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公开(公告)号：US06471886B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-29
申请号：US09698504
申请日：2000-10-27
IPC分类号： B01J2020
CPC分类号： B01J20/2805 , B01J20/0244 , B01J20/06 , B01J20/20 , B01J20/28 , B01J20/28004 , B01J2220/42
摘要： Thionyl chloride is a hazardous and reactive chemical used as the liquid cathode in commercial primary batteries. Contrary to previous thinking, ASZM-TEDA® carbon (Calgon Corporation) reversibly absorbs thionyl chloride. Thus, several candidate materials were examined as irreversible getters for thionyl chloride. The capacity, rate and effect of temperature were also explored. A wide variety of likely materials were investigated through screening experiments focusing on the degree of heat generated by the reaction as well as the material absorption capacity and irreversibility, in order to help narrow the group of possible getter choices. More thorough, quantitative measurements were performed on promising materials. The best performing getter was a mixture of ZnO and ASZM-TEDA® carbon. In this example, the ZnO reacts with thionyl chloride to form ZnCl2 and SO2. The SO2 is then irreversibly gettered by ASZM-TEDA® carbon. This combination of ZnO and carbon has a high capacity, is irreversible and functions effectively above −20° C.
摘要翻译： 亚硫酰氯是用作商业一次电池中的液体阴极的危险和反应性化学品。 与以前的想法相反，ASZM-TEDA碳（Calgon Corporation）可逆地吸收亚硫酰氯。 因此，将几种候选材料作为亚硫酰氯的不可逆吸收剂进行检查。 还探讨了温度的容量，速率和影响。 通过关注反应产生的热度以及材料吸收能力和不可逆性的筛选实验来研究各种可能的材料，以帮助缩小一组可能的吸气剂选择。 对有希望的材料进行更全面的定量测量。 性能最好的吸气剂是ZnO和ASZM-TEDA碳的混合物。 在该实施例中，ZnO与亚硫酰氯反应形成ZnCl 2和SO 2。 然后SO 2不可逆转地被ASZM-TEDA碳吸收。 这种ZnO和碳的组合具有高容量，是不可逆的，并且在-20℃以上有效地起作用。
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公开(公告)号：US08736000B1
公开(公告)日：2014-05-27
申请号：US11583442
申请日：2006-10-19
IPC分类号： H01L29/78
CPC分类号： G01N27/221
摘要： A microfabricated capacitive chemical sensor can be used as an autonomous chemical sensor or as an analyte-sensitive chemical preconcentrator in a larger microanalytical system. The capacitive chemical sensor detects changes in sensing film dielectric properties, such as the dielectric constant, conductivity, or dimensionality. These changes result from the interaction of a target analyte with the sensing film. This capability provides a low-power, self-heating chemical sensor suitable for remote and unattended sensing applications. The capacitive chemical sensor also enables a smart, analyte-sensitive chemical preconcentrator. After sorption of the sample by the sensing film, the film can be rapidly heated to release the sample for further analysis. Therefore, the capacitive chemical sensor can optimize the sample collection time prior to release to enable the rapid and accurate analysis of analytes by a microanalytical system.
摘要翻译： 微型电容化学传感器可用作较大的微量分析系统中的自主化学传感器或分析物敏感的化学预浓缩器。 电容化学传感器检测传感膜介电性能的变化，例如介电常数，电导率或维度。 这些变化是由目标分析物与传感膜的相互作用所致。 该功能提供了一种适用于远程和无人值守感应应用的低功率自加热化学传感器。 电容化学传感器还可以实现智能的分析物敏感化学预浓缩器。 在通过感测膜吸附样品后，可以快速加热膜以释放样品用于进一步分析。 因此，电容化学传感器可以在释放之前优化采样时间，以便通过微量分析系统快速准确地分析分析物。
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公开(公告)号：US07955945B1
公开(公告)日：2011-06-07
申请号：US12892055
申请日：2010-09-28
IPC分类号： H01L21/20
摘要： A process for making a dielectric material where a precursor polymer selected from poly(phenylene vinylene) polyacetylene, poly(p-phenylene), poly(thienylene vinylene), poly(1,4-naphthylene vinylene), and poly(p-pyridine vinylene) is energized said by exposure by radiation or increase in temperature to a level sufficient to eliminate said leaving groups contained within the precursor polymer, thereby transforming the dielectric material into a conductive polymer. The leaving group in the precursor polymer can be a chloride, a bromide, an iodide, a fluoride, an ester, an xanthate, a nitrile, an amine, a nitro group, a carbonate, a dithiocarbamate, a sulfonium group, an oxonium group, an iodonium group, a pyridinium group, an ammonium group, a borate group, a borane group, a sulphinyl group, or a sulfonyl group.
