公开(公告)号：US20070206263A1

公开(公告)日：2007-09-06

申请号：US11682121

申请日：2007-03-05

申请人： George A. Neuman ,  Henry A. Luten ,  John S. Anderson ,  Jeffrey A. Forgette ,  Scott W. Vander Zwaag

发明人： George A. Neuman ,  Henry A. Luten ,  John S. Anderson ,  Jeffrey A. Forgette ,  Scott W. Vander Zwaag

IPC分类号： G02F1/153

CPC分类号： G02F1/155 ,  B60R1/088 ,  E06B9/24 ,  G02F1/13439 ,  G02F1/136204 ,  G02F1/153 ,  G02F1/157 ,  G02F1/161 ,  G02F1/163 ,  G02F2201/48

摘要： An electrochromic element comprises a first substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, a second substrate in spaced-apart relationship to the first substrate and having a third surface facing the second surface and a fourth surface opposite the third surface, and an electrochromic medium located between the first and second substrates, wherein the electrochromic medium has a light transmittance that is variable upon application of an electric field thereto. The electrochromic element further comprises a transparent electrode layer covering at least a portion of at least a select one of the first surface, the second surface, the third surface, and the fourth surface, wherein the transparent electrode layer comprises an insulator/metal/insulator stack. The materials utilized to construct the insulator/metal/insulator stack are selected to optimize optical and physical properties of the electrochromic element such as reflectivity, color, electrical switch stability, and environmental durability.

摘要翻译： 电致变色元件包括具有第一表面和与第一表面相对的第二表面的第一基底，与第一基底隔开关系并具有面向第二表面的第三表面和与第三表面相对的第四表面的第二基底， 以及位于第一和第二基板之间的电致变色介质，其中电致变色介质具有在施加电场时可变的透光率。 电致变色元件还包括覆盖第一表面，第二表面，第三表面和第四表面中的至少一个的至少一部分的透明电极层，其中透明电极层包括绝缘体/金属/绝缘体 堆栈 选择用于构建绝缘体/金属/绝缘体堆叠的材料以优化电致变色元件的光学和物理性质，例如反射率，颜色，电开关稳定性和环境耐久性。

公开(公告)号：US07830583B2

公开(公告)日：2010-11-09

申请号：US11682121

申请日：2007-03-05

申请人： George A. Neuman ,  Henry A. Luten ,  John S. Anderson ,  Jeffrey A. Forgette ,  Scott W. Vander Zwaag

发明人： George A. Neuman ,  Henry A. Luten ,  John S. Anderson ,  Jeffrey A. Forgette ,  Scott W. Vander Zwaag

IPC分类号： G02F1/15 ,  G02F1/155 ,  G02F1/153

CPC分类号： G02F1/155 ,  B60R1/088 ,  E06B9/24 ,  G02F1/13439 ,  G02F1/136204 ,  G02F1/153 ,  G02F1/157 ,  G02F1/161 ,  G02F1/163 ,  G02F2201/48

摘要： An electrochromic element comprises a first substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, a second substrate in spaced-apart relationship to the first substrate and having a third surface facing the second surface and a fourth surface opposite the third surface, and an electrochromic medium located between the first and second substrates, wherein the electrochromic medium has a light transmittance that is variable upon application of an electric field thereto. The electrochromic element further comprises a transparent electrode layer covering at least a portion of at least a select one of the first surface, the second surface, the third surface, and the fourth surface, wherein the transparent electrode layer comprises an insulator/metal/insulator stack. The materials utilized to construct the insulator/metal/insulator stack are selected to optimize optical and physical properties of the electrochromic element such as reflectivity, color, electrical switch stability, and environmental durability.

