公开(公告)号：US06201588B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-13

申请号：US09035350

申请日：1998-03-05

申请人： Harry Garth Walton ,  Edward Peter Raynes

发明人： Harry Garth Walton ,  Edward Peter Raynes

IPC分类号： G02F11337

CPC分类号： G02F1/133711 ,  G02F1/133788 ,  G02F2001/133726 ,  G02F2001/133746

摘要： An optical element includes a liquid crystal layer; and at least one alignment layer in contact with the liquid crystal layer, the at least one alignment layer being formed from a mixture including a first reactive mesogen and a second reactive mesogen. Each of the first and second reactive mesogens have at least one polymerizable functional group, and a number of polymerizable functional groups of the second reactive mesogen is smaller than that of the first reactive mesogen. A ratio of the second reactive mesogen to the first reactive mesogen in the mixture is determined so as to provide a predetermined pretilt angle with liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer.

摘要翻译： 光学元件包括液晶层; 以及与所述液晶层接触的至少一个取向层，所述至少一个取向层由包括第一反应性液晶元和第二反应性液晶元的混合物形成。 第一和第二反应性介晶中的每一个具有至少一个可聚合官能团，并且第二反应性介晶的可聚合官能团的数量小于第一反应性液晶的可聚合官能团。 确定混合物中的第二反应性液晶元与第一反应性液晶元的比例，以便与液晶层中的液晶分子提供预定的预倾角。

公开(公告)号：US06215533B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-10

申请号：US08854559

申请日：1997-05-12

申请人： Mitsuhiro Shigeta ,  Jonathan Rennie Hughes ,  Paul Bonnett ,  Edward Peter Raynes ,  Akira Tagawa ,  Michael John Towler ,  Harry Garth Walton ,  David Scattergood

发明人： Mitsuhiro Shigeta ,  Jonathan Rennie Hughes ,  Paul Bonnett ,  Edward Peter Raynes ,  Akira Tagawa ,  Michael John Towler ,  Harry Garth Walton ,  David Scattergood

IPC分类号： G02F1141

CPC分类号： G09G3/3696 ,  G09G3/3629 ,  G09G3/3692 ,  G09G2310/06 ,  G09G2310/066 ,  G09G2320/041 ,  G09G2330/021

摘要： A ferroelectric liquid crystal device includes a layer of ferroelectric liquid crystal material contained between a pair of substrates, a first plurality of electrodes and a second plurality of electrodes defining a plurality of addressable liquid crystal pixels. A driving arrangement is provided for applying a first signal (Strobe) in succession to the first plurality of electrodes and for applying a plurality of second signals (Data) simultaneously to the second plurality of electrodes. The plurality of second signals are arranged to include non-rectangular wave signals which have a lower harmonic content than a rectangular wave. Non-uniform heating of the device as a result of the application of the second signals (Data) is reduced with consequent improvement in device performance.

摘要翻译： 铁电液晶器件包括一对基板之间的铁电液晶材料层，第一多个电极和限定多个可寻址液晶像素的第二多个电极。 提供驱动装置，用于连续地对第一多个电极施加第一信号（频闪），并且同时向多个第二电极施加多个第二信号（Data）。 多个第二信号被布置成包括具有比矩形波低的谐波含量的非矩形波信号。 作为施加第二信号（Data）的结果，装置的不均匀加热减少，从而提高了器件性能。

公开(公告)号：US5917562A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-29

申请号：US573155

申请日：1995-12-15

申请人： Graham John Woodgate ,  Jonathan Harrold ,  David Ezra ,  Basil Arthur Omar ,  Edward Peter Raynes

发明人： Graham John Woodgate ,  Jonathan Harrold ,  David Ezra ,  Basil Arthur Omar ,  Edward Peter Raynes

