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公开(公告)号：US4293826A
公开(公告)日：1981-10-06
申请号：US34237
申请日：1979-04-30
IPC分类号： H01L31/12 , H01S5/00 , H01S5/02 , H01S5/022 , H01S5/026 , H01S5/0683 , H01S5/18 , H01S5/40 , H01S3/19
CPC分类号： H01S5/4025 , H01S5/02252 , H01S5/005 , H01S5/02284 , H01S5/02292 , H01S5/0683
摘要： A semiconductor injection laser is mounted on a silicon substrate. An optical detector is integral to the substrate and aligned at oblique angles relative to the path of the light from one of the light emitting facets of the laser. The detector may be connected to the current control circuit for the laser to provide a feedback signal which is proportional to the light deflected from the facet. The transversely disposed detector may also function to detect light from another source as part of an optical communication system. The detector may be a Schottky barrier or a p-n junction.
摘要翻译： 半导体注入激光器安装在硅衬底上。 光学检测器与衬底成一体并且相对于来自激光器的一个发光小面的光的路径以倾斜角对准。 检测器可以连接到用于激光器的电流控制电路，以提供与从小面偏转的光成正比的反馈信号。 横向布置的检测器还可以用于检测来自另一个源的光作为光通信系统的一部分。 检测器可以是肖特基势垒或p-n结。
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公开(公告)号：US4219785A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-26
申请号：US918740
申请日：1978-06-26
CPC分类号： H01S5/4068 , H01S5/0425 , H01S5/06243 , H01S5/4075
摘要： A light beam scanner of the moving interference fringe pattern type which includes a body of semiconductor material having a source of coherent radiation and wave guides for guiding the coherent radiation along a plurality of spatially displaced paths which are optically uncoupled, and means associated with the spatially displaced paths for producing relative phase changes between radiation in the different paths whereby interference fringes in the far field are spatially scanned. In addition, wavelength modulation of the laser over a range of about 80 A can be achieved. The source of the coherent radiation can be a single laser or a plurality of optically coupled lasers, and the optical uncoupling can be achieved by spatial displacement of the paths or by insertion of a high loss medium between the paths.
摘要翻译： 一种移动干涉条纹图案类型的光束扫描器，其包括具有相干辐射源的半导体材料体，以及用于沿光学非耦合的多个空间位移路径引导相干辐射的波导，以及与空间相关联的装置 用于在不同路径中的辐射之间产生相对相位变化的偏移路径，由此在远场中的干涉条纹被空间扫描。 此外，可以实现在大约80A范围内的激光器的波长调制。 相干辐射的源可以是单个激光器或多个光学耦合的激光器，并且光学解耦可以通过路径的空间位移或通过在路径之间插入高损耗介质来实现。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4185256A
公开(公告)日：1980-01-22
申请号：US869190
申请日：1978-01-13
CPC分类号： H01L33/0025 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/1032 , H01S5/0654 , H01S5/1021 , H01S5/2235 , H01S5/4031
摘要： Mode control both for longitudinal and fundamental transverse modes can be achieved by employing a mesa structure on the laser substrate during fabrication. The mesa will provide significant variations in the thickness of one or more heterostructure waveguiding layers that may be fabricated on the mesa formed substrate. As a result, the equivalent index of refraction for each waveguiding layer will be different. For longitudinal mode operation, a branching directional coupler can be directly fabricated during preferential LPE growth due to the presence of the mesa formed on the substrate. For fundamental transverse mode operation, oscillation can be restricted to a high gain region in a waveguiding layer due to the presence of the mesa and thickness variation and curvature in the active layer. Connected or juxtaposed stripe contact geometry can also be employed to provide a multicavity effect in a light waveguiding layer to enhance longitudinal mode selectivity.
