公开(公告)号：US4132615A

公开(公告)日：1979-01-02

申请号：US747480

申请日：1976-12-06

申请人： Ernst Linder ,  Leo Steinke ,  Franz Rieger

发明人： Ernst Linder ,  Leo Steinke ,  Franz Rieger

IPC分类号： G01N27/407 ,  G01N31/10 ,  G01N27/46

CPC分类号： G01N27/4075 ,  G01N27/4077 ,  G01N31/10

摘要： To avoid temperature shock and mechanical damage to oxygen sensors with ion conductive solid electrolytes exposed to the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, a catalyst, for example in the form of aluminum oxide pellets having a catalyzing surface layer, is located to surround the oxygen sensor, or just in advance of the oxygen sensor in a bypass pipe, branching off from the exhaust gas pipe of the engine to take samples of the exhaust gases so that the sensor and catalyst form an assembly, or sensing combination. The catalyzing layer may be platinum, or a platinum metal, or an alloy of platinum with aluminum, cobalt, nickel, or chromium, or may be mineral wool, or wool of glass, or asbestos fibers having their surface coated with any of the foregoing catalysts.

摘要翻译： 为了避免暴露于内燃机废气的离子传导性固体电解质的氧传感器的温度冲击和机械损伤，例如具有催化表面层的氧化铝颗粒形式的催化剂位于氧传感器周围 或者恰好在旁通管中的氧传感器之前，从发动机的排气管分支出来以取样废气，使得传感器和催化剂形成组件或感测组合。 催化层可以是铂或铂金属，或铂与铝，钴，镍或铬的合金，或者可以是矿物棉，玻璃棉或石棉纤维，其表面涂有上述任一种 催化剂。

公开(公告)号：US4369748A

公开(公告)日：1983-01-25

申请号：US268856

申请日：1981-06-01

申请人： Leo Steinke ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

发明人： Leo Steinke ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

IPC分类号： G01M15/00 ,  F02P5/152 ,  F02P5/153 ,  G01H9/00 ,  G01H17/00 ,  G01L23/22 ,  F02P5/04 ,  F02B3/00

CPC分类号： G01L23/22 ,  F02P5/1525 ,  Y02T10/46

摘要： A sensor (10) optically coupled to the combustion chamber (10') of an internal combustion (IC) engine is kept free from contaminating or dirt deposits, or the like, by subjecting the sensor to mechanical shocks or vibration. The mechanical shocks or vibration are obtained by the engine itself by controlling the engine to operate for a predetermined time period as set by a monostable flip-flop (FF) (18) under controlled knocking conditions, the shock waves within the combustion chamber causing flaking off or dropping off of contaminating deposits. Controlled knocking can be obtained by advancing ignition timing by additional control of an ignition system (19) in a direction of excessive spark advance, or overriding a knocking inhibiting system already present on the engine. The degree of contamination of the sensor can be determined, for example, by integrating the light received over a predetermined angle of rotation of the engine crankshaft and comparing this rotation with the amount of fuel supplied to the engine for combustion, for example by comparison with timing of a fuel injection pulse, or the like.

摘要翻译： 光学耦合到内燃机（IC）发动机的燃烧室（10'）的传感器（10）通过使传感器受到机械冲击或振动而保持没有污染或污垢沉积物等。 发动机本身通过控制发动机在受控的爆震条件下由单稳态触发器（FF）（18）设定的预定时间段来实现机械冲击或振动，燃烧室内的冲击波引起剥落 脱落或掉落污染沉积物。 可以通过在点火系统（19）的过度火花提前的方向上进一步控制点火正时或者超越已经存在于发动机上的爆震抑制系统来获得控制爆震。 传感器的污染程度可以例如通过将在发动机曲轴的预定旋转角度上接收到的光积分并将该旋转与供给到发动机用于燃烧的燃料量进行比较来确定，例如通过与 燃料喷射脉冲的定时等。

