摘要:
This invention relates to the methods of preparing optically active epoxy alcohol which is caracterized by the steps of adding carboxylic anhydride to racemic epoxy alcohol (formula 1) in the presence of a hydrolase in an organic solvent, esterifying (-)-form of the epoxy alcohol preferentially to be epoxy ester (formula 2), separating optically active epoxy ester (formula 2) from optically active epoxy alcohol (formula 3) to yield optically active epoxy alcohol (formula 4), so that epoxy alcohol (formula 1) in high purity can be obtained easily and safely at ordinary temperature. ##STR1##
摘要:
A passenger compartment duct is provided with a passenger compartment air blow opening through which air is supplied into a passenger compartment and a cab-air-supply-duct communicating opening communicating with a cab air supply duct. The cab air supply duct is provided with a cab air blow opening through which air is supplied into a cab and a passenger-compartment-duct communicating opening communicating with the passenger compartment air supply duct. There are provided a damper turning communication from the passenger compartment air supply duct to the cab air supply duct ON or OFF, a cab air outlet through which air in the cab is discharged to the outside of the cab, and a damper opening or closing the cab air outlet. The cab air outlet includes a first outlet opened so as to communicate with an air intake side of cab air-conditioning units and a second outlet opened so as to communicate with the passenger compartment. The damper selectively discharges air in the cab to either the outside air intake side of the cab air-conditioning units or the passenger compartment.
摘要:
When a racing of engine occurred during a speed change, an oil pressure is forcibly supplied to a friction engagement element to be released, and a back pressure of an accumulator disposed in an oil supply pipe of this friction engagement element of release side is increased in stepwise.
摘要:
In a constitution that a transmission torque capacities of friction engagement elements are determined based on an input shaft torque of a speed change mechanism and a torque sharing ratio, a change velocity of the torque sharing ratio of when the transmission torque capacity of a release side friction engagement element is changed from a value greater than a critical transmission torque capacity to a value smaller than the critical transmission torque capacity, is abruptly altered when the input shaft torque is equal to or less than predetermined value.
摘要:
An adhesive tape which comprises a tape base material having stretchability and an adhesive mainly consists of a rubber having halogen or the nitrile groups in the molecule and having unsaturated bonds in the main chain, or added therein a second rubber having halogen in the molecule and having no unsaturated bond in the main chain and/or a blocked polyisocyanate, the adhesive being coated on a surface of the tape base material. This adhesive tape shows firm adhesion to almost all the industrial rubber, particularly to a vulcanized rubber and also has high elasticity of the coated film so that, by using this adhesive tape, sporting goods made of rubber having good stretchability can be produced without troublesome sewing and sealing procedures.
摘要:
A gearshift controller for an automatic transmission comprises an input shaft torque estimating portion for estimating the input shaft torque, a torque dividing ratio setting portion for setting the torque dividing ratio for each friction member of each gear range, and a desired torque calculating portion for calculating the desired torque of each friction member on the basis of the input shaft torque and the torque dividing ratio, and a desired hydraulic fluid calculating portion for calculating the desired hydraulic fluid pressure for each friction member on the basis of the desired torque of the each friction member, and a hydraulic fluid controlling portion for providing the desired hydraulic fluid pressure to each friction member.
摘要:
A steady state transmission ratio Base i is computed from a vehicle speed VPS and a throttle opening TVO (S1). An output shaft revolution speed No of the transmission and a current transmission ratio i are detected (S2, S3). A coefficient TTINR is computed from a difference or a ratio or the like between the steady state transmission ratio Base i and the current transmission ratio i (S4). Then, from the current transmission ratio i, the output shaft revolution speed No and the coefficient TTINR, a shift speed SV=TTINR/(IE.times.i.times.No) is computed (S5). Then a shift control is performed in accordance with the shift speed SV so as to approach to the steady state transmission ratio Base i (S6.about.S9). Thus, the shift speed during shifting in a continuously variable transmission is controlled in consideration of inertia torque.
摘要:
In order to optimize the speed change control of a continuously variable transmission, a necessary minimum primary pressure (Ppmin) for achieving speed change ratio control, a necessary minimum line pressure (Plmin) for the non occurrence of slippage between a secondary pulley 3 and a belt 4, and a required speed change ratio line pressure (Plratio) which can realize a target speed change ratio without slippage on the primary pulley 2 side are computed. The highest of these is then selected, and a final output line pressure (Plprs) then obtained based on the selected line pressure. By using this line pressure (Plprs) to control a secondary pulley actuator 3a, slipping of the belt 4 can be prevented and a target speed change ratio achieved, with an extremely simple construction compared to that of conventional arrangements.
摘要:
A suspension structure is provided having a shock absorber for dampening the vibration from a wheel and a stabilizer for suppressing the up and down strokes in opposite phases generated from opposing wheels on a vehicle. The end portion of the stabilizer is connected to the lower end portion of the shock absorber.
摘要:
The present invention describes a method and a device for determining the direction towards which an input shaft rotation speed changes along with the release of a friction engagement element during transmission operation, and based on the direction of change, determining whether the transmission operation is a power-on state transmission operation or a power-off state transmission operation, and based on the result of determination, deciding either the release-side friction engagement element or the connection-side friction engagement element as the main object of control for performing the transmission operation.