公开(公告)号：US4419190A

公开(公告)日：1983-12-06

申请号：US357803

申请日：1982-03-12

申请人： Hermann Dietz ,  Ferdinand Grob ,  Klaus Muller ,  Lothar Raff ,  Franz Rieger ,  Hans-Martin Wiedenmann

发明人： Hermann Dietz ,  Ferdinand Grob ,  Klaus Muller ,  Lothar Raff ,  Franz Rieger ,  Hans-Martin Wiedenmann

IPC分类号： G01N27/41 ,  G01K7/00 ,  G01K7/28 ,  G01N27/406 ,  G01N27/409 ,  G05D23/24 ,  G01N27/58

CPC分类号： G01N27/4065 ,  G01K7/28 ,  G05D23/1906 ,  G05D23/24

摘要： To provide for temperature measurement of a solid electrolyte polarographic gas composition sensor, an ac signal is superimposed from an ac voltage source (2) on the applied voltage from a voltage source (1) if the sensor is a polarographic sensor, the ac signal being separated from the output by a filter combination (6, 7), the dc output being evaluated as usual, and the ac output being rectified in a rectifier (9) to obtain a measure of the temperature since the ac resistance (R.sub.alt) is highly temperature dependent (see FIG. 3). The ac preferably is about 10% of the applied dc voltage, so that the voltage swing of the ac potential falls well within the linear range of output current with respect to voltage (see FIG. 2). The output from the ac channel (7, 9) to evaluate the temperature signal can be connected to a control loop circuit (10, 11), including a heater (11) to heat the sensor to maintain a uniform temperature thereof.

摘要翻译： 为了提供固体电解质极谱气体组成传感器的温度测量，如果传感器是极谱传感器，则交流电信号从交流电压源（2）叠加在来自电压源（1）的施加电压上，交流信号为 通过滤波器组合（6,7）从输出分离，直流输出按照常规进行评估，并且交流输出在整流器（9）中整流以获得由于交流电阻（Ralt）高的温度的测量 温度依赖（参见图3）。 交流电压优选为所施加的直流电压的约10％，使得交流电位的电压摆幅相对于电压在输出电流的线性范围内很好地下降（见图2）。 来自用于评估温度信号的交流通道（7,9）的输出可以连接到包括加热器（11）的控制回路电路（10,11），以加热传感器以保持其均匀的温度。

公开(公告)号：US4355618A

公开(公告)日：1982-10-26

申请号：US207560

申请日：1980-11-17

申请人： Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Ernst Linder ,  Harald Reber ,  Hermann Dietz

发明人： Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Ernst Linder ,  Harald Reber ,  Hermann Dietz

IPC分类号： F02D41/34 ,  F02D3/00 ,  F02D41/14 ,  F02B3/00

CPC分类号： F02D41/1476

摘要： A method and apparatus is proposed for obtaining a control variable for the closed-loop control of the fuel-air ratio of the operating mixture of internal combustion engines, in which a threshold-current sensor of known structure is used. By means of varying the measurement voltage present at the threshold-current sensor by voltage amounts which correspond to a change in oxygen concentration to be expected in association with a change in operational state, the time behavior of the threshold-current sensor, which is essentially sluggish, is compensated for and it becomes possible to use it for rapidly-functioning closed-loop control systems in internal combustion engines.

摘要翻译： 提出了一种方法和装置，用于获得其中使用已知结构的阈值电流传感器的内燃机的操作混合物的燃料 - 空气比的闭环控制的控制变量。 通过将阈值电流传感器上存在的测量电压改变为与预期的运行状态变化相对应的氧浓度变化的电压量，阈值电流传感器的时间特性基本上是 缓慢，被补偿，并且可以将其用于内燃机中快速功能的闭环控制系统。

公开(公告)号：US4334974A

公开(公告)日：1982-06-15

申请号：US121598

申请日：1980-02-14

申请人： Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Ernst Linder ,  Franz Rieger ,  Karl H. Friese ,  Harald Reber ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Hermann Ziener ,  Friedrich Esper ,  Gerhard Holfelder

发明人： Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Ernst Linder ,  Franz Rieger ,  Karl H. Friese ,  Harald Reber ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Hermann Ziener ,  Friedrich Esper ,  Gerhard Holfelder

IPC分类号： G01N27/41 ,  G01N27/403 ,  G01N27/406 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/413 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/58

CPC分类号： G01N27/4071 ,  G01N27/4067

摘要： To permit a layer construction, which is inexpensive and lends itself to mass production manufacture, a solid electrolyte body, in plate-like construction, with electrodes at either thereof is positioned in a housing with a portion thereof extending in the region where it is exposed to gases to be sensed; a porous cover is applied on one of the electrodes, the porous cover having a predetermined diffusion resistance to oxygen molecules. A flat insulating plate of approximately the same dimension as the solid electrolyte plate is positioned flat thereagainst, and a flat layer-like electrical heating element is secured on the flat insulating plate or, in other embodiments, against another insulating covering on the other side of the heating element as well, close to the electrodes and adjacent the plane surfaces of the body. The heating element and the electrodes of the sensing element are carried out as conductive tracks for connection to respective sources of operating or biassing potential and, with respect to the sensing electrodes, to an evaluation circuit.

