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公开(公告)号：US5997715A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-07
申请号：US112659
申请日：1998-07-09
IPC分类号： C07D301/26 , C25B3/02 , C25B3/04 , C25B3/00
CPC分类号： C07D301/14 , C07D301/26 , C25B3/04 , Y02P20/582
摘要： Describes a method of electrochemically converting .alpha.-halohydrins, e.g., 1-chloro-2-hydroxypropane and 1,3-dichloro-2-hydroxypropane, to epoxides, e.g., propylene oxide and epichlorohydrin. A three compartment electrolytic cell is provided having (1) a catholyte compartment containing a cathode assembly comprising a cathode and anion exchange membrane, (2) an anolyte compartment containing an anode assembly comprising an anode and a cation exchange membrane, and (3) an intermediate compartment partitioned from the catholyte and anolyte compartments by the anion and cation exchange membranes respectively. An aqueous solution of .alpha.-halohydrin is charged to the catholyte compartment, while hydrogen halide solutions are charged to the intermediate and anolyte compartments. Direct current is passed through the electrolytic cell and an aqueous solution comprising epoxide is removed from the catholyte compartment.
摘要翻译： 描述了将α-卤代醇如1-氯-2-羟基丙烷和1,3-二氯-2-羟基丙烷电化学转化为环氧化物如环氧丙烷和表氯醇的方法。 提供一种三室电解池，其具有（1）阴极电解室，其包含阴极组件和阴离子交换膜;（2）阳极室，其包含阳极和阳离子交换膜;以及（3） 中间隔室分别由阴离子和阳极电解质隔室分隔开。 将α-卤代醇的水溶液加入到阴极电解液室中，同时将卤化氢溶液加入到中间体和阳极电解液室中。 直流电流通过电解槽，从阴极电解液隔室除去包含环氧化物的水溶液。
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公开(公告)号：US5980724A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-09
申请号：US112657
申请日：1998-07-09
CPC分类号： C25B3/04
摘要： Described is a method of electrochemically converting .alpha.-halohydrins, e.g., 1-chloro-2-hydroxypropane and 1,3-dichloro-2-hydroxypropane, to epoxides, e.g., propylene oxide and epichlorohydrin. An electrolytic cell is provided having (1) a catholyte compartment containing a cathode assembly comprising a cathode and a bipolar ion exchange membrane, (2) an anode compartment containing an anode assembly comprising either (a) a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode and a current collecting electrode or (b) a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode which is fixedly held between a hydraulic barrier and a current collecting electrode, and (3) at least one pair of intermediate compartments separating the catholyte and anode compartments and separated from each other by an anion exchange membrane. The following are introduced into the cell: a first aqueous conductive electrolyte solution into the catholyte compartment; hydrogen gas into the anode compartment; an aqueous solution of .alpha.-halohydrin into the first compartment of the pair of intermediate compartments; and a second aqueous conductive electrolyte solution into the second compartment of the pair of intermediate compartments. Direct current is passed through the electrolytic cell, and an aqueous solution comprising epoxide is removed from the first compartment.
摘要翻译： 描述了将α-卤代醇如1-氯-2-羟基丙烷和1,3-二氯-2-羟基丙烷电化学转化为环氧化物，例如环氧丙烷和表氯醇的方法。 提供一种电解池，其具有（1）阴极电解液室，其包含阴极组件，阴极组件包括阴极和双极离子交换膜，（2）阳极室，其包含阳极组件，阳极组件包括（a）消耗氢的气体扩散阳极和电流 收集电极或（b）固定保持在液压屏障和集电电极之间的消耗氢的气体扩散阳极，以及（3）至少一对隔离阴极电解液室和阳极室的中间隔室， 阴离子交换膜。 将以下物质引入电池中：将第一水性导电电解质溶液引入到阴极电解液室中; 氢气进入阳极室; 将α-卤代醇的水溶液注入到该对中间隔室的第一隔室中; 以及第二水性导电电解质溶液进入所述一对中间隔室中的第二隔室。 直流电流通过电解槽，从第一隔室除去包含环氧化物的水溶液。
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公开(公告)号：US5997716A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-07
申请号：US112660
申请日：1998-07-09
IPC分类号： C25B3/00
CPC分类号： C25B3/00
摘要： Described is a method of electrochemically converting .alpha.-halohydrins, e.g., 1-chloro-2-hydroxypropane and 1,3-dichloro-2-hydroxypropane, to epoxides, e.g., propylene oxide and epichlorohydrin. A three compartment electrolytic cell is provided having (1) a catholyte compartment containing a cathode assembly comprising a cathode and an anion exchange membrane, (2) an anode compartment containing an anode assembly comprising either (a) a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode and a current collecting electrode or (b) a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode which is fixedly held between a hydraulic barrier and a current collecting electrode, and (3) an intermediate compartment separated from the catholyte and anode compartments by the anion exchange membrane and either (i) the hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode or (ii) the hydraulic barrier respectively. An aqueous solution of .alpha.-halohydrin is charged to the catholyte compartment, while hydrogen gas is charged to the anode compartment and an aqueous electrolyte solution is charged to the intermediate compartment. Direct current is passed through the electrolytic cell and an aqueous solution comprising epoxide is removed from the catholyte compartment.