摘要翻译： 可以通过在制造期间在激光基板上采用台面结构来实现纵向和基本横向模式的模式控制。 台面将提供可以在台面形成的基板上制造的一个或多个异质结构波导层的厚度的显着变化。 结果，每个波导层的等效折射率将是不同的。 对于纵向模式操作，由于在基板上形成的台面的存在，可以在优先LPE生长期间直接制造分支定向耦合器。 对于基本横向模式操作，由于在活性层中存在台面和厚度变化和曲率，振荡可以被限制在波导层中的高增益区域。 连接或并置的条状接触几何形状也可用于在光波导层中提供多腔效应以增强纵向模式选择性。
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公开(公告)号：US4006432A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-01
申请号：US515120
申请日：1974-10-15
CPC分类号： H01S5/187
摘要： A heterojunction diode laser which produces a highly collimated, polarized light beam perpendicular to the plane of the PN junction of the laser rather than through cleaved end faces in the plane of the PN junction. The diode laser includes a periodic structure which is buried at a heterojunction interface and in contact with a light waveguide layer. The periodic structure acts to produce the feedback necessary for lasing. If the spacing of the teeth of the periodic structure are an integer number of wavelengths of the light photons produced in the laser, the light beam exits at an angle perpendicular to the plane of the PN junction. If a tooth spacing is chosen that is not equal to an integer number of wavelengths of the light photons produced in the laser, the light beam may emerge from the diode at an angle other than the normal with the specific angle determined by the particular tooth spacing. To increase output intensity, the ends of the laser perpendicular to the plane of the PN junction and parallel to the teeth of the periodic structure may be cleaved and coated with a highly light reflective film.
摘要翻译： 一种异质结二极管激光器，其产生垂直于激光器PN结的平面的高度准直的偏振光束，而不是通过PN结平面中的裂开的端面。 二极管激光器包括周期性结构，其被埋在异质结界面并与光波导层接触。 周期性结构用于产生激光所需的反馈。 如果周期结构的齿的间隔是在激光器中产生的光子的整数波长，则光束以垂直于PN结的平面的角度射出。 如果选择不等于在激光器中产生的光子的整数波长的齿间隔，则光束可以以除了特定齿间隔所确定的特定角度的法线以外的角度从二极管出射 。 为了增加输出强度，垂直于PN结的平面的激光的端部并且平行于周期性结构的齿可以被切割并涂覆有高度反光的膜。
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公开(公告)号：US3969686A
公开(公告)日：1976-07-13
申请号：US562279
申请日：1975-03-26
CPC分类号： H01S5/12 , H01S5/187 , H01S5/4031 , H01S5/42 , H01S5/1071 , H01S5/4056
摘要： An electrically pumped, distributed feedback laser having all side surfaces of the active laser medium cleaved and a periodic structure at a 45.degree. angle to all of the cleaved surfaces. Current confining channels restrict pumping current to selected regions of the active laser medium to provide sufficient feedback such that two parallel filamentary areas of the active medium lase. By having multiple lasing filaments the divergence of the output beam in the direction of the width of the filaments is reduced by a factor proportional to the number of filamentary lasing areas.
摘要翻译： 一种电泵浦的分布式反馈激光器，其激活的激光介质的所有侧表面都被切割，并且与所有切割的表面成45度角的周期性结构。 电流限制通道将激励电流限制到活性激光介质的选定区域，以提供足够的反馈，使得活性介质的两个平行的丝状区域变薄。 通过具有多个激光丝，输出光束在细丝宽度方向上的发散度减小了与丝状激光区域数目成正比的因子。
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公开(公告)号：US4694459A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-15
申请号：US739805
申请日：1985-05-31
CPC分类号： H01S5/06255 , H01S5/10 , H01S5/20 , H01S5/4068 , H01S5/06243 , H01S5/1032 , H01S5/2059
摘要： A hybrid index/gain guided semiconductor laser has a gain guide type body with index waveguide attributes is characterized by having two regions of current confinement means. The first of these regions contains primary current confinement means and at least one second region which includes a pair of current confinement means parallel to each other and axially offset relative to the axis of the primary current confinement means and extend from the other laser facet toward the first region. The axially offset current confinement means in the second region provide regions of lower refractive index in the laser structure compared to the region of the laser optical cavity established between the offset current confinement means and, as a result, function as an index optical waveguide for the laser. The first region may be electrically isolated from the second region so that the first region is independently pumped relative to the second region. By varying the pumping current to the regions of the axially offset current confinement means, one can selectively change the refractive index differences established between the axially offset confinement means regions and the optical cavity region therebetween. The primary and offset current confinement geometry may be utilized in single or multiple element lasers.
