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1.发明授权Shear thickening compositions containing polyacrylic acid and polyacrylamide, their preparation and use 失效包含聚丙烯酸和聚丙烯酰胺的剪切增稠组合物，其制备和用途
公开(公告)号：US4683953A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-04
申请号：US711996
申请日：1985-03-14
CPC分类号： E21B21/003 , C09K8/24 , C09K8/50 , Y10S507/928
摘要： The dispersed aqueous phase of a shear thickening composition, useful as a well control fluid which comprises a water-in-oil emulsion having hydratable, water-expandable hydrophillic clay, dispersed in the continuous, surfactant-containing oily phase thereof, hydratable, water-expandable hydrophillic clay, is prepared by mixing an aqueous solution of a polyacrylamide with an aqueous solution of polyacrylic acid wherein the concentration of the polymer in each separate solution used to prepare said aqueous phase is less than about 2 wt %.
摘要翻译： 剪切增稠组合物的分散水相可用作井控流体，其包含分散在其连续的含表面活性剂的油相中的可水合的，水可膨胀的亲水性粘土的油包水乳液，可水合的， 通过将聚丙烯酰胺的水溶液与聚丙烯酸水溶液混合制备，其中用于制备所述水相的每个单独溶液中的聚合物的浓度小于约2重量％。
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公开(公告)号：US20150275126A1
公开(公告)日：2015-10-01
申请号：US14734605
申请日：2015-06-09
IPC分类号： C10M161/00
CPC分类号： B01J13/02 , C09B67/0097 , C10M169/04 , C10M171/06 , C10M2201/066 , C10M2201/084 , C10M2203/1006 , C10M2203/1025 , C10M2205/0285 , C10M2205/04 , C10M2205/223 , C10M2207/02 , C10M2207/022 , C10M2207/023 , C10M2207/026 , C10M2207/04 , C10M2207/046 , C10M2207/10 , C10M2207/125 , C10M2207/127 , C10M2207/16 , C10M2207/262 , C10M2207/28 , C10M2209/1045 , C10M2215/02 , C10M2215/064 , C10M2215/08 , C10M2215/28 , C10M2219/044 , C10M2219/066 , C10M2219/068 , C10M2219/087 , C10N2220/082 , C10N2230/06 , C10N2230/10 , C10N2230/54 , C10N2230/58 , C10N2240/10 , C10N2250/022 , C10N2250/16 , C10N2210/06 , C10N2260/14 , C10N2220/022
摘要： This disclosure relates to lubricating engines using formulated lubricating oils to reduce wear and improve engine fuel efficiency. The formulated lubricating oils contain a major amount of a nonpolar lubricating oil base stock and a minor amount of one or more polar lubricating oil additives. The one or more polar lubricating oil additives include swollen inverse micelles dispersed in the nonpolar lubricating oil base stock. The swollen inverse micelles include (i) a liquid polar core containing a polar solvent and one or more polar lubricating oil additives having solubility in the polar solvent, and (ii) a layer of liquid surfactant molecules enclosing the liquid polar core in which polar heads of the liquid surfactant molecules are oriented towards the liquid polar core. A method of improving solubility of polar lubricating oil additives in a nonpolar lubricating oil base stock is also provided.
摘要翻译： 本公开涉及使用配制的润滑油的润滑发动机，以减少磨损并提高发动机燃料效率。 配制的润滑油含有大量的非极性润滑油基础油和少量的一种或多种极性润滑油添加剂。 一种或多种极性润滑油添加剂包括分散在非极性润滑油基础油中的溶胀的反胶束。 溶胀的反胶束包括（i）含有极性溶剂的液体极性核心和在极性溶剂中具有溶解性的一种或多种极性润滑油添加剂，和（ii）包围液体极性核心的液体表面活性剂分子层，其中极性头 的液体表面活性剂分子朝向液体极性核取向。 还提供了提高极性润滑油添加剂在非极性润滑油基础油中的溶解度的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4475594A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-09
申请号：US392722
申请日：1982-06-28
IPC分类号： C09K8/502 , C08K5/01 , C08K5/34 , C08L23/00 , E21B33/138
CPC分类号： C09K8/502
摘要： A process for plugging a porous area of well bore which comprises pumping a shear thickening composition into the well under conditions of low shear to the portion of the well bore desired to be plugged at which point subjected to high shear to form a paste which plugs or seals the porous area. The shear thickening composition comprises a water-in-oil emulsion having granular bentonite dispersed in the oily phase, said oily phase having both an oil soluble amine and a polyamine derivative surfactant dissolved therein. The aqueous phase will preferably comprises a polyacrylamide solution. This process may be used for plugging wells having depths in excess of 8,000 feet.