摘要翻译： 描述了将α-卤代醇如1-氯-2-羟基丙烷和1,3-二氯-2-羟基丙烷电化学转化为环氧化物，例如环氧丙烷和表氯醇的方法。 提供一种三室电解池，其具有：（1）阴极电解室，其包含阴极组件，阴极组件包括阴极和阴离子交换膜;（2）阳极室，其包含阳极组件，阳极组件包括（a）消耗氢的气体扩散阳极和 电流收集电极或（b）固定保持在液压屏障和集电电极之间的消耗氢的气体扩散阳极，以及（3）通过阴离子交换膜与阴极电解液和阳极隔室分离的中间室和（i ）氢消耗气体扩散阳极或（ii）液压屏障。 将α-卤代醇的水溶液加入到阴极电解液室中，同时将氢气加入到阳极室中，并将电解质水溶液装入中间室。 直流电流通过电解槽，从阴极电解液隔室除去包含环氧化物的水溶液。
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公开(公告)号：US5972195A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-26
申请号：US112658
申请日：1998-07-09
CPC分类号： C25B3/04
摘要： Describes a method of electrochemically converting .alpha.-halohydrin, e.g., 1-chloro-2-hydroxypropane and 1,3-dichloro-2-hydroxypropane, to epoxide, e.g., propylene oxide and epichlorohydrin. An aqueous solution of .alpha.-halohydrin is charged to the catholyte compartment of an electrolytic cell, which contains a cathode, hydrogen gas is charged to the anode compartment of the cell, which contains an anode assembly comprising a hydrogen consuming gas diffusion anode fixedly held between a current collecting electrode and an anion exchange membrane. The catholyte and anode compartments of the cell are separated by the anion exchange membrane. An aqueous solution containing epoxide is removed from the catholyte compartment.
摘要翻译： 描述了将α-卤代醇例如1-氯-2-羟基丙烷和1,3-二氯-2-羟基丙烷电化学转化为环氧化物的方法，例如环氧丙烷和表氯醇。 将α-卤代醇的水溶液加入到包含阴极的电解池的阴极电解液室中，氢气被加入到电池的阳极室中，该阳极室包含阳极组件，阳极组件包括固定保持在 集电极和阴离子交换膜。 细胞的阴极电解液和阳极室被阴离子交换膜分离。 从阴极电解液室除去含有环氧化物的水溶液。
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5.发明授权Method and compositions for applying multiple overlying organic pigmented decorations on ceramic substrates 失效在陶瓷基材上涂覆多重上层有机颜料的方法和组合物公开(公告)号：US07157119B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-02
申请号：US10465486
申请日：2003-06-19
CPC分类号： H01L21/76254 , H01L21/2007 , H01L21/76256 , Y10T428/25
摘要： A pigmented curable composition adapted for decorating ceramic substrates (e.g., glass bottles) comprises curable organic binder and solid spherical particles (glass or polymer) having diameters of 10 to 50 microns for facilitating overprinting of additional layers. The preferred embodiment comprises: (a) reactive organic resin component in which epoxy groups comprise the major reactive functionality; (b) amino-functional curing agent; (c) blocked polyisocyanate; and (d) 5 to 35 percent solid spherical particles having diameters of 10 to 50 microns.
摘要翻译： 适用于装饰陶瓷基材（例如玻璃瓶）的着色固化性组合物包括直径为10至50微米的可固化有机粘合剂和固体球形颗粒（玻璃或聚合物），以便于附加层的套印。 优选的实施方案包括：（a）其中环氧基包括主要反应性官能团的反应性有机树脂组分; （b）氨基官能固化剂; （c）封端多异氰酸酯; 和（d）5至35％的直径为10至50微米的固体球形颗粒。
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公开(公告)号：US5811605A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-22
申请号：US802704
申请日：1997-02-19
CPC分类号： C07C17/25
摘要： The dehydrochlorination of 1,1,2,3,3-pentachloropropane to produce 1,2,3,3-tetrachloropropene is conducted using aqueous alkali metal hydroxide in the substantial absence of added ethanol. The 1,2,3,3-tetrachloropropene is recovered from the reaction mixture in the substantial absence of added ether. The preferred methods of recovery are steam distillation and flash distillation.
