chlorine, and hydrogen is the preferred reducing agent.
摘要翻译： 通过首先用包含浸出剂，表面活性剂或其混合物的污染物移动溶液洗涤被污染的材料来处理颗粒材料。 通常大于5mm的大颗粒机械分离，用水洗涤并作为回收的土壤返回到现场。 细粉以及溶解或分散在污染物移动溶液中的污染物通过污染物移动溶液的逆流流动，优选在矿物夹具中与中等尺寸的颗粒分离。 然后在磨耗洗涤器中研磨中等尺寸的颗粒以除去附着的矿物质泥或细粒。 这些额外的细粉与中等尺寸的颗粒分离，在第二矿物夹具中具有逆流的洗涤水。 优选的氧化剂是氯，氢是优选的还原剂。
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公开(公告)号：US5372650A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-13
申请号：US052509
申请日：1993-04-27
申请人： Edward J. Lahoda , David C. Grant , Nicholas D'Amico , Ching-Yu Lin , Arthur L. Wolfe , Ivan A. Martorell
发明人： Edward J. Lahoda , David C. Grant , Nicholas D'Amico , Ching-Yu Lin , Arthur L. Wolfe , Ivan A. Martorell
CPC分类号： B03B9/00 , B24C9/006 , Y02P70/179
摘要： A process system is disclosed for the treatment of a waste sand material containing metal contaminants. The waste sand material is the product of sandblasting techniques used to remove paint. The metal contaminants generally include lead, copper, chromium, mercury and cadmium, among other heavy metals. The process particularly provides for the concentration of the lead contaminant in a waste sand that can be economically reclaimed or disposed in an environmentally safe manner. The process also produces a cleaned sand that contains only residual amounts of the metallic contaminants in environmentally acceptable levels. The process provides for the contacting of the waste sand material with a paint decomposer, attrition abrading this sand slurry, size separating the attrition abraded slurry to form a waste sand slurry and a cleaned sand, and removing a portion of the excess water content in the waste sand slurry.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于处理含有金属污染物的废砂材料的处理系统。 废砂材料是用于去除油漆的喷砂技术的产物。 金属污染物通常包括铅，铜，铬，汞和镉等重金属。 该方法特别提供可以经济地回收或以环境安全的方式处理的废弃物中的铅污染物的浓度。 该方法还产生清洁的砂，其仅含有在环境可接受水平中的残留量的金属污染物。 该方法提供了废砂材料与油漆分解器的接触，研磨该砂浆，将磨损的磨浆分离尺寸以形成废砂浆和清洁的砂，并除去一部分过量水分 废砂浆。
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公开(公告)号：US5324433A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-28
申请号：US870444
申请日：1992-04-16
申请人： David C. Grant , Edward J. Lahoda
发明人： David C. Grant , Edward J. Lahoda
IPC分类号： A62D3/00 , B09B3/00 , B09C1/00 , B09C1/02 , B09C1/08 , C02F1/26 , C02F9/00 , E02D3/10 , B01D11/04
CPC分类号： B09C1/08 , B09C1/002 , B09C1/02 , B09C2101/00 , C02F2103/06
摘要： A method for removing and stabilizing in-situ soluble heavy metal contaminants in land formations which comprises introducing into said formation an aqueous remediation solution comprising naturally-occurring ions present in said formation and remediation ions. The remediation solution selectively solubilizes and mobilizes the heavy metal contaminants into solution while substantially suppressing the displacement of said naturally-occurring ions from said formation. The method is effective with heavy metals which exist in both anionic and cationic form, and may be used to treat land formations below the surface to reduce soluble heavy metal contamination to a few parts per billion.
摘要翻译： 一种用于去除和稳定陆地中的原位可溶性重金属污染物的方法，其包括向所述地层中引入包含存在于所述地层中的天然存在的离子的水性修复溶液和修复离子。 修复溶液选择性地将重金属污染物溶解并移动到溶液中，同时基本上抑制所述天然存在的离子从所述地层的位移。 该方法对于以阴离子和阳离子形式存在的重金属是有效的，并且可用于处理表面以下的地层以将可溶性重金属污染减少到十亿分之几。
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公开(公告)号：US5300258A
公开(公告)日：1994-04-05
申请号：US722458
申请日：1991-06-27
摘要： A method for removing contaminated resin particles from soils. The method entrains the resin particles and fines from the soil, which, due to the difference in specific gravity between resin and soil particles, results in a significant disparity between particle size of the entrained resin and the entrained fines. This, in turn permits the fines to be screened from the resin and the larger soil particles, which have not been entrained, to settle out from the mixture.