公开(公告)号：US4499867A

公开(公告)日：1985-02-19

申请号：US610109

申请日：1984-05-14

申请人： Ernst Linder ,  Winfried Moser ,  Franz Rieger

发明人： Ernst Linder ,  Winfried Moser ,  Franz Rieger

IPC分类号： F02P19/02 ,  F02D19/02

CPC分类号： F02P17/02 ,  F02D35/028 ,  F02P19/021

摘要： The invention is directed to an arrangement for controlling an internal combustion engine equipped with glow plugs. The arrangement includes a heat-control circuit for controlling the temperature of the glow plug and an ancillary control circuit which can be a fuel control circuit for example. The ancillary control circuit takes over from the heat-control circuit for the purpose of controlling the ignition time point of the mixture when the temperature-control has reached its limit. A comparator is provided to monitor the heat-control circuit and to activate the ancillary control circuit if necessary.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于控制配备有电热塞的内燃机的装置。 该装置包括用于控制预热塞的温度的热控制电路和例如可以是燃料控制电路的辅助控制电路。 辅助控制电路从控制电路接管，以便在温度控制达到极限时控制混合物的点火时间点。 提供比较器来监视热控制电路，并在必要时激活辅助控制电路。

公开(公告)号：US4425788A

公开(公告)日：1984-01-17

申请号：US344407

申请日：1982-02-01

申请人： Horst Franke ,  Ernst Linder ,  Winfried Moser ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

发明人： Horst Franke ,  Ernst Linder ,  Winfried Moser ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

IPC分类号： G01M15/04 ,  F02B1/04 ,  G01H9/00 ,  G01L23/22 ,  G01M15/10 ,  H01T13/48

CPC分类号： H01T13/48 ,  G01L23/22 ,  G01M15/10 ,  F02B1/04

摘要： To permit individual evaluation of the combustion processes in the respective cylinders (1a-d) of an internal combustion (IC) engine (2), individual optical pick-ups (3a-d; 4a-d) are coupled to the respective cylinders, the output signals either in optical or electrical form are conducted to separate pick-ups for individual evaluation or, alternatively, the output signals are combined and then again separated out by a steering circuit. Individual evaluation can be accomplished by locating light guide fibers from the sensors in a predetermined position with respect to opto-electrical transducers; by forming scanning windows, for example by a rotating disk (19, 20) rotating n in synchronism with the engine and permitting passage of light from the respective fibers of the light guides to respective pick-ups; or by combining the light outputs from the respective sensors (4) either optically by intermixing light guide fibers in a common cable (6'), or electrically in an equivalent OR-circuit (FIG. 8: R.sub.L) with subsequent correlation of the output signal with a specific cylinder by a scanning disk (FIG. 6: 20) with suitably placed openings (22a-d) therein, or an electrical time-multiplex steering circuit (FIG. 8: 30) operating in synchronism with rotation of the engine.

摘要翻译： 为了对内燃（IC）发动机（2）的各汽缸（1a-d）中的燃烧过程进行单独评估，将各个光拾取器（3a-d; 4a-d）联接到相应气缸， 以光学或电气形式输出的信号被传送到用于单独评估的单独的拾取器，或者，输出信号被组合，然后由转向电路再次分离。 可以通过将来自传感器的光导纤维相对于光电换能器定位在预定位置来实现个体评估; 通过形成扫描窗口，例如通过与发动机同步旋转的旋转盘（19,20），并允许光从光导的各个光纤通过到相应的拾取器; 或者通过将光导纤维混合在公共电缆（6'）中，或者在等效的或电路（图8：RL）中电耦合来分别来自各个传感器（4）的光输出， 通过其中具有适当放置的开口（22a-d）的扫描盘（图6：20）或具有与发动机的旋转同步运行的电气时间复用转向电路（图8：30）的具有特定气缸的信号 。