摘要翻译： 1,1,2,3,3-五氯丙烷的脱氯化氢制备1,2,3,3-四氯丙烯是在碱金属氢氧化物水溶液中进行的，基本上不加入乙醇。 在基本上没有加入乙醚的情况下，从反应混合物中回收1,2,3,3-四氯丙烯。 优选的回收方法是蒸汽蒸馏和闪蒸。
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7.发明授权Method for forming a sequence of crosslinked pigmented coatings on ceramic substrates 有权在陶瓷基板上形成交联着色涂层序列的方法公开(公告)号：US06214414B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-10
申请号：US09359471
申请日：1999-07-22
申请人： Robert H. Tang , Yingchao Zhang , Louis J. Nehmsmann , Alan E. Wang , George D. Morris , Robert A. Montague
发明人： Robert H. Tang , Yingchao Zhang , Louis J. Nehmsmann , Alan E. Wang , George D. Morris , Robert A. Montague
IPC分类号： B05D136
CPC分类号： C03C17/3405 , C03C2217/445 , C03C2217/485
摘要： A method comprising heating to elevated temperature a ceramic substrate having thereon a sequence of coatings of pigmented coating compositions wherein each of said pigmented coating compositions comprises: (a) reactive organic resin which is polyhydroxy-functional, polyepoxy-functional, or both epoxy-functional and hydroxy-functional; (b) reactive wax; (c) color-imparting pigment; and (d) blocked polyisocyanate; wherein: (e) the pigmented coating composition of at least one coating of the sequence is substantially free of amino-functional curing agent; and (f) the pigmented coating composition of at least one other coating of the sequence further comprises amino-functional curing agent; to crosslink all of the pigmented coating compositions of the coatings of the sequence and to adhere the sequence to the ceramic substrate. The preferred ceramic substrates are glass bottles.The outermost coating of the sequence may optionally be overlain with a coating of substantially clear overcoating composition which comprises reactive organic resin which is polyhydroxy-functional, polyepoxy-functional, or both epoxy-functional and hydroxy-functional. Upon heating to the elevated curing temperature, the substantially clear overcoating composition is crosslinked together with the pigmented coating compositions.
摘要翻译： 一种方法，包括将具有着色涂料组合物涂层序列的陶瓷基材加热到高温，其中每种所述着色涂料组合物包含：（a）反应性有机树脂，其为多羟基官能团，聚环氧官能团或环氧官能团 和羟基官能团; （b）活性蜡; （c）赋颜色剂; 和（d）封端的多异氰酸酯; 其中：（e）所述序列的至少一种涂层的着色涂料组合物基本上不含氨基官能的固化剂; 和（f）该序列的至少一种其它涂层的着色涂料组合物还包含氨基官能的固化剂; 以使所述序列的涂层的所有着色涂料组合物交联并将该序列粘附到陶瓷基材上。 优选的陶瓷基材是玻璃瓶。该顺序的最外涂层可以任选地与基本上透明的涂层组合物的涂层重叠，该涂层组合物包含反应性有机树脂，其是多羟基官能的，聚环氧官能的或环氧官能的和羟基官能的 。 加热至升高的固化温度后，基本上透明的外涂层组合物与着色涂料组合物一起交联。
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8.发明申请POLARIZING OPTICAL ELEMENTS AND METHOD FOR PREPARING POLYURETHANE-CONTAINING FILMS 审中-公开极化光学元件和制备含有聚氨酯的膜的方法公开(公告)号：US20070286969A1
公开(公告)日：2007-12-13
申请号：US11759299
申请日：2007-06-07
申请人： Vidhu Nagpal , Anil Kumar , Carol Knox , Yingchao Zhang , Peter Foller
发明人： Vidhu Nagpal , Anil Kumar , Carol Knox , Yingchao Zhang , Peter Foller
IPC分类号： C09K19/00
CPC分类号： G02B5/305 , C08G18/3237 , G02B1/04 , Y10T428/1041 , C08L75/04
摘要： Described is a method of preparing a cured, non-elastomeric polyurethane-containing film including: a) providing as a first component comprising a polyurethane material having isocyanate functional groups; b) providing as a second component a material having active hydrogen-containing functional groups that are reactive with isocyanate; c) combining the first and second components to form a reaction mixture; d) casting the reaction mixture onto a support substrate in a substantially uniform thickness to form a film thereon; e) heating the film on the support substrate to a temperature and for a time sufficient to yield a cured film; and f) removing the cured film from the support substrate to yield a non-elastomeric polyurethane-containing free film. The free film is non-birefringent. Optical elements and articles prepared from the films are also provided.