摘要翻译： 一种用于堵塞井眼多孔区域的方法，其包括在低剪切条件下将剪切增稠组合物泵送到井的要被堵塞的部分的孔的部分，在该点经受高剪切以形成糊状物的堵塞或 密封多孔区域。 剪切增稠组合物包含分散在油相中的颗粒膨润土的油包水乳液，所述油相具有溶解于其中的油溶性胺和多胺衍生物表面活性剂。 水相优选包含聚丙烯酰胺溶液。 该过程可用于堵塞深度超过8000英尺的井。
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公开(公告)号：US4663366A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-05
申请号：US586840
申请日：1984-03-06
CPC分类号： C09K8/50 , C09K8/24 , E21B21/003
摘要： A shear thickening composition which comprises a water-in-oil emulsion having dispersed in the continuous, oily phase thereof, hydratable, water-expandable hydrophillic clay, wherein said oily phase has a polyamine derivative surfactant dissolved therein and the dispersed aqueous phase comprises an aqueous solution of a polyacrylamide and polycarboxylic acid. These compositions are useful as well control fluids and may be used in deep wells.
摘要翻译： 一种剪切增稠组合物，其包含分散在其连续的油相中的油包水乳液，其是可水合的，水可膨胀的亲水性粘土，其中所述油相具有溶解在其中的多胺衍生物表面活性剂，并且所述分散的水相包含水性 聚丙烯酰胺和多元羧酸的溶液。 这些组合物也可用作对照液，并可用于深井。
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公开(公告)号：US4442241A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-10
申请号：US392632
申请日：1982-06-28
CPC分类号： C09K8/82 , C09K8/36 , C09K8/502 , E21B21/003
摘要： A shear thickening composition which comprises a water-in-oil emulsion having dispersed in the continuous, oily phase thereof, hydratable, water-expandable hydrophillic clay, said oily phase having dissolved therein a polyamine derivative surfactant and an oil-soluble amine. The aqueous phase will preferably have dissolved therein a polymer, preferably a polyacrylamide, which will flocculate and congeal the clay when same is mixed with water. These compositions are useful as well control fluids and may be used in deep wells.
摘要翻译： 一种剪切增稠组合物，其包含分散在其连续的油相中的油包水乳液，可水合的水可膨胀的亲水性粘土，所述油相中溶解有聚胺衍生物表面活性剂和油溶性胺。 水相优选在其中溶解有聚合物，优选聚丙烯酰胺，当与水混合时，将使粘土絮凝和凝结。 这些组合物也可用作对照液，并可用于深井。
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6.发明授权Method for plugging wellbores with polycarboxylic acid shear thickening composition 失效用聚羧酸剪切增稠组合物堵塞井眼的方法
公开(公告)号：US4542791A
公开(公告)日：1985-09-24
申请号：US672580
申请日：1984-11-16
IPC分类号： C09K8/36 , C09K8/50 , C09K8/502 , C09K8/516 , E21B33/138
摘要： A process for plugging a porous formation in a well bore which comprises pumping a shear-thickening composition into drill pipe in the well under conditions of low shear to the point desired to be plugged at which point the composition is forced through the orifices of a drill bit at the end of the drill pipe and subjected to high shear of at least about 1,000 sec..sup.-1 which forms a paste in the well bore which plugs the porous formation. The shear-thickening composition comprises a water-in-oil emulsion having granular bentonite dispersed in the continuous oily phase, wherein the oily phase has a polyamine derivative surfactant dissolved therein, and the aqueous phase comprises an aqueous solution of a polyacrylamide and a polycarboxylic acid. This process may be used for plugging wells having depths in excess of 8,000 feet.