摘要翻译： 为了允许廉价的并且适合批量生产制造的层结构，板状结构中的固体电解质体，其中的电极位于壳体中，其一部分在其暴露的区域中延伸 对待检测的气体; 在其中一个电极上施加多孔覆盖层，多孔覆盖层对氧分子具有预定的扩散阻力。 与固体电解质板大致相同尺寸的平板绝缘板位于平坦的平面上，平板状电加热元件固定在平绝缘板上，或者在其他实施例中固定在另一侧的另一绝缘覆盖物 加热元件也靠近电极并且靠近主体的平面。 感测元件的加热元件和电极被执行为用于连接到相应的操作或偏置电位源的导电轨道，并且相对于感测电极被执行到评估电路。

公开(公告)号：US4283261A

公开(公告)日：1981-08-11

申请号：US100256

申请日：1979-12-04

申请人： Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Bodo Ziegler

发明人： Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Bodo Ziegler

IPC分类号： G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/46

CPC分类号： G01N27/4071

摘要： To measure partial oxygen pressure in gases, particularly exhaust gases of automotive-type combustion engines, a solid electrolyte plate of elongated rectangular configuration has at least one electrode pair applied to a single surface thereof, which is exposed to the measuring gas. Preferably, the gap between electrodes is elongated, by forming the electrodes in comb-interdigited form. A thermocouple - temperature sensor can be applied between connecting tracks for the electrodes which extend longitudinally of the electrolyte plate towards the other end thereof, through a sealing mass holding the plate within a housing, the other end forming, simultaneously, a connection terminal for connection to an electric connector or plug. A heating element can be placed on the obverse side of the plate, preferably in the position in the gap between the electrodes. More than one such sensor element may be secured in the same housing, and, for example, two such plates, back to back, with the heating element therebetween, spaced from each other, or as a common block. The sensor may be used for potentiometric and/or polarographic measurement, depending upon cover coatings on the electrodes which control exposure thereof to the gases, catalytic or non-catalytic action of the electrodes (for example being of platinum or gold, respectively) and whether a voltage is applied across the electrode terminals, or the sensor is to operate as an electrochemical cell. Such sensor can be inexpensively made, are suitable for mass production, and flexible with respect to their mode of operation.

摘要翻译： 为了测量气体，特别是汽车型内燃机的废气中的部分氧气压力，细长矩形结构的固体电解质板具有至少一个电极对，其被施加到暴露于测量气体的单个表面。 优选地，通过以梳形交错形式形成电极，电极之间的间隙是细长的。 热电偶 - 温度传感器可以被施加在电极的连接轨道之间，电极的连接轨道通过将板保持在壳体内的密封块向另一端延伸，另一端同时形成用于连接的连接端子 电连接器或插头。 加热元件可以放置在板的正面上，优选地位于电极之间的间隙中的位置。 多个这样的传感器元件可以固定在相同的壳体中，并且例如两个这样的板，背对背，加热元件在它们之间，彼此间隔开，或者作为公共块。 传感器可以用于电位和/或极谱测量，这取决于电极上的覆盖物涂层，其控制其暴露于气体，电极的催化或非催化作用（例如分别为铂或金），以及是否 在电极端子上施加电压，或者传感器用作电化学电池。 这种传感器可以廉价地制造，适合于批量生产，并且相对于它们的操作模式是灵活的。

公开(公告)号：US4506186A

公开(公告)日：1985-03-19

申请号：US427181

申请日：1982-09-29

申请人： Eckart Damson ,  Winfried Moser ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger ,  Rainer Schubler

发明人： Eckart Damson ,  Winfried Moser ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger ,  Rainer Schubler

IPC分类号： G01L23/16 ,  F02P17/12 ,  G01H9/00 ,  G01J1/02 ,  G01L23/22 ,  H01T13/40 ,  H01T13/48

CPC分类号： G01L23/22

摘要： To facilitate assembly of a central glass rod in an optical sensor-spark plug combination, electrical energy is conducted to the spark end of the combination by a high temperature resistant tube or sleeve 11 surrounding a central glass rod 2 for only a limited portion of the entire length; electrical energy is conducted to the high temperature resistant sleeve 11, which forms the sparking end of the spark plug, from a terminal connector 1 by a packing 10 of electrically conductive powder, which may include radio noise suppression resistance characteristics, held in place by a compression spring 8, in electrical connection with the terminal connector 1; or by a separate tube 12 surrounding the glass rod 1, and of non-heat resistant material, the glass rod 1 being separated from the other tube 12 by an adhesive which, at the connecting end of the spark plug, need not be high temperature resistant.

