摘要:
A tissue surface treatment apparatus includes a housing having a proximal end, a distal end including a tissue contacting surface, an interior defined by the housing and a handpiece coupled to the housing. The contactinc surface has a plurality of apertures. An energy delivery device including an electrode is positionable in the housing interior. The electrode includes a tissue penetrating distal end in substantial alignment with an aperture. The electrode is configured to be advanced from the housing interior through the aperture and into a target tissue site to define an ablation volume at least partly bounded by a tissue surface. An advancement device is coupled to the energy delivery device and is at least partly positionable within at least one of the housing or the handpiece. The advancement device is configured to advance the electrode from the housing interior into the target tissue site and withdrawal the electrode into the housing interior. A cable is coupled to the housing or the energy delivery device and is configured to be coupled to an energy source.
摘要:
Energy delivery systems and methods are provided for use in biological tissue. The energy delivery system includes an energy source and an electrode array. The electrode array includes bipolar electrodes positioned so a first spacing between a pair of adjacent electrodes is different relative to a second spacing between at least one other pair of adjacent electrodes. The electrode array and the energy source are coupled and configured to generate uniform energy density in target tissue according to impedance of the target tissue.
摘要:
An ablation device is described comprising an introducer and an electrode array. The electrode array couples to a distal end of the introducer. The electrode array includes a center member having a distal end configured to penetrate tissue and a plurality of electrodes. Proximal and distal ends of each electrode are relatively fixed. The electrodes are dynamically configurable from a retracted state to a deployed state in which the electrodes form a relatively spherical shape in a tissue volume.
摘要:
A tissue ablation system is described that generates a uniform avascular plane of coagulated tissue to aid in the bloodless or near-bloodless resection of various biological tissues from a variety of organs. The tissue ablation system includes an energy director guide and two or more sets of bipolar energy directors. The energy director guide includes a series of channels that configure the energy directors to provide approximately uniform power distribution or current density through a target tissue volume or plane. The spacing among the channels of the energy director guide varies according to the total number of energy directors received in the energy director guide so that relative spacing among the center-most channels is largest and relative spacing among the end-most channels is smallest. The energy director guide secures a selected position of each of the energy directors in the target tissue volume.
摘要:
A tissue ablation device and method for tissue ablation are described. The tissue ablation device comprises an energy source and an introducer coupled to the energy source, the introducer having a body, a proximal end, and a distal end. The introducer carries an electrode array that comprises a plurality of electrodes, each electrode of the plurality of electrodes is configured to extend from the body of the introducer when moved from a retracted state to a deployed state. The electrode array is designed to encircle a portion of a target tissue when the electrodes are extended into the deployed state and to form a relatively spherical shaped ablation pattern in a tissue volume surrounding the target tissue when energized by the energy source.
摘要:
Methods for performing coagulation necrosis of biological tissue are provided. The methods include configuring electrode arrays to provide balanced energy density in target tissue volumes using two or more pair of electrodes. The electrode array configuration includes at least one of irregular spacing between one or more pairs of electrodes and one or more electrode diameters. The methods further include deploying each electrode of an array at a selected depth in the target tissue volume in accordance with the configuration. Energy is then delivered to the target tissue volume using power sources coupled to the electrodes. The methods control power delivery in response to at least one of elapsed time of delivery, temperatures of the target tissue volume, and impedance levels in the target tissue volume to provide balanced or uniform energy throughout the target tissue volume. The methods generate planes of coagulated tissue.
摘要:
A coagulation system is provided for use in biological tissue. The coagulation system includes a handle, a radiofrequency (RF) generator, and an electrode array. The electrode array includes two or more pair of bipolar electrodes slideably coupled in channels of the handle. The bipolar electrodes electrically couple to the RF generator, and the electrode array is configured to deliver a balanced energy density in a target volume of the biological tissue. The balanced energy density delivered by the electrode array results in thermal coagulation necrosis of a rectangular volume of biological tissue.
摘要:
Energy delivery systems and methods are provided for use in biological tissue. The energy delivery system includes a handle, a radiofrequency (RF) generator, and an electrode array. The electrode array includes two or more pair of bipolar electrodes slideably coupled in channels of the handle. The bipolar electrodes electrically couple to the RF generator, and the electrode array is configured to deliver a balanced energy density in a target volume of the biological tissue. The balanced energy density delivered by the electrode array results in generation of a hemostatic plane of tissue.
摘要:
A hearing aid (200) comprises at least one microphone (210), a signal processing means (220) and an output transducer (230). The signal processing means is adapted to receive an input signal from the microphone. The signal processing means is adapted to apply a hearing aid gain to the input signal to produce an output signal to be output by the output transducer, and the signal processing means further comprises means for adjusting the hearing aid gain up or down until the hearing aid gain differs from the direct transmission gain by more than a predetermined value.
摘要:
A continuous mixer/reactor and a mixing process are provided in which materials flow in an orderly fashion along the length of a channel (9) and the materials are mixed in a direction transverse to the axis of the channel (9) by the provision of agitator elements (5, 7) within the channel (9) and shaking the channel (9) so that the agitator elements (5, 7) move within the channel (9) in the radial direction of the channel (9).