摘要翻译： 一种制备介电材料的方法，其中前体聚合物选自聚（亚苯基亚乙烯基）聚乙炔，聚（对亚苯基），聚（亚苯基亚乙烯基），聚（1,4-亚萘基亚乙烯基）和聚（对 - 吡啶亚乙烯基） ）通过辐射曝光或者将温度升高到足以消除前体聚合物中包含的所述离去基团的水平，从而将电介质材料转化为导电聚合物而被激发。 前体聚合物中的离去基团可以是氯化物，溴化物，碘化物，氟化物，酯，黄原酸酯，腈，胺，硝基，碳酸酯，二硫代氨基甲酸酯，锍基，氧鎓基 ，碘鎓基，吡啶鎓基，铵基，硼酸酯基，硼烷基，亚磺酰基或磺酰基。
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公开(公告)号：US07351837B1
公开(公告)日：2008-04-01
申请号：US11387542
申请日：2006-03-22
申请人： James R. McElhanon , Gregory M. Jamison , Timothy M. Long , Douglas A. Loy , Kamyar Rahimian , Blake A. Simmons , Chad L. Staiger , David R. Wheeler , Thomas Zifer
发明人： James R. McElhanon , Gregory M. Jamison , Timothy M. Long , Douglas A. Loy , Kamyar Rahimian , Blake A. Simmons , Chad L. Staiger , David R. Wheeler , Thomas Zifer
IPC分类号： C07D491/18
CPC分类号： C07D491/18
摘要： The present invention describes surfactants of formula (I), wherein R, RN, and m are defined herein, processes for their preparation, and methods for their decomposition.
摘要翻译： 本发明描述了式（I）的表面活性剂，其中R，R N和m如本文所定义，其制备方法及其分解方法。
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公开(公告)号：US09157161B1
公开(公告)日：2015-10-13
申请号：US13183099
申请日：2011-07-14
申请人： Susan M. Brozik , Jason C. Harper , Ronen Polsky , David R. Wheeler , Dulce C. Arango , Shawn M. Dirk
发明人： Susan M. Brozik , Jason C. Harper , Ronen Polsky , David R. Wheeler , Dulce C. Arango , Shawn M. Dirk
摘要： A thin film with multiple binding functionality can be prepared on an electrode surface via consecutive electroreduction of two or more aryl-onium salts with different functional groups. This versatile and simple method for forming multifunctional surfaces provides an effective means for immobilization of diverse molecules at close proximities. The multifunctional thin film has applications in bioelectronics, molecular electronics, clinical diagnostics, and chemical and biological sensing.
摘要翻译： 具有多个结合官能团的薄膜可以通过两种或更多种具有不同官能团的芳基鎓盐的电还原来在电极表面上制备。 用于形成多功能表面的这种多功能和简单的方法提供了在近距离固定不同分子的有效手段。 多功能薄膜在生物电子学，分子电子学，临床诊断学，化学和生物学方面具有应用前景。
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公开(公告)号：US08349547B1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-08
申请号：US12874971
申请日：2010-09-02
IPC分类号： G03F7/26
CPC分类号： G03F7/0015 , G03F7/091 , H01M4/0471 , H01M4/583 , H01M4/8817 , H01M4/8825 , H01M4/9083 , H01M4/926
摘要： A lithographic method is used to fabricate porous carbon structures that can provide electrochemical electrodes having high surface area with uniform and controllable dimensions, providing enormous flexibility to tailor the electrodes toward specific applications. Metal nanoparticles deposited on the surface of the porous carbon electrodes exhibit ultra small dimensions with uniform size distribution. The resulting electrodes are rugged, electrically conductive and show excellent electrochemical behavior.
摘要翻译： 使用平版印刷方法制造多孔碳结构，其可以提供具有均匀和可控尺寸的高表面积的电化学电极，提供巨大的灵活性以将电极调整到特定应用。 沉积在多孔碳电极表面上的金属纳米颗粒具有尺寸分布均匀的超小尺寸。 所得电极坚固，导电并显示出优异的电化学行为。
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7.发明授权Electrochemical assembly of organic molecules by the reduction of iodonium salts 有权通过还原碘鎓盐来电化学组装有机分子公开(公告)号：US07550071B1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-23
申请号：US11065894
申请日：2005-02-25
CPC分类号： C25D9/02 , C23C18/1896
摘要： Methods are described for the electrochemical assembly of organic molecules on silicon, or other conducting or semiconducting substrates, using iodonium salt precursors. Iodonium molecules do not assemble on conducting surfaces without a negative bias. Accordingly, the iodonium salts are preferred for patterning applications that rely on direct writing with negative bias. The stability of the iodonium molecule to acidic conditions allows them to be used with standard silicon processing. As a directed assembly process, the use of iodonium salts provides for small features while maintaining the ability to work on a surface and create structures on a wafer level. Therefore, the process is amenable for mass production. Furthermore, the assembled monolayer (or multilayer) is chemically robust, allowing for subsequent chemical manipulations and the introduction of various molecular functionalities for various chemical and biological applications.