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种制备固化的非弹性聚氨酯的膜的方法，包括：a）提供包含具有异氰酸酯官能团的聚氨酯材料的第一组分; b）提供具有与异氰酸酯反应的活性含氢官能团的材料作为第二组分; c）将第一和第二组分混合以形成反应混合物; d）以大致均匀的厚度将反应混合物浇铸到支撑基底上以在其上形成膜; e）将支撑基板上的膜加热至足以产生固化膜的温度和时间; 和f）从固定基底上除去固化的膜，得到非弹性聚氨酯的游离膜。 自由膜是非双折射的。 还提供了由膜制备的光学元件和物品。
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9.发明申请METHOD AND COMPOSITIONS WITH NONEXPANDABLE OR EXPANDED BEADS FOR COATING CERAMIC SUBSTRATES 审中-公开具有不可剥离或膨胀的用于涂覆陶瓷基材的珠粒的方法和组合物公开(公告)号：US20070087118A1
公开(公告)日：2007-04-19
申请号：US11562697
申请日：2006-11-22
申请人： Robert Tang , Alan Wang , Yingchao Zhang , Louis Nehmsmann
发明人： Robert Tang , Alan Wang , Yingchao Zhang , Louis Nehmsmann
CPC分类号： C03C17/34 , C03C17/007 , C03C2217/445 , C03C2217/47 , C03C2217/485 , C03C2218/119 , C08L77/00 , C09D7/65
摘要： A curable composition including a curable organic binder and organic particles that are not expanded or expandable is disclosed. The particles are rigid at or below a first temperature and become soft at temperatures at which the organic binder is cured. Methods for printing substrates are also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种包含可固化有机粘合剂和未膨胀或膨胀的有机颗粒的可固化组合物。 颗粒在第一温度或低于第一温度下是刚性的，并且在有机粘合剂固化的温度下变得柔软。 还公开了印刷基板的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US08980774B2
公开(公告)日：2015-03-17
申请号：US13524828
申请日：2012-06-15
IPC分类号： B32B5/02 , B32B27/30 , B32B27/36 , B32B27/42 , B32B17/04 , C03C25/24 , C08K5/07 , C08L29/04 , C08L33/00 , C08L33/02 , C08L33/08 , C08L33/26 , C08L67/00 , D04H1/587 , D04H1/64 , D04H13/00 , D06M13/224
CPC分类号： C08L67/00 , C03C25/1095 , C03C25/24 , C03C25/323 , C08K5/07 , C08L29/04 , C08L33/00 , C08L33/02 , C08L33/08 , C08L33/26 , D04H1/587 , D04H1/64 , D04H13/00 , D06M13/224 , Y10T442/2779 , Y10T442/2787 , Y10T442/2811 , Y10T442/2844 , Y10T442/2861 , Y10T442/2934 , Y10T442/2967 , Y10T442/2992
摘要： Polyester materials, methods for making polyesters materials, and uses of the polyester materials in binder materials and articles of manufacture are disclosed. In one embodiment, a process is provided for preparing a polyester solution, including mixing monomers of at least one organic acid containing at least three carboxylic groups and at least one multi-hydroxyl alcohol containing at least three hydroxyl groups to form a reaction mixture, heating the reaction mixture to a first temperature, polymerizing the monomers at the first temperature until reaching an acid value from about 200 to about 400 mg KOH/g, adjusting the temperature to a second temperature less than the first temperature, and forming the polyester solution. The polyester materials may be mixed with cross-linking materials to form binder materials. The binder material may then be used to form articles of manufacture.
摘要翻译： 公开了聚酯材料，聚酯材料的制备方法以及聚酯材料在粘合剂材料和制品中的应用。 在一个实施方案中，提供了制备聚酯溶液的方法，包括混合至少一种含有至少三个羧基的有机酸的单体和至少含有至少三个羟基的多羟基醇以形成反应混合物，加热 将反应混合物转化为第一温度，在第一温度下聚合单体，直到达到约200至约400mg KOH / g的酸值，将温度调节至低于第一温度的第二温度，并形成聚酯溶液。 聚酯材料可以与交联材料混合以形成粘合剂材料。 然后可以将粘合剂材料用于形成制品。
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