摘要翻译： 电致变色元件包括具有第一表面和与第一表面相对的第二表面的第一基底，与第一基底隔开关系并具有面向第二表面的第三表面和与第三表面相对的第四表面的第二基底， 以及位于第一和第二基板之间的电致变色介质，其中电致变色介质具有在施加电场时可变的透光率。 电致变色元件还包括覆盖第一表面，第二表面，第三表面和第四表面中的至少一个的至少一部分的透明电极层，其中透明电极层包括绝缘体/金属/绝缘体 堆栈 选择用于构建绝缘体/金属/绝缘体堆叠的材料以优化电致变色元件的光学和物理性质，例如反射率，颜色，电开关稳定性和环境耐久性。

公开(公告)号：US6166848A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-26

申请号：US206788

申请日：1998-12-07

申请人： David J. Cammenga ,  William L. Tonar ,  Scott W. Vander Zwaag ,  John K. Roberts ,  Frederick T. Bauer ,  Jeffrey A. Forgette ,  Harlan J. Byker

发明人： David J. Cammenga ,  William L. Tonar ,  Scott W. Vander Zwaag ,  John K. Roberts ,  Frederick T. Bauer ,  Jeffrey A. Forgette ,  Harlan J. Byker

IPC分类号： B60Q1/26 ,  B60R1/08 ,  B60R1/12 ,  G02F1/15 ,  G02F1/153 ,  G02F1/155 ,  G02F1/157 ,  H01L51/52

CPC分类号： B60Q1/2665 ,  B60R1/088 ,  B60R1/1207 ,  B60R2001/1215 ,  B60R2001/1223 ,  G02F1/1506 ,  G02F1/1533 ,  G02F1/155 ,  G02F1/157 ,  G02F2001/1502 ,  G02F2001/1512 ,  G02F2201/34 ,  G02F2203/02 ,  H01L51/529

摘要： An electrochromic mirror is disclosed for use in a vehicle rearview mirror assembly having a light source positioned behind the electrochromic mirror for selectively projecting light through the mirror. The electrochromic mirror includes front and rear spaced elements each having front and rear surfaces and being sealably bonded together in a spaced-apart relationship to define a chamber, a layer of transparent conductive material disposed on the rear surface of the front element, at least one solution-phase electrochromic material contained within the chamber, and a second electrode overlying the front surface of the rear element in contact with the electrochromic material. The second electrode includes a layer of reflective material and a coating of electrically conductive material that is at least partially transmissive and is disposed over substantially all of the front surface of the rear element. The second electrode further includes a region in front of the light source that is at least partially transmissive. The electrically conductive coating may include a single transparent layer or a plurality of partially reflective and transmissive layers, or an electrically conductive dichroic coating. The light source may be an information display, such as a compass/temperature display as used in an inside rearview mirror, or may be a signal light as used in an outside rearview mirror.

公开(公告)号：US5825527A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-20

申请号：US831808

申请日：1997-04-02

申请人： Jeffrey A. Forgette ,  Scott W. Vander Zwaag

发明人： Jeffrey A. Forgette ,  Scott W. Vander Zwaag

IPC分类号： B60Q1/26 ,  B60R1/08 ,  B60R1/12 ,  G02F1/153 ,  H01L51/52

CPC分类号： B60Q1/2665 ,  B60R1/088 ,  B60R1/1207 ,  G02F1/1533 ,  B60R2001/1215 ,  B60R2001/1223 ,  H01L51/529

摘要： An improved electrochromic rearview mirror for motor vehicles, the mirror incorporating an information display area by removing a portion of a reflective and conductive layer on the inside (third) surface of the back glass element of a dimming portion of the rearview mirror and aligning a display device with this information display area. The portion removed is laser ablated to leave lines devoid of reflective material separated by lines of the reflective material. The remaining lines of reflective material are in electrical contact with the remaining reflective and conductive layer on the third surface. The reflective layer forms an integral electrode in contact with the electrochromic media, and may be a single layer of a highly reflective material or may comprise a series of coatings where the outer coating is a highly reflecting material. The other electrode on the inside (second) surface of the front glass is a transparent electrode which also contacts the electrochromic media inside the mirror element.

