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公开(公告)号：US4528384A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-09
申请号：US164744
申请日：1980-06-30
IPC分类号： C08F2/28 , C08F12/32 , C07D333/16 , B05D1/36
摘要： Novel polymers having high activity as cationic surface-active agents are prepared by the addition polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated aromatic sulfonium salts, e.g., ##STR1## When such polymers are heated and/or dried, they are irreversibly converted to inert, nonionic residues without the elimination of odorous by-products.The novel sulfonium salt polymers having relatively low molecular weight and low charge density are particularly useful as surfactants or emulsifiers in the emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as styrene, butadiene, alkyl acrylates and the like. The polymers having high molecular weight and high charge density are useful as thickeners and flocculants.
摘要翻译： 通过烯键式不饱和芳族锍盐的加成聚合制备具有高活性的阳离子表面活性剂的新型聚合物，例如，当加热和/或干燥这些聚合物时，它们不可逆地转化为惰性的非离子残余物， 消除恶臭副产品。 具有相对低分子量和低电荷密度的新型锍盐聚合物在烯属不饱和单体如苯乙烯，丁二烯，丙烯酸烷基酯等的乳液聚合中特别可用作表面活性剂或乳化剂。 具有高分子量和高电荷密度的聚合物可用作增稠剂和絮凝剂。
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公开(公告)号：US4477640A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-16
申请号：US422775
申请日：1982-09-24
IPC分类号： C08F2/28 , C08F12/32 , C08F228/00 , C08F220/38
摘要： Novel polymers having high activity as cationic surface-active agents are prepared by the addition polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated aromatic sulfonium salts, e.g., ##STR1## When such polymers are heated and/or dried, they are irreversibly converted to inert, nonionic residues without the elimination of odorous by-products. The novel sulfonium salt polymers having relatively low molecular weight and low charge density are particularly useful as surfactants or emulsifiers in the emulsion polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as styrene, butadiene, alkyl acrylates and the like. The polymers having high molecular weight and high charge density are useful as thickeners and flocculants.
摘要翻译： 通过烯键式不饱和芳族锍盐的加成聚合制备具有高活性的阳离子表面活性剂的新型聚合物，例如，当加热和/或干燥这些聚合物时，它们不可逆地转化为惰性的非离子残余物， 消除恶臭副产品。 具有相对低分子量和低电荷密度的新型锍盐聚合物在烯属不饱和单体如苯乙烯，丁二烯，丙烯酸烷基酯等的乳液聚合中特别可用作表面活性剂或乳化剂。 具有高分子量和高电荷密度的聚合物可用作增稠剂和絮凝剂。
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公开(公告)号：US4214096A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-22
申请号：US48954
申请日：1979-06-15
IPC分类号： B01F17/00 , C07C335/32 , C09D5/44 , C07C157/02 , C07C157/05 , C07C161/00
CPC分类号： C07C335/32 , B01F17/0057 , C09D5/448
摘要： Novel isothiouronium salts are herein described which correspond to the formula ##STR1## wherein R and R' are each independently hydrocarbyl or inertly-substituted hydrocarbyl of at least 4 carbon atoms; R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 are each independently alkyl or hydroxyalkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 are joined to form a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring; n is 0 or 1; and A.sup..crclbar. is an inert neutralizing anion. The isothiouronium salts are surprisingly effective dispersing agents and are used in forming electrodepositable latexes.
摘要翻译： 本文描述了新的异硫脲鎓盐，其对应于下式：其中R和R'各自独立地为至少4个碳原子的烃基或惰性取代的烃基; R 1 -R 4各自独立地为具有1至4个碳原子的烷基或羟烷基，或者R 1和R 3连接形成5-或6-元杂环; n为0或1; 而A（ - ）是惰性中和阴离子。 异硫脲盐是惊人的有效的分散剂，并用于形成可电沉积胶乳。
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4.发明授权Aqueous compositions containing organic polymers curable at low temperatures in the wet state 失效包含在湿态低温下可固化的有机聚合物的含水组合物
公开(公告)号：US4431768A
公开(公告)日：1984-02-14
申请号：US374828
申请日：1982-05-04
CPC分类号： D21H17/38 , C04B24/24 , C08F236/04 , C08J9/30
摘要： Aqueous acidic compositions which contain a combination of an organic polymer having a bound latent source of thiolate ions, such as isothiouronium groups and an organic polymer having bound cationic onium groups, such as sulfonium groups, or a polymer containing both kinds of groups can be cured in the wet state by raising the pH to above about 9 at a temperature from about 0.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C.