IPC分类号： G02F1/13 ,  G02B27/26 ,  G02F1/1335 ,  G02F1/13357 ,  G02F1/13363 ,  H04N13/00 ,  G02F1/136 ,  G02B27/22

CPC分类号： H04N13/0409 ,  G02B27/26 ,  G02F1/133528 ,  H04N13/0418 ,  H04N13/0434 ,  H04N13/0477 ,  H04N13/0479 ,  H04N13/0481 ,  H04N13/0497 ,  G02F1/13362 ,  G02F2001/133565 ,  G02F2001/133638 ,  G02F2413/09 ,  H04N13/0285 ,  H04N13/0404 ,  H04N13/0422 ,  H04N13/0438 ,  H04N13/0443 ,  H04N13/0445 ,  H04N13/0456

摘要： An autostereoscopic display of the invention includes: an illumination source for producing light of a first polarization and light of a second polarization different from the first polarization; a spatial light modulator for modulating the light of the first polarization and the light of the second polarization from the illumination source; and an optical system for directing the light of the first polarization to a first viewing region and the light of the second polarization to a second viewing region, wherein the spatial light modulator includes: a first polarization adjusting member for transmitting the light of the first polarization and substantially preventing transmission of the light of the second polarization; a second polarization adjusting member for transmitting the light of the second polarization and substantially preventing transmission of the light of the first polarization; and first and second groups of picture elements optically aligned with the first and second polarization adjusting member, respectively.

摘要翻译： 本发明的自动立体显示器包括：用于产生第一偏振光的照明源和不同于第一偏振的第二偏振光; 空间光调制器，用于调制来自照明源的第一偏振光和第二偏振光; 以及用于将第一偏振光引导到第一观察区域并将第二偏振光引导到第二观察区域的光学系统，其中所述空间光调制器包括：第一偏振调节构件，用于透射第一偏振光 并且基本上防止第二偏振光的透射; 第二偏振调节构件，用于透射第二偏振光并且基本上防止第一偏振光的透射; 以及分别与第一和第二偏振调节构件光学对准的第一和第二组像素。

公开(公告)号：US5905482A

公开(公告)日：1999-05-18

申请号：US722062

申请日：1996-10-29

申请人： Jonathan Rennie Hughes ,  Alastair Graham ,  Michael John Towler ,  Edward Peter Raynes

发明人： Jonathan Rennie Hughes ,  Alastair Graham ,  Michael John Towler ,  Edward Peter Raynes

IPC分类号： G02F1/133 ,  G09G3/20 ,  G09G3/36

CPC分类号： G09G3/364 ,  G09G3/3629 ,  G09G2310/061 ,  G09G2320/0626 ,  G09G2360/144 ,  G09G3/2018 ,  G09G3/2074

摘要： The invention provides a ferroelectric liquid crystal display with uniformly spaced greyscale levels. The invention uses a bistable ferroelectric liquid crystal display formed by a layer of chiral smectic liquid crystal material between two cell walls. The walls carry e.g. line and column electrodes to give an x,y matrix of addressable pixels, and are surface treated to provide bistable operation. Each pixel may be divided into subpixels thereby giving spatial weighting for greyscale. Temporal weighting of greyscale is obtained by switching a pixel to a dark state for time T1 and a light state for time T2. When T1 and T2 are not equal, four different greyscales are obtainable; i.e. dark, dark grey, light grey, and light. The present invention provides a required uniform spacing of greyscale levels by addressing each pixel two or more times in one frame time. Each pixel is blanked then strobed, two or more times in each frame time; the relative times between blanking and strobing, at least four different time periods, are varied to give the desired greyscale levels. The temporal and spatial weighting may be combined to increase the number of obtainable greyscales. Further, the relative intensity between adjacent subpixels may be adjusted to vary the apparent size of the smallest subpixel; this is useful when subpixel size is near to manufacturing limits.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB95 / 00814 Sec。 371日期1996年10月29日第 102（e）日期1996年10月29日PCT提交1995年4月10日PCT公布。 WO95 / 27971 PCT公开号 日期：1995年10月19日本发明提供了具有均匀间隔灰度级的铁电液晶显示器。 本发明使用由两个单元壁之间的手性近晶液晶材料层形成的双稳态铁电液晶显示器。 墙壁例如 线和列电极，以得到可寻址像素的x，y矩阵，并进行表面处理以提供双稳态运算。 每个像素可以被划分成子像素，从而给出灰度的空间加权。 通过将像素切换到时间T1的暗状态和时间T2的亮状态来获得灰度的时间加权。 当T1和T2不相等时，可获得四种不同的灰度; 即暗，深灰色，浅灰色和浅色。 本发明通过在一个帧时间内对每个像素进行两次或更多次寻址来提供所需的灰度级别的均匀间隔。 每个像素消隐，然后选通，每帧时间两次或更多次; 消隐和选通之间的相对时间，至少四个不同的时间段被改变以提供期望的灰度级。 可以组合时间和空间加权以增加获得的灰度数。 此外，可以调整相邻子像素之间的相对强度以改变最小子像素的表观尺寸; 当子像素尺寸接近制造限制时，这是有用的。