公开(公告)号：US4394855A

公开(公告)日：1983-07-26

申请号：US261413

申请日：1981-05-07

申请人： Reinhard Latsch ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

发明人： Reinhard Latsch ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

IPC分类号： F02B19/10 ,  F02B19/12 ,  F02B19/16 ,  F02B23/08 ,  F02P13/00

CPC分类号： F02B19/12 ,  F02B19/1009 ,  Y02T10/125

摘要： An ignition chamber device is described which has an elongated, rotationally symmetrical form. The wall of the ignition chamber which protrudes into the main combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine has a coaxial overflow conduit embodied by a nozzle and radially extending discharge conduits which extend into the annular chamber which surrounds the nozzle. The ignition chamber is provided with an ignition device which has a central electrode that leads from the outside into the interior and by means of this central electrode the ignition voltage is carried via a conductor path, disposed in the wall, to a wall location opposite the nozzle, from where the ignition spark can leap the gap. A heat pipe is disposed in the nozzle and includes a portion arranged in close proximity to the cylinder wall, which prevents the ignition chamber from becoming overheated and on the other hand also enables the inflowing mixture to be heated up in optimal fashion on the way to the ignition location.

摘要翻译： 描述了具有细长旋转对称形式的点火室装置。 点燃室的突出到内燃机的主燃烧室的壁具有由喷嘴和径向延伸的排放导管构成的同轴溢流导管，其延伸到围绕喷嘴的环形室中。 点火室设置有点火装置，该点火装置具有从外部引导到内部的中心电极，并且借助于该中心电极，点火电压通过布置在壁中的导体路径被承载到相对于 喷嘴，从那里点火火花可以跳过间隙。 热管设置在喷嘴中，并且包括靠近气缸壁布置的部分，其防止点火室变得过热，另一方面也使得流入的混合物能够以最佳方式被加热到途中 点火位置。

公开(公告)号：US4294679A

公开(公告)日：1981-10-13

申请号：US145738

申请日：1980-05-01

申请人： Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Ernst Linder ,  Franz Rieger ,  Gunther Stecher

发明人： Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Ernst Linder ,  Franz Rieger ,  Gunther Stecher

IPC分类号： G01N27/41 ,  B01L3/00 ,  G01N27/406 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/413 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/48 ,  G01N27/58

CPC分类号： G01N27/4071 ,  G01N27/4067 ,  G01N27/48 ,  Y10T29/49002

摘要： To apply a measured quantity of air to the electrodes applied to a plate-like solid electrolyte body, which may be a chip on a carrier or may, itself, form the carrier, grooves, flutes, ducts, or depressions are formed in the carrier and/or a cover plate, the grooves terminating at an edge portion with access to the gas to be supplied, and having a size such that their clear height is preferably in the lower micron region, and a width, preferably under 1 mm, and particularly between 0.2 and 0.4 mm. The higher limits are applicable to apply, for example, air to a reference electrode, to apply ambient oxygen thereto; the lower limits are appropriate when operating the sensor as a polarographic sensor, in which the diffusion limited current, upon application of a bias voltage, is an analog measure of the oxygen concentration in the gas, and the gas supply to the electrode must be suitably controlled to prevent saturation conditions. The grooves may be formed, for example, by sandblasting or by applying insulating material in the form of posts, ridges, and the like, on the respective element, filling the space therebetween with a filler substance which, upon subsequent sintering, escapes, thus leaving the voids forming the grooves, depressions, and the like.

摘要翻译： 为了将应用于板状固体电解质体的电极施加测量量的空气，该固体电解质体可以是载体上的芯片，或者可以自身形成载体，在载体中形成凹槽，凹槽，管道或凹陷 和/或盖板，所述槽终止于边缘部分，具有进入待供应气体的通道，并且具有这样的尺寸，使得它们的透明高度优选地在较低的微米区域中，宽度优选地在1mm以下，以及 特别是在0.2和0.4毫米之间。 上限适用于将例如空气施加到参比电极，以向其施加环境氧; 当将传感器作为极谱传感器操作时，下限是适当的，其中在施加偏压时扩散受限电流是气体中氧浓度的模拟测量，并且对电极的气体供应必须适当 控制以防止饱和条件。 凹槽可以例如通过喷砂或通过在各个元件上施加柱状物，脊等的形式的绝缘材料形成，用填充物填充其间的空间，该填充物在随后的烧结时逸出，因此 留下形成凹槽，凹陷等的空隙。