摘要翻译： 混合折射率/增益引导半导体激光器具有具有折射率波导属性的增益引导型体，其特征在于具有两个电流限制装置区域。 这些区域中的第一区域包含初级电流限制装置和至少一个第二区域，其包括彼此平行并且相对于初级电流限制装置的轴线轴向偏移的一对电流限制装置，并且从另一个激光小面朝向 第一区。 与在偏置电流限制装置之间建立的激光光学腔的区域相比，第二区域中的轴向偏移电流限制装置在激光器结构中提供较低折射率的区域，结果，作为用于 激光。 第一区域可以与第二区域电隔离，使得第一区域相对于第二区域被独立地泵浦。 通过改变到轴向偏移电流限制装置的区域的泵送电流，可以选择性地改变在轴向偏移限制装置区域之间建立的折射率差异和它们之间的光学腔区域。 主要和偏移电流限制几何可以用于单个或多个元件激光器。
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公开(公告)号：US4347611A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-31
申请号：US204431
申请日：1980-11-06
CPC分类号： H01S5/2238
摘要： In an injection laser of the type having a mesa provided on the substrate, at least one or more radiation confinement layers is provided in the laser and with the active layer form an enlarged optical cavity (LOC) for radiation propagation to focus the beam produced into a narrow index guided filament.
摘要翻译： 在具有设置在衬底上的台面的类型的注射激光器中，在激光器中提供至少一个或多个辐射限制层，并且与有源层形成用于辐射传播的放大光腔（LOC），以将产生的光束聚焦 狭窄的指数导丝。
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8.发明授权Injection lasers with lateral spatial thickness variations (LSTV) in the active layer 失效有源层具有横向空间厚度变化（LSTV）的注入激光器
公开(公告)号：US4335461A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-15
申请号：US181262
申请日：1980-08-25
CPC分类号： H01S5/10 , H01S5/106 , H01S5/2275
摘要： Enhanced higher order mode discrimination is obtained in injection lasers with lateral spatial thickness variations (LSTV) in the active layer with (1) the proper refractive index quantitative differences in the cladding layers contiguous with the active layer and (2) by fabricating the active layer to have a rapidity in its LSTV from the maximum thickness to the minimum thickness that is very gradual.
摘要翻译： 在有源层具有横向空间厚度变化（LSTV）的注入激光器中获得增强的高阶模式鉴别，其中（1）与有源层邻接的包层中的适当的折射率定量差异以及（2）通过制造有源层 将其LSTV的最大厚度从最大厚度到最小厚度都是非常缓慢的。
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公开(公告)号：US4316156A
公开(公告)日：1982-02-16
申请号：US56765
申请日：1979-07-12
IPC分类号： G02F3/00 , H01L31/153 , H01L33/00 , H01S5/062 , H04B10/291 , H01S3/19
CPC分类号： H04B10/2914 , G02F3/00 , H01L31/153 , H01L33/0016 , H01S5/06243
摘要： Integrated laser diode devices are utilized as repeater elements and logic circuit elements in fiber optic and other light transfer systems. One embodiment discloses a six layer device (10) which is triggered not by an external electrical gating source, but by an external light source (8, 9) as from an optical fiber. Another embodiment operates a laser diode in a bilateral mode. That is, depending on the polarity of the applied voltage bias V to the device (50), two separate light pulses are emitted from different regions (56, 52) of the crystal. A further embodiment utilizes the semiconductor laser as a logical AND function. When the electrical bias (V) of the device (60) is set so that when at least two external light sources (67, 68) are applied, the device will emit laser light (69). Still another embodiment utilizes two semiconductor laser devices (911, 913) as an astable optical multivibrator (90).
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公开(公告)号：US4255717A
公开(公告)日：1981-03-10
申请号：US956307
申请日：1978-10-30
CPC分类号： H01S5/4068
摘要： A monolithic laser device produces a plurality of spatially displaced emitting cavities in an active layer of a semiconductor body acting as a waveguide for light wave propagation under lasing conditions. Various means are disclosed to deflect and directly couple a portion of the optical wave propagation into one or more different spatially displaced emitting cavities to improve coherence and reduce beam divergence.
摘要翻译： 单片激光装置在半导体主体的有源层中产生多个空间位移的发射腔，其作为用于激光条件下的光波传播的波导。 公开了各种装置以将光波传播的一部分偏转并直接耦合到一个或多个不同的空间位移发射腔中，以改善相干性并减小光束发散。
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