公开(公告)号：US5963186A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-05

申请号：US902519

申请日：1997-07-29

申请人： Jonathan Rennie Hughes ,  Edward Peter Raynes

发明人： Jonathan Rennie Hughes ,  Edward Peter Raynes

IPC分类号： G09G3/36

CPC分类号： G09G3/36 ,  G09G2310/0205 ,  G09G2310/06 ,  G09G2310/063 ,  G09G2320/041

摘要： A ferro-electric liquid crystal cell is addressed by row and column electrodes forming an x,y matrix of display elements. A strobe waveform is applied to each row in sequence while appropriate data waveforms are applied to all the column electrodes. At each display element the material receives an addressing waveform to switch it to one of its two switched states depending upon the polarity of the addressing waveform. The switching characteristics of ferro-electric materials depend upon the shape of the addressing waveform. Two different shapes of addressing waveforms are used to produce two different and separated switching characteristics (FIG. 3). Al least one switching characteristic curve may exhibit a minimum response time at one voltage value, and the display is operated at voltages above this. The data waveforms are alternating positive and negative pulses of period 2ts. The strobe waveform has a zero for one time period ts followed by a unipolar voltage pulse of duration greater than ts, e.g. 1.5ts or more. This results in an overlapping of addressing in adjacent rows, i.e. the end of a strobe pulse on one row overlaps with the beginning of a strobe pulse on the next row. The display elements may be switched into one of their two states by one of two strobe pulses of opposite polarity. Alternatively a blanking pulse may switch all elements to one state and a strobe used to switch selected elements to the other state.

摘要翻译： 铁电液晶单元通过形成显示元件的x，y矩阵的行电极和列电极来寻址。 每个行按顺序施加选通波形，同时将适当的数据波形应用于所有的列电极。 在每个显示元件处，材料接收寻址波形，以根据寻址波形的极性将其切换到其两个切换状态之一。 铁电材料的开关特性取决于寻址波形的形状。 使用两种不同形状的寻址波形来产生两种不同和分离的开关特性（图3）。 至少一个开关特性曲线可以在一个电压值处呈现最小响应时间，并且在高于该电压的电压下操作显示器。 数据波形是周期2ts的正负脉冲。 频闪波形在一个时间段ts之后具有零，随后是持续时间大于ts的单极电压脉冲，例如。 1.5t以上。 这导致在相邻行中寻址的重叠，即，一行上的选通脉冲的结束与下一行上的选通脉冲的开始重叠。 可以通过相反极性的两个选通脉冲之一将显示元件切换成它们的两个状态之一。 或者，消隐脉冲可以将所有元件切换到一个状态，并且选通用于将所选元件切换到另一状态。

公开(公告)号：US4119367A

公开(公告)日：1978-10-10

申请号：US663360

申请日：1976-03-03

申请人： Edward Peter Raynes ,  Ian Alexander Shanks ,  John Charles Varney

发明人： Edward Peter Raynes ,  Ian Alexander Shanks ,  John Charles Varney

IPC分类号： G02F1/133 ,  G02F1/139 ,  G02F1/13

CPC分类号： G02F1/13725 ,  G02F1/13306

摘要： A liquid crystal display comprises a liquid crystal material layer contained between transparent slides which carry electrodes arranged in lines and columns to form an x, y matrix with x, y intersections. The liquid crystal layer at the intersections are turned on line by line by a blanking voltage, turned off by application of a zero voltage, and held at a threshold voltage at other times. The voltages are applied from a two phase supply in the form of two sinusoidal waves spaced 60.degree. apart in phase. Threshold voltages at an intersection are maintained by applying one of the two waveforms to x electrodes and a zero voltage to y electrodes. A zero voltage at x, y intersections is arranged by applying the other of the two waveforms to both x, y electrodes.