公开(公告)号：US3969932A

公开(公告)日：1976-07-20

申请号：US604320

申请日：1975-08-13

申请人： Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder ,  Peter Jurgen Schmidt

发明人： Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder ,  Peter Jurgen Schmidt

IPC分类号： F02D41/34 ,  F01N3/00 ,  F01N11/00 ,  F02B77/08 ,  F02D41/14 ,  G01M15/00

CPC分类号： F01N11/007 ,  F02B77/086 ,  F02D41/1441 ,  F02D41/1474 ,  F01N2430/06 ,  F01N2550/02 ,  Y02T10/47

摘要： The inlet and outlet ends of a catalytic reactor are instrumented with oxygen sensors. A change of the fuel-air concentration of the combustible mixture is indicated by a jump in the output voltage of the sensors; the voltage of the inlet sensor changes before that of the outlet sensor and the greater the time difference between these changes, the higher is the catalytic activity of the reactor. When a repeatable and constant engine condition is reached, the fuel-air mixture is abruptly changed and an electronic circuit enables a logical circuit which controls a signal lamp. If, during a predetermined time interval, the outlet sensor also changes its output voltage, indicating a time difference which is too short, the warning signal is energized and the operator is alerted to the insufficient level of reactor activity.

摘要翻译： 催化反应器的入口端和出口端装有氧传感器。 可燃混合物的燃料 - 空气浓度的变化由传感器的输出电压的跳跃表示; 入口传感器的电压在出口传感器的电压变化之前，这些变化之间的时间差越大，反应器的催化活性越高。 当达到可重复且恒定的发动机状态时，燃料 - 空气混合物突然改变，并且电子电路使能控制信号灯的逻辑电路。 如果在预定的时间间隔期间，出口传感器也改变其输出电压，指示太短的时间差，则警告信号被激励，并且操作员被警告到反应堆活动的水平不足。

公开(公告)号：US4514656A

公开(公告)日：1985-04-30

申请号：US428003

申请日：1982-09-29

申请人： Eckart Damson ,  Reinhard Latsch ,  Ernst Linder ,  Franz Rieger ,  Rainer Schussler

发明人： Eckart Damson ,  Reinhard Latsch ,  Ernst Linder ,  Franz Rieger ,  Rainer Schussler

IPC分类号： G01L23/22 ,  H01T1/12 ,  H01T13/16 ,  H01T13/48

CPC分类号： G01L23/22

摘要： To permit adjustment of the combination sparkplug-optical sensor for heat transfer upon operation of the sensor-sparkplug combination as a sparkplug, in accordance with known sparkplug technology, the insulator of the sparkplug is formed with a central opening in which a material is included which is electrically conductive and providing for controlled heat transfer, for example a packing or a mixture of aluminum oxide with a conductive powder, such as graphite, aluminum, or copper; or, alternatively, sheet metal elements may be located therein providing controlled radial engagement around a central glass rod forming the optical sensor and the inner wall of the opening and the insulator (FIG. 2); or, alternatively, axially resilient elements, such as a bellows-like corrugated metal element (FIG. 3) or a stack of spring disks (FIG. 4) may be positioned in the opening, axially biased by screwing the connecting terminal (10) into a tapped opening of the insulator. Heat transfer or transmission control is effected by introducing between metallic components of the combination and the glass rod a heat conductive mass (2) which fills the space between the glass rod and the metallic components over a predetermined length, in accordance with desired heat transfer characteristics.