摘要翻译： 含有具有结合的硫醇盐离子潜在来源的有机聚合物如异硫脲基团和具有结合阳离子鎓基团的有机聚合物如锍基团或含有两种基团的聚合物的组合的水性酸性组合物可以被固化 在潮湿状态下，通过在约0℃至约100℃的温度下将pH升高至约9以上。
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公开(公告)号：US4002586A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-11
申请号：US569720
申请日：1975-04-21
IPC分类号： C08F8/34 , C08F236/06 , C08G59/40 , C08L63/00
CPC分类号： C08G59/4064 , C08F236/06 , C08F8/44 , C08F2800/20
摘要： Modified cationic latexes are prepared from nonionic or cationic latexes having particles containing chemically bound epoxide groups at or near the particle surface by reacting the latex with a nucleophile such as dimethyl sulfide and an acid such as acetic acid to form a latex having stabilizing onium ions chemically bound to the particle at or near the particle surface.
摘要翻译： 改性阳离子胶乳由非离子或阳离子胶乳制备，其通过使胶乳与亲核试剂例如二甲基硫醚和酸如乙酸反应形成具有化学键合环氧化物基团的化学结合的环氧基团，从而形成具有稳定的离子化学 与颗粒表面处或附近的颗粒结合。
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公开(公告)号：US4929556A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-29
申请号：US216916
申请日：1988-07-08
摘要： Polysulfonium salts that can react with nucleophilic groups and covalently cross-link are used to immobilize enzymes or enzyme-containing cellular material. Some of the polysulfonium salts can both flocculate and covalently cross-link. Replacement of the cross-linker, glutaraldehyde, with the polysulfonium salt results in greater retention of enzyme activity during immobilization. Immobilization is carried out by forming a mixture of an enzyme or enzyme-containing cellular material and the polysulfonium salt and subjecting the mixture to conditions such that sulfonium ions react with nucleophilic groups contained by the enzyme or cellular material to form a covalently cross-linked and water insoluble product. The enzyme or cellular material may be flocculated with a flocculating agent prior to cross-linking with the polysulfonium salt. The polysulfonium salt can be a polymer containing sulfonium groups.
摘要翻译： 可与亲核基团反应并共价交联的聚锍盐用于固定酶或含酶细胞材料。 一些聚锍盐可以絮凝和共价交联。 用聚锍盐替代交联剂戊二醛导致固定期间酶活性的更大保留。 通过形成酶或含酶细胞材料和聚锍盐的混合物进行固定，并使混合物经受使锍离子与酶或细胞材料所含的亲核基团反应以形成共价交联和 水不溶物。 在与多锍盐交联之前，酶或细胞材料可以用絮凝剂絮凝。 聚锍盐可以是含有锍基团的聚合物。
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公开(公告)号：US4894165A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-16
申请号：US348928
申请日：1989-05-08
申请人： Richard F. Fibiger , Michael J. Colucci , David J. Forgach , Ritchie A. Wessling , Donald L. Schmidt
发明人： Richard F. Fibiger , Michael J. Colucci , David J. Forgach , Ritchie A. Wessling , Donald L. Schmidt
IPC分类号： B01D67/00
CPC分类号： B01D67/0088
摘要： Reverse osmosis membranes treated with polymers bearing carboxylic acid groups and optionally pendant hydroxyl or amide moieties display enhanced salt rejection and/or increased water flux. This treatment is particularly useful for improving the membrane characteristics of cellulose acetate and polyamide membranes.