摘要翻译： 液晶显示器包括一个液晶材料层，该液晶材料层包含在透明的载玻片之间，载体以线和列排列形成具有x，y交点的x，y矩阵。 交叉点处的液晶层通过消隐电压逐行地被接通，通过施加零电压而关闭，并且在其它时间保持在阈值电压。 电压以两相间隔60°的两个正弦波的形式从两相电源施加。 通过将两个波形中的一个施加到x电极和零电压到y电极来维持交叉点处的阈值电压。 通过将两个波形中的另一个施加到两个x，y电极来布置x，y交点处的零电压。

公开(公告)号：US5888421A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-30

申请号：US308207

申请日：1994-09-19

申请人： Kenneth Johnson Toyne ,  John William Goodby ,  Alexander Seed ,  George William Gray ,  Damien Gerad McDonnel ,  Edward Peter Raynes ,  Sally Elizabeth Day ,  Kenneth John Harrison ,  Michael Hird

发明人： Kenneth Johnson Toyne ,  John William Goodby ,  Alexander Seed ,  George William Gray ,  Damien Gerad McDonnel ,  Edward Peter Raynes ,  Sally Elizabeth Day ,  Kenneth John Harrison ,  Michael Hird

IPC分类号： C09K19/12 ,  C09K19/18 ,  C09K19/20 ,  C09K19/34 ,  C07D333/36

CPC分类号： C09K19/2007 ,  C09K19/12 ,  C09K19/18 ,  C09K19/3491

摘要： ##STR1## The invention describes liquid crystalline compounds or formula (I), where A, D and G are independently selected from phenyl, thiophene, hydrogenated phenyl, chlorinated phenyl and fluorinated phenyl, B and E are independently selected from a single bond C═≢C. C.tbd.C.C00, azoxy and diazo, k and m are independently selected from 1 and 0, such that m+n is 1 or 2, and R
1 and R
2 are independently selected from R, R0, alkynyl, thioalkyl, hydrogen, CN, NCS and SCN; provided that at least one of R
1 and R
2 is selected from CN, NCS and SCN and that at least one of A, D and G is phenyl; and excluding where at least one of R
1 and R
2 is independently selected as CN and one of A, D or G is not thiophene, and where m is 0, A, and D are phenyl, B is a single bond and only one of R
1 or R
2 is NCS. Also described are compounds suitable for inclusion in a device utilizing pretransitional characteristics of liquid crystalline materials in the isotropic phase, of general formula (II) where J and Y are independently selected from phenyl, thiophene, hydrogenated phenyl, chlorinated phenyl and fluorinated phenyl, X is selected from C═≢C. C.tbd.C.COO azoxy and diazo, k is 1 or 0 and R
3 and R
4 are independently selected from R, RO, alkynyl, thioalkyl, hydrogen, CN, NCS and SCN; provided that at least one of R
3 and R
4 is selected from CN, NCS and SCN and that at least one of J and Y is phenyl.

摘要翻译： （I）R3J（X）kYR4（II）本发明描述了液晶化合物或式（I），其中A，D和G独立地选自苯基，噻吩，氢化苯基，氯化苯基和氟化苯基，B 和E独立地选自单键C = NOTEQUAL C. C 3BOND C.C00，azoxy和diazo，k和m独立地选自1和0，使得m + n是1或2，并且R 1和R 2是 独立地选自R，R 0，炔基，硫代烷基，氢，CN，NCS和SCN; 条件是R1和R2中的至少一个选自CN，NCS和SCN，并且A，D和G中的至少一个是苯基; 并且不包括其中R 1和R 2中的至少一个独立地选择为CN且A，D或G中的一个不是噻吩，并且其中m是0，A和D是苯基，B是单键，并且只有一个R 1 或R2是NCS。 还描述了适用于在通式（II）的各向同性相中使用液晶材料的预过滤特性的装置中的化合物，其中J和Y独立地选自苯基，噻吩，氢化苯基，氯代苯基和氟化苯基，X C选自C = NOTEQUAL C. C 3BOND C.COO azoxy和diazo，k为1或0，R 3和R 4独立地选自R，RO，炔基，硫代烷基，氢，CN，NCS和SCN; 条件是R3和R4中的至少一个选自CN，NCS和SCN，并且J和Y中的至少一个是苯基。