摘要翻译： 一种在井眼中堵塞多孔地层的方法，其包括将剪切增稠组合物在低剪切的条件下泵送到井中的钻杆中，直到要堵塞的点，在该点将组合物强制通过钻头的孔 钻头在钻杆的端部并且受到至少约1,000秒-1的高剪切，其在井眼中形成粘合多孔结构的浆料。 剪切增稠组合物包含分散在连续油相中的颗粒膨润土的油包水乳液，其中油相具有溶解在其中的多胺衍生物表面活性剂，水相包含聚丙烯酰胺和多元羧酸的水溶液 。 该过程可用于堵塞深度超过8000英尺的井。
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公开(公告)号：US5190797A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-02
申请号：US720042
申请日：1991-06-24
申请人： Warren A. Thaler , Cruise K. Jones , Evelyn N. Drake , Pacifico V. Manalastas , Edward N. Kresge
发明人： Warren A. Thaler , Cruise K. Jones , Evelyn N. Drake , Pacifico V. Manalastas , Edward N. Kresge
CPC分类号： B01J2/28 , B01J2/006 , C05G3/0029
摘要： The present invention relates to a process for the encapsulation of a solid substrate with a neutralized sulfonated polymer, which comprises the steps of: (a) forming a solution of a non-conjugated, diene polymer in a solvent selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, aromatic hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof; (b) contacting the solution of the unsaturated polymer with a sulfonating agent at a sufficient temperature and for a sufficient period of time to form a solution of a sulfonated polymer containing free acid; (c) forming a solution of a base selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides and mixtures thereof in a mixtrue of an aliphatic alcohol and a hydrocarbon, the hydrocarbon being selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof; (d) adding the solution of base to the solution of sulfonated polymer in an amount sufficient to neutralize the polymer and the free acid, thereby forming a coating solution; (e) contacting the solid substrate with the coating solution while removing the solvent therefrom, thereby forming an encapsulated substrate. In a preferred embodiment, the solvent removed during step (e) is recovered and distilled to separate the solvent into at least two fractions, a fraction containing substantially hydrocarbon and an alcohol containing fraction. The separated solvents are then recycled to dissolve the polymer in step (a) and to dissolve the base in step (c).
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用中和的磺化聚合物包封固体基质的方法，其包括以下步骤：（a）在选自脂肪族的溶剂中的溶剂中形成非共轭二烯聚合物的溶液 ，芳族烃及其混合物; （b）在足够的温度下将不饱和聚合物的溶液与磺化剂接触足够的时间以形成含有游离酸的磺化聚合物的溶液; （c）在脂族醇和烃的混合物中形成选自碱金属氢氧化物及其混合物的碱的溶液，所述烃选自脂族和芳族烃及其混合物; （d）将碱溶液以足以中和聚合物和游离酸的量向磺化聚合物溶液中加入，从而形成涂布溶液; （e）将固体基质与涂布溶液接触，同时从其中除去溶剂，由此形成封装的基材。 在优选的实施方案中，回收步骤（e）中除去的溶剂并蒸馏以将溶剂分离成至少两个馏分，基本上含有烃和含醇的馏分。 然后将分离的溶剂再循环以在步骤（a）中溶解聚合物并在步骤（c）中溶解碱。
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公开(公告)号：US5102558A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-07
申请号：US637401
申请日：1991-01-04
CPC分类号： C09K8/92 , C09K8/62 , Y10S507/902 , Y10S507/921 , Y10S507/922 , Y10T428/2987
摘要： An encapsulated breaker chemical composition used in a fracturing process in the protection of an oil or gas stimulation operation which comprises: a breaker chemical; and a pinhole free coating of a neutralized sulfonated elastomeric polymer of about 2 to about 80 microns thick deposited onto the surface of the breaker chemical, wherein said neutralized sulfonated polymer encapsulates the breaker chemical, wherein the neutralized sulfonated polymer is permeable to the breaker chemical and the neutralized sulfonated polymer is non-reactive to the breaker chemical.