摘要翻译： 为了允许在根据已知的火花塞技术操作传感器火花塞组合的情况下调整用于热传递的组合火花塞 - 光学传感器，根据已知的火花塞技术，火花塞的绝缘体形成有中心开口，其中包括材料， 导电并提供受控的热传递，例如填料或氧化铝与导电粉末如石墨，铝或铜的混合物; 或者可选地，钣金元件可以位于其中，提供围绕形成光学传感器的中心玻璃棒和开口和绝缘体的内壁（图2）的可控径向接合; 或者可选地，轴向弹性元件，例如波纹管状波纹状金属元件（图3）或弹簧盘堆叠（图4）可以定位在开口中，通过旋拧连接端子（10）轴向偏置， 进入绝缘子的开口。 通过在组合的金属部件和玻璃棒之间引入根据期望的热传递特性而将玻璃棒和金属部件之间的空间填充预定长度的导热块（2）来进行热传递或变速器控制 。

公开(公告)号：US4355618A

公开(公告)日：1982-10-26

申请号：US207560

申请日：1980-11-17

申请人： Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Ernst Linder ,  Harald Reber ,  Hermann Dietz

发明人： Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Ernst Linder ,  Harald Reber ,  Hermann Dietz

IPC分类号： F02D41/34 ,  F02D3/00 ,  F02D41/14 ,  F02B3/00

CPC分类号： F02D41/1476

摘要： A method and apparatus is proposed for obtaining a control variable for the closed-loop control of the fuel-air ratio of the operating mixture of internal combustion engines, in which a threshold-current sensor of known structure is used. By means of varying the measurement voltage present at the threshold-current sensor by voltage amounts which correspond to a change in oxygen concentration to be expected in association with a change in operational state, the time behavior of the threshold-current sensor, which is essentially sluggish, is compensated for and it becomes possible to use it for rapidly-functioning closed-loop control systems in internal combustion engines.

摘要翻译： 提出了一种方法和装置，用于获得其中使用已知结构的阈值电流传感器的内燃机的操作混合物的燃料 - 空气比的闭环控制的控制变量。 通过将阈值电流传感器上存在的测量电压改变为与预期的运行状态变化相对应的氧浓度变化的电压量，阈值电流传感器的时间特性基本上是 缓慢，被补偿，并且可以将其用于内燃机中快速功能的闭环控制系统。

公开(公告)号：US4333439A

公开(公告)日：1982-06-08

申请号：US127158

申请日：1980-03-04

申请人： Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder

发明人： Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder

IPC分类号： F02M25/07 ,  F02D21/08 ,  F02M25/06

CPC分类号： F02D41/0065 ,  F02D41/144 ,  F02D41/005 ,  Y02T10/47

摘要： An apparatus is proposed for controlling the exhaust recirculation rate in an internal combustion engine, in particular an engine with auto-ignition, which includes preferably one mixture valve in the area of the discharge opening of the exhaust recirculation line and which is characterized in that the control is accomplished via the mixture valve position ahead of the inlet valves in accordance with the concentration of at least one component of the air-exhaust gas mixture and/or at least one component of the exhaust gas. Thus it is possible to operate the engine with a relatively emission-free exhaust. An exhaust gas reservoir is further provided, with which peaks in the exhaust gas concentration due to a dynamic driving mode can be intercepted. Finally, it is also proposed that the exhaust recirculation be realized solely via a pressure, which can be controlled in open-loop or closed-loop fashion, in the exhaust line by means of a valve.

摘要翻译： 提出了一种用于控制内燃机，特别是具有自动点火的发动机的排气再循环率的装置，其优选地包括在排气再循环管线的排放口的区域中的一个混合阀，并且其特征在于， 根据排气混合物的至少一种组分和/或废气的至少一种组分的浓度，通过进口阀前面的混合阀位置实现控制。 因此，可以用相对无排放的排气来操作发动机。 还设置有废气储存器，由此可以拦截由于动态驱动模式引起的废气浓度的峰值。 最后，还提出排气再循环仅通过可通过阀门在排气管路中以开环或闭环方式控制的压力来实现。