公开(公告)号：US20070076209A1

公开(公告)日：2007-04-05

申请号：US11240190

申请日：2005-09-30

申请人： Douglas Baer ,  Manish Gupta ,  Thomas Owano ,  Anthony O'Keefe

发明人： Douglas Baer ,  Manish Gupta ,  Thomas Owano ,  Anthony O'Keefe

IPC分类号： G01B9/02 ,  G01J3/45

CPC分类号： G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/39

摘要： The disclosure describes an absorption spectroscopy method for sensing hydrogen gas in a sample atmosphere and an associated hydrogen sensor. A light beam, having a wavelength corresponding to a vibrational transition of hydrogen molecules from a ground vibration state to any excited rotational vibration state via a quadrupole interaction, is introduced into an optical cavity adapted to receive a sample atmosphere to be tested for the presence of hydrogen gas. The light is introduced into the cavity in an off-axis alignment to systematically eliminate cavity resonances, while preserving the absorption signal amplifying properties of such cavities. Hydrogen absorption is measured is terms of cavity output, as in the ICOS technique.

公开(公告)号：US07298490B2

公开(公告)日：2007-11-20

申请号：US11240190

申请日：2005-09-30

申请人： Douglas S. Baer ,  Manish Gupta ,  Thomas Owano ,  Anthony O'Keefe

发明人： Douglas S. Baer ,  Manish Gupta ,  Thomas Owano ,  Anthony O'Keefe

IPC分类号： G01B9/02 ,  G01J3/45

CPC分类号： G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/39

摘要： The disclosure describes an absorption spectroscopy method for sensing hydrogen gas in a sample atmosphere and an associated hydrogen sensor. A light beam, having a wavelength corresponding to a vibrational transition of hydrogen molecules from a ground vibration state to any excited rotational vibration state via a quadrupole interaction, is introduced into an optical cavity adapted to receive a sample atmosphere to be tested for the presence of hydrogen gas. The light is introduced into the cavity in an off-axis alignment to systematically eliminate cavity resonances, while preserving the absorption signal amplifying properties of such cavities. Hydrogen absorption is measured is terms of cavity output, as in the ICOS technique.

摘要翻译： 本公开描述了用于检测样品气氛中的氢气和相关联的氢传感器的吸收光谱法。 具有对应于氢分子从地面振动状态到任何激发的旋转振动状态的经四极相互作用的振动转变的波长的光束被引入适于接收待测样品气氛的光学腔， 氢气。 光以离轴对准引入空腔，以系统地消除空腔谐振，同时保持这种空腔的吸收信号放大性能。 氢吸收测量是空腔输出的术语，如ICOS技术。

公开(公告)号：US07468797B1

公开(公告)日：2008-12-23

申请号：US11466348

申请日：2006-08-22

申请人： Anthony O'Keefe ,  Manish Gupta ,  Thomas G. Owano ,  Douglas S. Baer

发明人： Anthony O'Keefe ,  Manish Gupta ,  Thomas G. Owano ,  Douglas S. Baer

IPC分类号： G01N21/00

CPC分类号： G01N21/31 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/031

摘要： An absorption spectroscopy instrument is provided with a re-injection mirror to greatly increase the optical power coupled into an optical cavity, comprised of two or more mirrors, for the purpose of increasing the quality of absorption and extinction measurements made in the cavity. Light reflected from the first cavity mirror upon which a light beam is incident, can be efficiently collected and back reflected onto the same mirror, effectively producing a plurality of optical injections into the cavity. The instrument can be used for off-axis cavity ringdown spectroscopy, off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy, or other cavity-based spectroscopy applications.

摘要翻译： 吸收光谱仪器具有再注射镜，以大大增加耦合到由两个或更多个镜子组成的光学腔中的光功率，以增加在空腔中进行的吸收和消光测量的质量。 从入射光束的第一腔镜反射的光可以被有效地收集并反射回到相同的反射镜上，有效地产生多个光学注入到空腔中。 该仪器可用于离轴腔衰减光谱，离轴积分腔体输出光谱或其他基于腔的光谱应用。

公开(公告)号：US06839140B1

公开(公告)日：2005-01-04

申请号：US10188541

申请日：2002-07-03

申请人： Anthony O'Keefe ,  Manish Gupta

发明人： Anthony O'Keefe ,  Manish Gupta

IPC分类号： G01N21/00 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/39

CPC分类号： G01N21/31 ,  G01N2021/391

摘要： An integrated-cavity output spectroscopy (ICOS) instrument adapted for measuring liquid samples has a low-scatter flow cell arrangement passing through a stable optical cavity defined by an arrangement of two or more mirrors. The flow cell provides a sample volume within the cavity of at most one microliter at any given time. The optical cavity has an effective cavity length of at most one centimeter and mirror radii of curvature for the stable cavity arrangement are much longer than the cavity length. A light beam with stable characteristics is introduced into the cavity, passes through the liquid sample cell multiple times, and a detector measures a portion of the light from the cavity. The light measurement is analyzed to determine absorption by the liquid sample, and related information.