摘要翻译： 从土壤中去除污染的树脂颗粒的方法。 该方法将树脂颗粒和细粉从土壤中引入，由于树脂和土壤颗粒之间的比重差异，导致夹带的树脂的颗粒尺寸与夹带的细粒之间存在显着差异。 这又允许从树脂筛选细粒并且还没有被夹带的较大的土壤颗粒从混合物中沉淀出来。
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公开(公告)号：US5266494A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-30
申请号：US648674
申请日：1991-01-31
申请人： Edward J. Lahoda , David C. Grant
发明人： Edward J. Lahoda , David C. Grant
CPC分类号： G01N33/24 , B09C1/02 , Y10T436/25375
摘要： A process for determining the suitability of soil washing for various types of soils, sludges and other solids is disclosed. The process may be applied to relatively small soil samples which have been contaminated in order to determine the suitability and economics for treating the tested soil using a full-scale soil washing process. The process involves the steps of identifying the contaminated particle size ranges contained in the soil sample, identifying an effective extractant for removing the contaminant of interest, and identifying an effective leachate treatment approach for the particular soil sample of interest.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于确定各种类型的土壤，淤泥和其它固体的土壤清洗适用性的方法。 该方法可以应用于已被污染的相对较小的土壤样品，以便确定使用全面的土壤清洗方法处理被测土壤的适用性和经济性。 该方法包括鉴定土壤样品中含有的污染粒度范围的步骤，鉴定用于去除感兴趣污染物的有效提取剂，以及鉴定所感兴趣的特定土壤样品的有效渗滤液处理方法。
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8.发明授权Removal or organics and volatile metals from soils using thermal desorption 失效使用热解释的土壤中的去除或有机金属和挥发性金属
公开(公告)号：US5230167A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-27
申请号：US785397
申请日：1991-10-30
申请人： Edward J. Lahoda , David C. Grant
发明人： Edward J. Lahoda , David C. Grant
CPC分类号： F26B25/006 , B09B3/0091 , B09C1/06
摘要： The removal of organics and volatile metals from soils using thermal desorption comprises moving contaminated materials, positioned on a belt conveyor, through a chamber under oxygen conditions, temperature conditions, and residence time effective to substantially avoid incineration of the contaminants. The method further comprises heating the contaminated material for volatilizing the contaminants and for producing a processed material that is substantially decontaminated. To carry the volatilized contaminants from the chamber, a transport gas may be passed through the chamber counter-current to the movement of the contaminated material. A gas stream including the volatilized contaminants and the transport gas may be passed through a condenser and through a scrubber for producing a substantially cleaned gas and a contaminated liquid concentrate. The cleaned gas may be recycled back into the chamber as the transport gas or passed through a gas cleaning system prior to discharge into the atmosphere. The liquid concentrate is passed through a water treatment system for producing substantially cleaned water. The water may be passed through an air cooler and recycled back into the quencher or may be passed through a carbon absorption column and recycled as quench water for the processed material.
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公开(公告)号：US5640701A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-17
申请号：US997076
申请日：1992-12-29
摘要： Soil comprising small soil particles, clay and silt particles, humus, fine vegetation, and contaminated with soluble or insoluble radioactive species is treated by first introducing an aqueous extracting solution comprising a mixture of sodium and potassium carbonate (or bicarbonate), or ammonium carbonate (or bicarbonate) into the soil to solubilize and disperse the radioactive species into solution. The extracting solution has a pH greater than or equal to about 7.5. Contaminated fine vegetation then is separated from the soil and extracting solution. Next, an acid like hydrochloric acid is introduced into the soil. The acid is added in an amount sufficient to lower the pH of the extracting solution at which point desirable organic material will substantially precipitate or coagulate from the extracting solution. The cleansed soil particles, including organic matter, is separated from the contaminated extracting solution. Radioactive species are then removed from the extracting solution, which then may be reused.
摘要翻译： 通过首先引入包含碳酸钠和碳酸钾（或碳酸氢钠）或碳酸铵（或碳酸氢钠）的混合物的水提取溶液来处理包含小的土壤颗粒，粘土和粉砂颗粒，腐殖质，细小植被和被可溶性或不溶性放射性物质污染的土壤 或碳酸氢盐）放入土壤中以将放射性物质溶解并分散到溶液中。 提取液的pH值大于或等于约7.5。 污染好的植被然后与土壤和提取液分离。 接下来，将酸如盐酸引入土壤中。 加入的酸的量足以降低萃取溶液的pH值，此时所需的有机物质将从萃取溶液基本上沉淀或凝结。 清洁的土壤颗粒（包括有机物质）与污染的提取溶液分离。 然后从提取溶液中除去放射性物质，然后可以重复使用。
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公开(公告)号：US5564105A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-08
申请号：US446154
申请日：1995-05-22
CPC分类号： C02F1/76 , C02F1/72 , C02F1/722 , C02F1/78 , C02F2101/006
摘要： A borated aqueous solution from a nuclear reactor coolant system dilute chemical-decontamination process or from an equipment washing process which has been contaminated with radioactive metals or heavy metals including cobalt, nickel, chromium, iron, manganese, lead or mercury and with a chelating agent, detergent or soap is treated with an oxidizing agent to oxidize the chelating agent, detergent or soap and to precipitate the contaminant metals. The contaminant metals are then separated from the solution by centrifugal filtration, micromembrane belt filtration or magnetic separation. Advantageously, a very small volume of precipitate may then be buried and the decontaminated solution may be recycled or further treated and released for other uses.
摘要翻译： 来自核反应堆冷却剂系统的硼酸化水溶液稀释化学去污过程或已经被放射性金属或重金属（包括钴，镍，铬，铁，锰，铅或汞）和螯合剂污染的设备清洗过程 ，用氧化剂处理洗涤剂或肥皂以氧化螯合剂，洗涤剂或肥皂并沉淀污染金属。 然后通过离心过滤，微膜带过滤或磁分离将污染金属与溶液分离。 有利地，可以埋入非常小体积的沉淀物，并且净化的溶液可以再循环或进一步处理并释放用于其它用途。
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