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公开(公告)号：US06656335B2
公开(公告)日：2003-12-02
申请号：US09794388
申请日：2001-02-28
IPC分类号： G01N27404
CPC分类号： G01N27/4045
摘要： An apparatus for measuring partial hydrogen pressure in a gas stream is described. The apparatus includes a housing with micro-fuel cell sensor disposed therein. The sensor includes a sensing element having first and second gas diffusing electrodes spaced from one another with an acidic electrolyte disposed between the electrodes. A first gas permeable membrane separates the first electrode from an external gas stream. A second gas permeable membrane separates the second electrode from atmospheric air. Electrochemical charging of the first electrode occurs when hydrogen from a gas stream diffuses through the first membrane to react with the first electrode, while the potential of the second electrode remains unchanged. The potential difference between the first and second electrodes measured as current is identified to represent the sensor output.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于测量气流中的部分氢气压力的装置。 该装置包括设置在其中的具有微型燃料电池传感器的壳体。 传感器包括具有彼此间隔开的第一和第二气体扩散电极的感测元件，其中设置在电极之间的酸性电解质。 第一透气膜将第一电极与外部气流分开。 第二透气膜将第二电极与大气分离开。 当来自气流的氢气扩散通过第一膜以与第一电极反应时，第一电极的电化学充电发生，而第二电极的电位保持不变。 被确定为电流的第一和第二电极之间的电势差被识别以表示传感器输出。
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公开(公告)号：US06506296B2
公开(公告)日：2003-01-14
申请号：US09801043
申请日：2001-03-08
IPC分类号： G01N27404
CPC分类号： G01N27/4045 , G01N33/005 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/0687
摘要： An apparatus for measuring hydrogen content and partial hydrogen pressure in gas streams and a method of modeling the sensor based on the characteristics of the sensor. The apparatus includes a housing with micro-fuel cell sensor disposed therein. The sensor includes a sensing element having first and second gas diffusing electrodes spaced from one another with an acidic electrolyte disposed between the electrodes. A first gas permeable membrane separates the first electrode from an external gas stream. A second gas permeable membrane separates the second electrode from atmospheric air. Electrochemical charging of the first electrode occurs when hydrogen from a gas stream diffuses through the first membrane to react with the first electrode, while the potential of the second electrode remains unchanged. The potential difference between the first and second electrodes measured as current is identified to represent the sensor output. The response time of the sensor is modeled based on the characteristics of the sensor affecting the sensor response time.
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3.发明授权Apparatus for continuously determining volatile substances dissolved in insulating fluid 有权用于连续测定溶解在绝缘液中的挥发性物质的装置公开(公告)号：US06526805B1
公开(公告)日：2003-03-04
申请号：US09637083
申请日：2000-08-11
IPC分类号： G01N3700
CPC分类号： G01N21/3504 , G01N33/2841