摘要翻译： 描述了使用碘鎓盐前体在硅或其它导电或半导体衬底上电化学组装有机分子的方法。 碘分子不会在没有负偏压的导电表面上组装。 因此，碘鎓盐优选用于依赖于负偏压的直接写入的图案化应用。 碘分子在酸性条件下的稳定性允许它们与标准硅处理一起使用。 作为定向组装方法，碘鎓盐的使用提供小特征，同时保持在表面上工作的能力并在晶片级上产生结构。 因此，该方法适合批量生产。 此外，组装的单层（或多层）是化学稳健的，允许随后的化学操作和引入用于各种化学和生物应用的各种分子功能。
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公开(公告)号：US07022861B1
公开(公告)日：2006-04-04
申请号：US10866475
申请日：2004-06-10
申请人： James R. McElhanon , Blake A. Simmons , Thomas Zifer , Gregory M. Jamison , Douglas A. Loy , Kamyar Rahimian , Timothy M. Long , David R. Wheeler , Chad L. Staiger
发明人： James R. McElhanon , Blake A. Simmons , Thomas Zifer , Gregory M. Jamison , Douglas A. Loy , Kamyar Rahimian , Timothy M. Long , David R. Wheeler , Chad L. Staiger
CPC分类号： C07D491/18
摘要： Two new surfactant molecules are reported which contain thermally labile Diels-Alder adducts connecting the polar and non-polar sections of each molecule. The two surfactants possess identical non-polar dodecyl tail segments but exhibit different polar headgroups. The surfactants become soluble in water when anionic salts are formed through the deprotonation of the surfactant headgroups by the addition of potassium hydroxide. When either surfactant is exposed to temperature above about 60° C., the retro Diels-Alder reaction occurs, yielding hydrophilic and hydrophobic fragments and the aqueous solutions of the surfactants subsequently exhibit loss of all surface-active behavior.
摘要翻译： 报道了两种新的表面活性剂分子，其中包含连接每个分子的极性和非极性部分的热不稳定的狄尔斯 - 阿尔德加合物。 两种表面活性剂具有相同的非极性十二烷基尾段，但表现出不同的极性头基。 当通过加入氢氧化钾通过表面活性剂头基的去质子化形成阴离子盐时，表面活性剂变得可溶于水。 当任何表面活性剂暴露于高于约60℃的温度时，发生复古Diels-Alder反应，产生亲水和疏水性片段，并且表面活性剂的水溶液随后表现出所有表面活性行为的损失。
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公开(公告)号：US06271335B1
公开(公告)日：2001-08-07
申请号：US09484838
申请日：2000-01-18
IPC分类号： C08G7300
CPC分类号： C08G73/00 , C08F283/00 , C08G61/12
摘要： A method of making a thermally-removable encapsulant by heating a mixture of at least one bis(maleimide) compound and at least one monomeric tris(furan) or tetrakis(furan) compound at temperatures from above room temperature to less than approximately 90° C. to form a gel and cooling the gel to form the thermally-removable encapsulant. The encapsulant can be easily removed within approximately an hour by heating to temperatures greater than approximately 90° C., preferably in a polar solvent. The encapsulant can be used in protecting electronic components that may require subsequent removal of the encapsulant for component repair, modification or quality control.
摘要翻译： 一种通过在室温至小于约90℃的温度下加热至少一种双（马来酰亚胺）化合物和至少一种单体三（呋喃）或四（呋喃）化合物的混合物来制造热可去除的密封剂的方法 形成凝胶并冷却凝胶以形成热可去除的密封剂。 通过加热到大于约90℃的温度，优选在极性溶剂中，可以在约1小时内容易地除去密封剂。 密封剂可以用于保护电子部件，其可能需要随后去除密封剂用于部件修复，修改或质量控制。
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5487967A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-30
申请号：US390733
申请日：1995-02-17
IPC分类号： G03F7/075 , G03F7/09 , G03F7/26 , G03F7/38 , H01L21/027
CPC分类号： G03F7/094 , G03F7/0754 , G03F7/265 , Y10S430/168 , Y10S438/948
摘要： A surface-imaging technique for lithographic processes is disclosed. The lithographic processes are used to manufacture integrated circuit devices. An image is produced on a resist that is applied onto a substrate. The image is produced by exposing selected regions of the resist material to radiation. The selected exposed regions correspond to the image. The resist is then exposed to a silylating reagent that selectively reacts with either the exposed or the unexposed region of the resist. The silylating reagent is combined with a cross-linking reagent. The silylated resist is then subjected to reactive ion etching, which forms an in situ silicon oxide etch mask over the silylated regions of the resist. The mask so formed provides etching selectivity which provides precise image transfer from the resist into the substrate.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于光刻工艺的表面成像技术。 光刻工艺用于制造集成电路器件。 在施加到基板上的抗蚀剂上产生图像。 通过将抗蚀剂材料的选定区域暴露于辐射来产生图像。 所选择的曝光区域对应于图像。 然后将抗蚀剂暴露于选择性地与抗蚀剂的暴露区域或未曝光区域反应的甲硅烷基化试剂。 甲硅烷基化试剂与交联剂组合。 然后将甲硅烷基化抗蚀剂进行反应离子蚀刻，其在抗蚀剂的甲硅烷基化区域上形成原位氧化硅蚀刻掩模。 如此形成的掩模提供蚀刻选择性，其提供从抗蚀剂到基底的精确图像转移。
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