摘要翻译： 适用于测量液体样品的集成腔输出光谱（ICOS）仪器具有通过由两个或更多个反射镜的布置限定的稳定光学腔的低散射流动池布置。 流动池在任何给定时间内在空腔内提供至多一微升的样品体积。 光学腔具有至多一厘米的有效腔长度，并且用于稳定腔体布置的镜面半径比空腔长度长得多。 具有稳定特性的光束被引入空腔中，多次通过液体样品池，并且检测器测量来自空腔的光的一部分。 分析光测量以确定液体样品的吸收和相关信息。

公开(公告)号：US06795190B1

公开(公告)日：2004-09-21

申请号：US09976549

申请日：2001-10-12

申请人： Joshua B Paul ,  James J Scherer ,  Anthony O'Keefe

发明人： Joshua B Paul ,  James J Scherer ,  Anthony O'Keefe

IPC分类号： G01N2100

CPC分类号： G01N21/39 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/031

摘要： This patent describes a new method and apparatus which allows optical cavities to be used simply and effectively as absorption cells for the purpose of performing sensitive absorption spectroscopy. This method introduces a continuous-wave light beam into the cavity using an off-axis cavity alignment geometry to systematically eliminate the resonances commonly associated with optical cavities, while preserving the absorption signal amplifying properties of such cavities. This reduces the complexity of the apparatus considerably compared with other optical cavity-based absorption methods when applied in conjunction with either cavity ringdown spectroscopy or integrated cavity output spectroscopy. This method can also be used to characterize other optical loss processes occurring within the cavity such as scattering or total extinction coefficients, and to determine the losses due to the cavity mirrors themselves (reflectometry).

摘要翻译： 该专利描述了一种新的方法和装置，其允许光学腔被简单有效地用作吸收单元，用于进行灵敏吸收光谱。 该方法使用离轴空腔对准几何形式将连续波光束引入空腔，以系统地消除通常与光腔相关的共振，同时保持这种空腔的吸收信号放大特性。 与其它基于光学腔的吸收方法相比，当与空腔衰减光谱学或集成腔体输出光谱学结合使用时，这显着地降低了装置的复杂性。 该方法还可以用于表征腔内发生的其它光学损耗过程，例如散射或总消光系数，并确定由于腔镜本身（反射测量）引起的损耗。

公开(公告)号：US06694067B1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-17

申请号：US09755925

申请日：2001-01-05

申请人： Anthony O'Keefe ,  James J. Scherer

发明人： Anthony O'Keefe ,  James J. Scherer

IPC分类号： G02B600

CPC分类号： G01N21/7703 ,  G01N2021/7716 ,  G01N2021/7783 ,  G02B6/02033 ,  G02B6/02057

摘要： Chemically specific fiber and waveguide sensors are formed in a fiber optic or optical waveguide material in which injected light is trapped within a Bragg grating optical cavity. The Bragg cavity effectively traps the light for long times, corresponding to effective path lengths equal to hundreds or thousands of meters in the fiber or waveguide medium. The Bragg grating optical cavity is surrounded by a cladding of chemically sensitive material whose optical properties change when exposed to specific chemicals or classes of chemicals. The change in the optical properties of the cladding results in a change in the light trapping characteristics of the fiber or waveguide. Changes in optical transmission of the fiber optic or waveguide sensor can then be related to the concentration of specific chemicals or classes of chemicals in the environment surrounding the sensor.

摘要翻译： 化学特异性纤维和波导传感器形成在光纤或光波导材料中，其中注入的光被捕获在布拉格光栅光腔内。 布拉格腔有效地捕获光线长时间，对应于在光纤或波导介质中等于数百或数千米的有效路径长度。 布拉格光栅光腔由化学敏感材料的包层所包围，其光学性质在暴露于特定化学物质或化学物质类别时会发生变化。 包层的光学特性的变化导致光纤或波导的光捕获特性的变化。 然后光纤或波导传感器的光传输变化可以与传感器周围的环境中特定化学物质或化学物质的浓度有关。