摘要： An apparatus and method are provided for continuously monitoring the operation of electrical equipment and preventing critical operational failures. The invention quantitatively determines the concentrations of gas and/or vapor (including water) components in an insulating fluid on a real time basis. An increase of one or more detected chemical components signifies an actual or potential electrical problem with the equipment. The preferred apparatus consists of a gas extractor, an infrared gas analysis instrument, and a gas diaphragm pump. Gas and water vapor components are extracted from the insulating fluid by permeating through a membrane in a gas extractor. The gas and/or vapor components are then brought into an infrared gas analyzer by the gas diaphragm pump. A quad detector in the analysis instrument identifies and determines the concentration of three specified gases and/or the vapor simultaneously.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于连续监测电气设备的操作并防止关键操作故障的装置和方法。 本发明实时地定量地确定绝缘流体中的气体和/或蒸气（包括水）组分的浓度。 增加一个或多个检测到的化学成分表示设备的实际或潜在的电气问题。 优选的装置包括气体提取器，红外气体分析仪和气体隔膜泵。 通过渗入气体提取器中的膜，从绝缘流体中提取气体和水蒸气成分。 然后通过气体隔膜泵将气体和/或蒸气组分引入红外气体分析仪。 分析仪器中的四检测器同时识别并确定三种特定气体和/或蒸汽的浓度。
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4.发明授权Sensor device for detection of dissolved hydrocarbon gases in oil filled high-voltage electrical equipment 失效用于检测充油高压电气设备中溶解的烃类气体的传感器装置公开(公告)号：US07367217B2
公开(公告)日：2008-05-06
申请号：US11683739
申请日：2007-03-08
申请人： Edward B. Stokes , Peter M. Sandvik , Vinayak Tilak , Jeffrey B. Fedison , Elena Babes-Dornea , Renyan Qin , James W. Rose , Stanton E. Weaver
发明人： Edward B. Stokes , Peter M. Sandvik , Vinayak Tilak , Jeffrey B. Fedison , Elena Babes-Dornea , Renyan Qin , James W. Rose , Stanton E. Weaver
CPC分类号： G01N33/2841 , G01N27/4141
摘要： A multi-gas sensor device for the detection of dissolved hydrocarbon gases in oil-filled electrical equipment. The device comprising a semiconductor substrate, one or more catalytic metal gate-electrodes deposited on the surface of the semiconductor substrate operable for sensing various gases, and an ohmic contact deposited on the surface of the semiconductor substrate. The semiconductor substrate comprises one of GaN, SiC, AlN, InN, AlGaN, InGaN and AlInGaN. A method for sensing gas in an oil-filled reservoir of electrical equipment, comprising providing a sensor device, immersing the sensor device in the oil-filled reservoir, allowing the gases emitted from the oil to interact with the one or more catalytic metal gate-electrodes, altering the gas as it contacts the catalytic metal gate-electrodes and altering the sensitivity of the sensor.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检测充油电气设备中溶解的烃类气体的多气体传感器装置。 所述器件包括半导体衬底，沉积在可操作以感测各种气体的半导体衬底的表面上的一个或多个催化金属栅电极和沉积在半导体衬底的表面上的欧姆接触。 半导体衬底包括GaN，SiC，AlN，InN，AlGaN，InGaN和AlInGaN中的一种。 一种用于感测电气设备的充满油的储存器中的气体的方法，包括提供传感器装置，将传感器装置浸入充满油的储存器中，允许从油中排出的气体与一个或多个催化金属栅极 - 电极，当气体接触催化金属栅电极时改变气体并改变传感器的灵敏度。
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5.发明授权Sensor device for detection of dissolved hydrocarbon gases in oil filled high-voltage electrical equipment 失效用于检测充油高压电气设备中溶解的烃类气体的传感器装置公开(公告)号：US07254986B2
公开(公告)日：2007-08-14
申请号：US10319359
申请日：2002-12-13
申请人： Edward B. Stokes , Peter M. Sandvik , Vinayak Tilak , Jeffrey B. Fedison , Elena Babes-Dornea , Renyan Qin , James W. Rose , Stanton E. Weaver
发明人： Edward B. Stokes , Peter M. Sandvik , Vinayak Tilak , Jeffrey B. Fedison , Elena Babes-Dornea , Renyan Qin , James W. Rose , Stanton E. Weaver
CPC分类号： G01N33/2841 , G01N27/4141