公开(公告)号：US5820781A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-13

申请号：US470153

申请日：1995-06-06

申请人： Kenneth Johnson Toyne ,  John William Goodby ,  Alexander Seed ,  George William Gray ,  Damien Gerad McDonnel ,  Edward Peter Raynes ,  Sally Elizabeth Day ,  Kenneth John Harrison ,  Michael Hird

发明人： Kenneth Johnson Toyne ,  John William Goodby ,  Alexander Seed ,  George William Gray ,  Damien Gerad McDonnel ,  Edward Peter Raynes ,  Sally Elizabeth Day ,  Kenneth John Harrison ,  Michael Hird

IPC分类号： C07C255/52 ,  C07C255/54 ,  C07C323/62 ,  C07C331/28 ,  C07D239/26 ,  C07D333/20 ,  C07D333/24 ,  C09K19/32 ,  C09K19/34 ,  C09K19/54 ,  C07D239/02 ,  G02F1/133

CPC分类号： C07D239/26 ,  C07C255/52 ,  C07C255/54 ,  C07C323/62 ,  C07C331/28 ,  C07D333/20 ,  C07D333/24 ,  C09K19/322 ,  C09K19/3441 ,  C09K19/3458 ,  C09K19/3461 ,  C09K19/3497 ,  C09K19/544 ,  Y10T428/10

摘要： R.sub.1 --A--(X).sub.m --(B).sub.n --R.sub.2 (I) R.sub.3 --J--(Y).sub.p --(Z).sub.q --R.sub.4 (II) Liquid crystal compounds of formula (I) are described, where formula (I) is given as R.sub.1 --A--(X).sub.m --(B).sub.n --R.sub.2 where A is selected from nathyl, fluorinated naphthyl, brominated naphthyl, B is selected from phenyl, methylated phenyl, brominated phenyl, fluorinated phenyl, thiophene, pyrimidine and pyridine, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from alkyl, alkoxy, alkynyl, thioalkyl, Br, CN, SCN, NCS, perfluoroalkyl, perfluoroalkoxy and hydrogen, X is selected from C.tbd.C, COO and C.tbd.C, m is 0 or 1, n is 0 or 1 where m is 1 and n is 0 where m is 0; provided that where A is naphthyl, n is 1 and m is 0 then B is selected from methylated phenyl, brominated phenyl, thiophene, pyrimidine and pyridine; and further provided that where A is naphthyl, X is C.tbd.C, m is 1 and n is 1, then B is selected from thiophene, pyrimidine and pyridine. Also described are liquid crystal compounds suitable for inclusion in devices utilizing pretransitional characteristics of liquid crystalline materials in the isotropic phase and described by formula (II): R.sub.3 --J--(Y).sub.p --(Z).sub.q --R.sub.4, where J is selected from nathyl, fluorinated naphthyl, brominated naphthyl, Z is selected from phenyl, methylated phenyl, brominated phenyl, fluorinated phenyl, thiophene, pyrimidine and pyridine, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from alkyl, alkoxy, alkynyl, thioalkyl, Br, CN, SCN, NCS, perfluoroalkyl, perfluoroalkoxy and hydrogen, Y is selected from C.dbd.C, COO and C.dbd.C, p is 0 or 1, q is 0 or 1 where p is 1 and q is 0 where p is 0.