摘要翻译： 一种用于机动车辆的改进的电致变色后视镜，该反射镜通过在后视镜的调光部分的后玻璃元件的内侧（第三）表面上移除反射和导电层的一部分并入一个信息显示区域， 设备与此信息显示区域。 去除的部分被激光烧蚀以留下没有由反射材料线分开的反射材料的管线。 剩余的反射材料线与第三表面上剩余的反射和导电层电接触。 反射层形成与电致变色介质接触的整体电极，并且可以是高反射材料的单层，或者可以包括一系列涂层，其中外涂层是高反射材料。 前玻璃的内侧（第二）表面上的另一个电极是透明电极，其也与镜元件内的电致变色介质接触。

公开(公告)号：US6111683A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-29

申请号：US175984

申请日：1998-10-20

申请人： David J. Cammenga ,  Jeffrey A. Forgette ,  Scott W. Vander Zwaag

发明人： David J. Cammenga ,  Jeffrey A. Forgette ,  Scott W. Vander Zwaag

IPC分类号： B60Q1/26 ,  B60R1/08 ,  B60R1/12 ,  G02F1/153 ,  H01L51/52

CPC分类号： B60R1/088 ,  B60Q1/2665 ,  B60R1/1207 ,  G02F1/1533 ,  B60R2001/1215 ,  B60R2001/1223 ,  H01L51/529

摘要： An improved electrochromic rearview mirror assembly for motor vehicles is disclosed that includes a signal light mounted behind the electrochromic mirror. The electrochromic mirror has a signal light area formed in its reflective coating by removing a portion of the reflective coating and aligning the signal light with this signal light area. The portion removed is laser ablated to leave lines devoid of reflective material separated by lines of the reflective material. The signal light area may be formed in the reflective coating of the electrochromic mirror regardless of whether the reflective coating is applied to the rear or front surface of the rear element of the electrochromic mirror. If the reflective coating is applied to the front surface of the rear element (i.e., the third surface), the reflective material used is also electrically conductive so as to function as one of the electrodes for the electrochromic mirror. In this case, the remaining lines of reflective material in the signal light area are in electrical contact with the remaining reflective and conductive layer on the third surface. The reflective layer forms an integral electrode in contact with the electrochromic media, and may be a single layer of a highly reflective material or may comprise a series of coatings where the outer coating is a highly reflecting material.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于机动车辆的改进的电致变色后视镜组件，其包括安装在电致变色镜后面的信号灯。 电致变色镜具有通过去除反射涂层的一部分并使信号光与该信号光区域对准而在其反射涂层中形成的信号光区域。 去除的部分被激光烧蚀以留下没有由反射材料线分开的反射材料的管线。 信号光区域可以形成在电致变色镜的反射涂层中，而不管反射涂层是施加到电致变色镜的后部元件的后表面还是前表面。 如果将反射涂层施加到后部元件（即，第三表面）的前表面，则所使用的反射材料也是导电的，以便用作电致变色镜的电极之一。 在这种情况下，信号光区域中反射材料的剩余线与第三表面上剩余的反射和导电层电接触。 反射层形成与电致变色介质接触的整体电极，并且可以是高反射材料的单层，或者可以包括一系列涂层，其中外涂层是高反射材料。

公开(公告)号：US6045643A

公开(公告)日：2000-04-04

申请号：US12957

申请日：1998-01-26

申请人： Harlan J. Byker ,  David J. Cammenga ,  David L. Poll ,  Scott W. Vander Zwaag

发明人： Harlan J. Byker ,  David J. Cammenga ,  David L. Poll ,  Scott W. Vander Zwaag