摘要： A multi-gas sensor device for the detection of dissolved hydrocarbon gases in oil-filled electrical equipment. The device comprising a semiconductor substrate, one or more catalytic metal gate-electrodes deposited on the surface of the semiconductor substrate operable for sensing various gases, and an ohmic contact deposited on the surface of the semiconductor substrate. The semiconductor substrate comprises one of GaN, SiC, AlN, lnN, AlGaN, InGaN and AlInGaN. A method for sensing gas in an oil-filled reservoir of electrical equipment, comprising providing a sensor device, immersing the sensor device in the oil-filled reservoir, allowing the gases emitted from the oil to interact with the one or more catalytic metal gate-electrodes, altering the gas as it contacts the catalytic metal gate-electrodes and altering the sensitivity of the sensor.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检测充油电气设备中溶解的烃类气体的多气体传感器装置。 所述器件包括半导体衬底，沉积在可操作以感测各种气体的半导体衬底的表面上的一个或多个催化金属栅电极和沉积在半导体衬底的表面上的欧姆接触。 半导体衬底包括GaN，SiC，AlN，InN，AlGaN，InGaN和AlInGaN中的一种。 一种用于感测电气设备的充满油的储存器中的气体的方法，包括提供传感器装置，将传感器装置浸入充满油的储存器中，允许从油中排出的气体与一个或多个催化金属栅极 - 电极，当气体接触催化金属栅电极时改变气体并改变传感器的灵敏度。
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6.发明申请Sensor Device For Detection of Dissolved Hydrocarbon Gases in Oil Filled High-Voltage Electrical Equipment 失效用于检测充油高压电气设备中溶解的烃类气体的传感器装置公开(公告)号：US20070144236A1
公开(公告)日：2007-06-28
申请号：US11683739
申请日：2007-03-08
申请人： Edward Stokes , Peter Sandvik , Vinayak Tilak , Jeffrey Fedison , Elena Babes-Dornea , Renyan Qin , James Rose , Stanton Weaver
发明人： Edward Stokes , Peter Sandvik , Vinayak Tilak , Jeffrey Fedison , Elena Babes-Dornea , Renyan Qin , James Rose , Stanton Weaver
IPC分类号： G01N27/00
CPC分类号： G01N33/2841 , G01N27/4141
摘要： A multi-gas sensor device for the detection of dissolved hydrocarbon gases in oil-filled electrical equipment. The device comprising a semiconductor substrate, one or more catalytic metal gate-electrodes deposited on the surface of the semiconductor substrate operable for sensing various gases, and an ohmic contact deposited on the surface of the semiconductor substrate. The semiconductor substrate comprises one of GaN, SiC, AlN, InN, AlGaN, InGaN and AlInGaN. A method for sensing gas in an oil-filled reservoir of electrical equipment, comprising providing a sensor device, immersing the sensor device in the oil-filled reservoir, allowing the gases emitted from the oil to interact with the one or more catalytic metal gate-electrodes, altering the gas as it contacts the catalytic metal gate-electrodes and altering the sensitivity of the sensor.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检测充油电气设备中溶解的烃类气体的多气体传感器装置。 所述器件包括半导体衬底，沉积在可操作以感测各种气体的半导体衬底的表面上的一个或多个催化金属栅电极和沉积在半导体衬底的表面上的欧姆接触。 半导体衬底包括GaN，SiC，AlN，InN，AlGaN，InGaN和AlInGaN中的一种。 一种用于感测电气设备的充满油的储存器中的气体的方法，包括提供传感器装置，将传感器装置浸入充满油的储存器中，允许从油中排出的气体与一个或多个催化金属栅极 - 电极，当气体接触催化金属栅电极时改变气体并改变传感器的灵敏度。
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7.发明授权Laminated membranes for diffusion limited gas sensors resistant to pressure variations 有权用于扩散限制气体传感器的层压膜耐压力变化公开(公告)号：US07582196B2
公开(公告)日：2009-09-01
申请号：US10918692
申请日：2004-08-16
IPC分类号： H01M8/00
CPC分类号： G01N27/4045 , G01N33/2841 , H01M8/04089
摘要： A micro fuel cell sensor having laminated gas permeable membrane. The sensor comprises a housing, first and second gas diffusing electrodes spaced from one another, a fuel-cell spacer having an acidic electrolyte disposed between said first and second electrodes, and two gas permeable membranes. The first gas permeable membrane comprises a polymer laminated on a metal substrate, wherein the substrate comprises pores that have dimensions at least less than one-half the thickness of the polymer film.