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公开(公告)号：US4859384A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-22
申请号：US205576
申请日：1988-06-13
申请人： Richard F. Fibiger , Ja-young Koo , David J. Forgach , Robert J. Petersen , Donald L. Schmidt , Ritchie A. Wessling , Thomas F. Stocker
发明人： Richard F. Fibiger , Ja-young Koo , David J. Forgach , Robert J. Petersen , Donald L. Schmidt , Ritchie A. Wessling , Thomas F. Stocker
CPC分类号： B01D69/125 , B01D71/56 , Y10S264/48 , Y10S264/62
摘要： An improved composite polyamide membrane and methods of making the membrane are described. This improved membrane is prepared using a cationic polymeric wetting agent in an aqueous solution containing a polyfunctional amine reactant which is interfacially polymerized with an acyl halide to form a thin film polyamide discriminating layer on a microporous support. Alternatively, the wetting agent can be applied directly to the substrate and the interfacial polymerization can occur on said treated substrate. The resulting membrane exhibits an unexpected combination of high water flux, high rejection of divalent anion salts, variable sodium chloride rejection and good caustic resistance at low operating pressures. In one embodiment of this invention, a porous substrate is first treated with an aqueous piperazine solution containing a copolymer of vinylbenzyl dimethyl sulfonium chloride and methacrylic acid and then the coated microporous support is contacted with trimesoyl chloride in an organic solvent.
摘要翻译： 描述了改进的复合聚酰胺膜和制造膜的方法。 这种改进的膜是使用阳离子聚合物润湿剂在含有多官能胺反应物的水溶液中制备的，该反应物与酰基卤进行界面聚合以在微孔载体上形成薄膜聚酰胺鉴别层。 或者，润湿剂可以直接施加到基底上，并且界面聚合可以发生在所述经处理的基底上。 所得膜在低操作压力下表现出高水通量，二价阴离子盐的高排斥性，可变的氯化钠排除和良好的耐碱性的意想不到的组合。 在本发明的一个实施方案中，首先用含有乙烯基苄基二甲基氯化锍和甲基丙烯酸的共聚物的哌嗪水溶液处理多孔基材，然后将涂覆的微孔载体与均苯三甲酰氯在有机溶剂中接触。
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9.发明授权Aqueous-dispersible cyclic sulfonium compounds that cure to form water-insoluble polymers 失效固化形成水不溶性聚合物的水分散性环状锍化合物
公开(公告)号：US4797456A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-10
申请号：US448083
申请日：1982-12-09
IPC分类号： C07D333/32 , C07D333/46 , C08F20/38 , C08F22/24 , C08G59/14 , C09D201/02 , C07D333/02 , C08F128/06
CPC分类号： C09D201/02 , C07D333/32 , C07D333/46 , C08F20/38 , C08F22/24 , C08G59/1483
摘要： Water-soluble sulfonium salts are converted, without the elimination of odorous volatile by-products, to water-insoluble products useful as binders in coating formulations by heating a water-soluble cyclic sulfonium salt in which the sulfonium sulfur is bonded only to aliphatic carbons.
摘要翻译： 通过加热其中锍硫仅与脂肪族碳键合的水溶性环状锍盐，将水溶性锍盐转化成不含恶臭挥发性副产物的水不溶性产物，作为涂料配方中的粘合剂。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4797187A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-10
申请号：US86123
申请日：1987-08-17
申请人： Thomas E. Davis , Donald L. Schmidt , Jee I. Kau , Ritchie A. Wessling , Sharon S. Whipple , Richard F. Fibiger , Dale M. Pickelman
发明人： Thomas E. Davis , Donald L. Schmidt , Jee I. Kau , Ritchie A. Wessling , Sharon S. Whipple , Richard F. Fibiger , Dale M. Pickelman
IPC分类号： C08J5/22 , B01D20060101 , B01D67/00 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/08 , B01D69/12 , B01D69/14 , B01D71/40 , B01D71/44 , B01D71/46 , B01D71/52 , B01D71/68 , B01D71/72 , B01D71/80 , B01D71/82 , C05B7/00
CPC分类号： B01D67/0088 , B01D67/0093 , B01D69/08 , B01D69/125 , B01D69/14 , B01D71/40 , B01D71/44 , B01D71/46 , B01D71/52 , B01D71/68 , B01D71/72 , B01D71/80 , B01D71/82 , B01D2323/30 , Y10T428/249953 , Y10T428/249958 , Y10T428/249965 , Y10T428/249972 , Y10T428/249978
摘要： A novel composite membrane and methods of making the membrane are described. The discriminating layer of the membrane is prepared by reaction of a reactive cationic compound group with a compound bearing a nucleophilic moiety. At least one of the reactants bears an average of two or more reactive groups. The reaction product contains covalent bonds formed via charge eliminating reactions.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the nucleophilic group is anionic and a coacervate is formed initially on a microporous substrate. The resulting membrane may be useful for reverse osmosis, gas or ultrafiltration separations.
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