摘要翻译： R 1 -A（X）m - （B）n -R 2（I）R 3 -J-（Y）对 - （Z）q -R 4（II）式（I）的液晶化合物，其中式 I）为R1-A-（X）m-（B）n-R2，其中A选自萘基，氟化萘基，溴化萘基，B选自苯基，甲基化苯基，溴代苯基，氟化苯基，噻吩， 嘧啶和吡啶，R1和R2独立地选自烷基，烷氧基，炔基，硫代烷基，Br，CN，SCN，NCS，全氟烷基，全氟烷氧基和氢，X选自C 3BOND C，COO和C 3 C， 或1，n为0或1，其中m为1，n为0，其中m为0; 条件是其中A为萘基，n为1，m为0，则B选自甲基化苯基，溴化苯基，噻吩，嘧啶和吡啶; 并且进一步提供，其中A是萘基，X是C 3 C 6，m是1，n是1，则B选自噻吩，嘧啶和吡啶。 还描述了适于包含在利用各向同性相中并由式（II）表示的液晶材料的预过滤特性的器件中的液晶化合物：R3-J-（Y）对（Z）q-R4，其中J被选择 从萘基，氟化萘基，溴化萘基，Z选自苯基，甲基化苯基，溴化苯基，氟化苯基，噻吩，嘧啶和吡啶，R1和R2独立地选自烷基，烷氧基，炔基，硫代烷基，Br，CN，SCN ，NCS，全氟烷基，全氟烷氧基和氢，Y选自C = C，COO和C = C，p为0或1，q为0或1，其中p为1，q为0，其中p为0。

公开(公告)号：US4032219A

公开(公告)日：1977-06-28

申请号：US623506

申请日：1975-10-17

申请人： Jennifer Constant ,  Ian Alexander Shanks ,  Edward Peter Raynes

发明人： Jennifer Constant ,  Ian Alexander Shanks ,  Edward Peter Raynes

IPC分类号： C09K19/60 ,  G02F1/137 ,  G02F1/16 ,  C09K3/34

CPC分类号： C09K19/60 ,  G02F1/13737 ,  G02F2202/043 ,  Y10T428/1041

摘要： A liquid crystal guest-host display device includes a dye dissolved in the liquid crystal material. The invention is characterized in that the dye comprises three colored dye compounds mixed together to provide gray in the absence of an applied electric field. The compounds may be Sudan Black, Sudan Red and .beta.-carotene. The liquid crystal material preferably includes at least one 4'-alkyl- or -alkoxy-4'-cyanobiphenyl compound.

摘要翻译： 液晶宾主显示装置包括溶解在液晶材料中的染料。 本发明的特征在于，染料包含混合在一起的三种着色染料化合物，以在没有施加的电场的情况下提供灰色。 这些化合物可以是苏丹黑，苏丹红和β-胡萝卜素。 液晶材料优选包含至少一种4'-烷基 - 或 - 烷氧基-4'-氰基联苯化合物。

公开(公告)号：US5940060A

公开(公告)日：1999-08-17

申请号：US537468

申请日：1995-10-02

申请人： Edward Peter Raynes ,  Paul Bonnett

发明人： Edward Peter Raynes ,  Paul Bonnett

IPC分类号： G02F1/133 ,  G09G3/20 ,  G09G3/36

CPC分类号： G09G3/3637 ,  G09G2320/0209 ,  G09G3/2011 ,  G09G3/207

摘要： A ferroelectric liquid crystal cell is controlled by applying a strobe pulse and a data pulse to the cell, the magnitude of the data pulse being modulated in order to control the resultant pulse applied to the cell. The resultant pulse includes a pre-pulse on one polarity and a main pulse of the opposite polarity. When applied to a liquid crystal cell of stepped thickness, the application of data pulses of different magnitudes switches regions of different thicknesses of the cell so as to provide grey level capability.

摘要翻译： 通过向单元施加选通脉冲和数据脉冲来控制铁电液晶单元，数据脉冲的幅度被调制以便控制施加到单元的合成脉冲。 所得到的脉冲包括一个极性的预脉冲和相反极性的主脉冲。 当施加到阶梯厚度的液晶单元时，应用不同大小的数据脉冲来切换单元不同厚度的区域，以提供灰度级能力。