IPC分类号： G02F1/133 ,  G02F1/153 ,  G02F1/163 ,  B32B17/00

CPC分类号： G02F1/1533 ,  G02F1/13318 ,  G02F1/163

摘要： An electro-optic window is provided which is powered solely by at least one discrete photovoltaic cell within an electro-optic window. The electro-optic window has front and back spaced-apart glass elements sealably bonded together in a spaced-apart relationship and defining a chamber filled with an electro-optic material. The front glass element has a transparent conductive layer on the face of the front glass element confronting the rear glass element and the rear glass element has a transparent conductive layer on the face confronting the front glass element. The seal is generally disposed along the perimeter of three edges of both glass elements and some distance in from the remaining (fourth) edge. The photovoltaic assembly is electrically connected to the two transparent conductive layers and is placed on the outer perimeter along this fourth edge with the photon-absorbing side of all the photovoltaic cells within the photovoltaic assembly facing in one direction ("out" the window). When light impinges on the photovoltaic cell a current is created which darkens the electro-optic material in proportion to the amount of impinging light. By choosing the relative area of the photovoltaic assembly to produce the correct current for the electro-optically active window area, the darkening of the electro-optic portion can be directly and accurately controlled without the need for any circuit, wires or shorting resistors.In addition, an apparatus for making an electro-optic window having two members capable of securing and holding two glass elements in a spaced-apart and parallel relationship is provided. The glass elements may be secured by vacuum-applying members or simple clips. The glass elements may be held in a spaced-apart and parallel relationship by a hydraulic mechanism or by simple spacers placed between the securing members.

摘要翻译： 提供电光窗，其仅由电光窗内的至少一个分立的光伏电池供电。 电光窗具有以间隔开的关系密封地结合在一起的前部和后部间隔开的玻璃元件，并且限定了充满电光材料的室。 前玻璃元件在与前玻璃元件相对的前玻璃元件的表面上具有透明导电层，后玻璃元件在与前玻璃元件相对的面上具有透明导电层。 密封件通常沿着两个玻璃元件的三个边缘的周边设置，并且与剩余的（第四）边缘距离一定距离。 光伏组件电连接到两个透明导电层，并且沿着第四边缘放置在外周边上，光伏组件内的所有光伏电池的光子吸收侧面向一个方向（“向外”）。 当光照射在光伏电池上时，产生电流，使电光材料与入射光的量成比例地变暗。 通过选择光电组件的相对面积以产生用于电光窗口区域的正确电流，可以直接和精确地控制电光部分的变暗，而不需要任何电路，导线或短路电阻器。 此外，提供了一种用于制造具有两个能够以间隔和平行关系固定和保持两个玻璃元件的构件的电光窗的装置。 玻璃元件可以通过真空施加构件或简单的夹子来固定。 玻璃元件可以通过液压机构或通过固定构件之间的简单间隔件保持间隔开和平行的关系。

公开(公告)号：US06433913B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-13

申请号：US09471075

申请日：1999-12-22

申请人： Frederick T. Bauer ,  Harlan J. Byker ,  David J. Cammenga ,  Thomas F. Guarr ,  David L. Poll ,  William L. Tonar ,  Scott W. Vander Zwaag

发明人： Frederick T. Bauer ,  Harlan J. Byker ,  David J. Cammenga ,  Thomas F. Guarr ,  David L. Poll ,  William L. Tonar ,  Scott W. Vander Zwaag

IPC分类号： G02F115

CPC分类号： G02C7/101 ,  G02F1/13318 ,  G02F1/1533 ,  G02F1/163

摘要： Improved electro-optic devices are provided which may be in the configuration of variable transmittance windows, variable transmittance eyeglasses, variable transmittance light filters and displays and other devices wherein the transmittance of light therethrough automatically varies as a function of light impinging thereon. The electro-optic devices include a self-erasing electro-optic medium, and the transmittance of light through such medium varies as a function of electrical signals applied thereto through the agency of at least one photovoltaic cell, enclosed within the electro-optic device, and obviating the necessity of providing external drive voltage or external bleeder resistors or external wiring. In addition, a method and apparatus are provided for making such electro-optic devices.

摘要翻译： 提供了改进的电光器件，其可以是可变透光窗，可变透镜眼镜，可变透光性滤光器和显示器以及其他光的透射率的结构，其中光的透射率随着照射在其上的光的功能而自动变化。 电光器件包括自擦除电光介质，并且通过这种介质的光的透射率随着被封装在电光器件内的至少一个光伏电池的代理而施加于其上的电信号的函数而变化， 并且避免提供外部驱动电压或外部泄放电阻器或外部布线的必要性。 此外，提供了一种用于制造这种电光装置的方法和装置。