摘要翻译： 一种用于压裂过程中用于保护油或气体刺激操作的封装的破碎剂化学组合物，其包括：破碎剂化学品; 以及沉积在破碎剂化学品的表面上的约2至约80微米厚的中和的磺化弹性体聚合物的无针孔涂层，其中所述中和的磺化聚合物封装破碎剂化学品，其中中和的磺化聚合物对破碎剂化学品是可渗透的， 中和的磺化聚合物与破碎剂化学品无反应性。
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公开(公告)号：US4997470A
公开(公告)日：1991-03-05
申请号：US380248
申请日：1989-07-17
IPC分类号： A01N25/10 , C08F8/30 , C08G81/02 , C09D123/32
CPC分类号： C08G81/024 , A01N25/10 , C08F8/44 , C09D123/32 , C08F2800/20
摘要： An encapsulated water soluble fertilizer which comprises a polymeric film of about 2 to about 100 micrometers coated on a surface of said fertilizer, said polymeric film comprising a sulfonated polymer having about 10 to about 200 meq of sulfonate groups per 100 grams of said sulfonated polymer, said sulfonate groups being neutralized with a polycaprolactone polymer being characterized by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl group; R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are a hydrogen or alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl groups; m equals 1 to 20 and n equals 1 to 500.
摘要翻译： 一种包封的水溶性肥料，其包含涂覆在所述肥料表面上的约2至约100微米的聚合物膜，所述聚合物膜包含每100克所述磺化聚合物约10至约200毫克磺酸盐基团的磺化聚合物， 所述磺酸酯基团用聚己内酯聚合物中和，其特征在于下式：其中R 1和R 2是烷基，环烷基或芳基; R3，R4和R5是氢或烷基，环烷基或芳基; m等于1到20，n等于1到500。
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公开(公告)号：US20120302473A1
公开(公告)日：2012-11-29
申请号：US13117580
申请日：2011-05-27
申请人： Evelyn N. Drake , Samuel C. Bainbridge , David A. Blain , James T. Carey , Angela S. Galiano-Roth , L. Oscar Farng , Suzzy C. Ho , David K. Prendergast , Martin N. Webster , Margaret M. Wu
发明人： Evelyn N. Drake , Samuel C. Bainbridge , David A. Blain , James T. Carey , Angela S. Galiano-Roth , L. Oscar Farng , Suzzy C. Ho , David K. Prendergast , Martin N. Webster , Margaret M. Wu
IPC分类号： C10M129/72 , C10M133/38 , C10M137/04 , C10M129/68
CPC分类号： C10M111/02 , C10M111/04 , C10M169/04 , C10M171/02 , C10M171/06 , C10M177/00 , C10M2203/1025 , C10M2205/0285 , C10M2205/173 , C10M2207/28 , C10M2207/2805 , C10M2207/282 , C10M2207/2825 , C10M2207/30 , C10M2207/301 , C10N2220/082 , C10N2230/02 , C10N2230/58 , C10N2250/02 , C10N2220/022
摘要： This invention is directed to a lubricant composition that is comprised of a continuous phase and a discontinuous phase, i.e., a two phase lubricant composition. The continuous phase and the discontinuous phase of the lubricant of this invention are oil or oil type compositions that are essentially insoluble in one another. The lubricant composition is comprised of a continuous phase base oil that is comprised of a low viscosity Group II, III, IV or GTL base stock or a blend of at least two of the Group II, III, IV and GTL base stocks, optionally including a low viscosity Group V base stock, with the continuous phase base oil having, independently, a viscosity of from 1 to 100 cSt at 100° C. The lubricant composition is further comprised of a discontinuous phase that is comprised of an ester composition having a mean average droplet size of from 0.01 microns to 20 microns, in which the ester composition is comprised of an ester compound having no ether linkages.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及由连续相和不连续相组成的润滑剂组合物，即两相润滑剂组合物。 本发明的润滑剂的连续相和不连续相是基本上彼此不溶的油或油型组合物。 润滑剂组合物由连续相基础油组成，其由低粘度II，III，IV或GTL基础油料组合或至少两种II，III，IV和GTL基础油料的混合物组成，任选地包括 低粘度的V族原料，连续相基油在100℃下独立地具有1至100cSt的粘度。润滑剂组合物还包含不连续相，其包含酯组合物，其具有 平均液滴尺寸为0.01微米至20微米，其中酯组合物由不具有醚键的酯化合物组成。
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