摘要翻译： 一种具有层叠透气膜的微型燃料电池传感器。 传感器包括彼此间隔开的壳体，第一和第二气体扩散电极，具有设置在所述第一和第二电极之间的酸性电解质的燃料电池间隔件和两个透气膜。 第一透气膜包括层压在金属基底上的聚合物，其中基底包括具有至少小于聚合物膜厚度的一半的尺寸的孔。
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公开(公告)号：US20060032742A1
公开(公告)日：2006-02-16
申请号：US10918692
申请日：2004-08-16
IPC分类号： H01M8/00
CPC分类号： G01N27/4045 , G01N33/2841 , H01M8/04089
摘要： A micro fuel cell sensor having laminated gas permeable membrane. The sensor comprises a housing, first and second gas diffusing electrodes spaced from one another, a fuel-cell spacer having an acidic electrolyte disposed between said first and second electrodes, and two gas permeable membranes. The first gas permeable membrane comprises a polymer laminated on a metal substrate, wherein the substrate comprises pores that have dimensions at least less than one-half the thickness of the polymer film.
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9.发明申请SENSOR APPARATUS FOR MEASURING AND DETECTING ACETYLENE AND HYDROGEN DISSOLVED IN A FLUID 有权用于测量和检测流体中乙烯和氢的传感器装置公开(公告)号：US20090166197A1
公开(公告)日：2009-07-02
申请号：US11968385
申请日：2008-01-02
申请人： Yves Grincourt , Elena Babes-Dornea
发明人： Yves Grincourt , Elena Babes-Dornea
IPC分类号： G01N27/26
CPC分类号： G01N27/4045
摘要： A fuel cell sensor is provided for detecting the presence of acetylene and hydrogen in a fluid. The sensor includes a sensing element having first and second gas diffusing electrodes spaced from one another. The first gas diffusing electrode can be used for sensing acetylene. The second gas diffusing electrode can be used for sensing hydrogen. A fuel cell spacer having an acidic electrolyte is disposed between the sensing element and a common electrode. The sensing element can be configured to have a specific ratio of the area between the first gas diffusing electrode in relation to the area of the second gas diffusing electrode.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于检测流体中乙炔和氢气的存在的燃料电池传感器。 传感器包括具有彼此间隔开的第一和第二气体扩散电极的感测元件。 第一气体扩散电极可用于感测乙炔。 第二气体扩散电极可用于感测氢。 具有酸性电解质的燃料电池间隔件设置在感测元件和公共电极之间。 感测元件可以被配置为具有相对于第二气体扩散电极的面积的第一气体扩散电极之间的面积的特定比率。
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公开(公告)号：US20100040935A1
公开(公告)日：2010-02-18
申请号：US12190038
申请日：2008-08-12
申请人： Elena Babes-Dornea , Yves Grincourt
发明人： Elena Babes-Dornea , Yves Grincourt
IPC分类号： H01M4/00
CPC分类号： H01M8/08 , G01N27/4075 , H01M4/0471 , H01M4/8657 , H01M4/90 , H01M4/921 , H01M8/0234 , H01M8/0245 , H01M2300/0085 , Y02E60/50
摘要： An electrode for a fuel cell element including a hydrophobic graphite support layer; a semi-hydrophobic electro-catalyst layer including an electro-catalytically active material in a carbon substrate and a polytretrofluorethylene (PTFE) content having a first concentration; and a hydrophilic electro-catalyst layer including an electro-catalytically active material in a carbon substrate and having a PTFE content having a second concentration that is less than the first concentration.
摘要翻译： 1.一种用于燃料电池元件的电极，包括疏水性石墨支撑层; 包含碳基体中的电催化活性物质和具有第一浓度的聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）含量的半疏水性电催化剂层; 以及在碳基板中包含电催化活性物质并具有低于第一浓度的第二浓度的PTFE含量的亲水性电催化剂层。
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