摘要翻译： 为了方便在光学传感器 - 火花塞组合中组装中央玻璃棒，电能通过围绕中央玻璃棒2的耐高温管或套筒11传导到组合的火花端，仅限于 整个长度 电能通过导电粉末的填料10从端子连接器1传导到形成火花塞的火花塞端的耐高温套筒11，其可以包括无线电噪声抑制特性，通过一个 与端子连接器1电连接的压缩弹簧8; 或通过围绕玻璃棒1的单独的管12和不耐热材料，玻璃棒1通过粘合剂与另一个管12分离，粘合剂在火花塞的连接端不需要是高温 耐性

公开(公告)号：US4425788A

公开(公告)日：1984-01-17

申请号：US344407

申请日：1982-02-01

申请人： Horst Franke ,  Ernst Linder ,  Winfried Moser ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

发明人： Horst Franke ,  Ernst Linder ,  Winfried Moser ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

IPC分类号： G01M15/04 ,  F02B1/04 ,  G01H9/00 ,  G01L23/22 ,  G01M15/10 ,  H01T13/48

CPC分类号： H01T13/48 ,  G01L23/22 ,  G01M15/10 ,  F02B1/04

摘要： To permit individual evaluation of the combustion processes in the respective cylinders (1a-d) of an internal combustion (IC) engine (2), individual optical pick-ups (3a-d; 4a-d) are coupled to the respective cylinders, the output signals either in optical or electrical form are conducted to separate pick-ups for individual evaluation or, alternatively, the output signals are combined and then again separated out by a steering circuit. Individual evaluation can be accomplished by locating light guide fibers from the sensors in a predetermined position with respect to opto-electrical transducers; by forming scanning windows, for example by a rotating disk (19, 20) rotating n in synchronism with the engine and permitting passage of light from the respective fibers of the light guides to respective pick-ups; or by combining the light outputs from the respective sensors (4) either optically by intermixing light guide fibers in a common cable (6'), or electrically in an equivalent OR-circuit (FIG. 8: R.sub.L) with subsequent correlation of the output signal with a specific cylinder by a scanning disk (FIG. 6: 20) with suitably placed openings (22a-d) therein, or an electrical time-multiplex steering circuit (FIG. 8: 30) operating in synchronism with rotation of the engine.

摘要翻译： 为了对内燃（IC）发动机（2）的各汽缸（1a-d）中的燃烧过程进行单独评估，将各个光拾取器（3a-d; 4a-d）联接到相应气缸， 以光学或电气形式输出的信号被传送到用于单独评估的单独的拾取器，或者，输出信号被组合，然后由转向电路再次分离。 可以通过将来自传感器的光导纤维相对于光电换能器定位在预定位置来实现个体评估; 通过形成扫描窗口，例如通过与发动机同步旋转的旋转盘（19,20），并允许光从光导的各个光纤通过到相应的拾取器; 或者通过将光导纤维混合在公共电缆（6'）中，或者在等效的或电路（图8：RL）中电耦合来分别来自各个传感器（4）的光输出， 通过其中具有适当放置的开口（22a-d）的扫描盘（图6：20）或具有与发动机的旋转同步运行的电气时间复用转向电路（图8：30）的具有特定气缸的信号 。

公开(公告)号：US4413509A

公开(公告)日：1983-11-08

申请号：US313359

申请日：1981-10-20

申请人： Winfried Moser ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

发明人： Winfried Moser ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

IPC分类号： G01J1/02 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B23/00 ,  G01L23/22 ,  H01T13/48 ,  G01M15/00

CPC分类号： H01T13/48 ,  G01L23/22 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B3/06

摘要： To provide for simultaneous transmission of pressure signals and light signals from the combustion chamber (CC) of an internal combustion engine or, selectively, either one or the other of the pressure or light signals, independently, a spark plug-type housing (1, 2) has a glass plug (3) fitted therein, the end face of which at the side remote from the combustion chamber engaging a piezo-ceramic ring (4). The inner opening of the ring (4) transmits light from the glass plug or rod 3 to a light guide fiber cable (7) which, concentrically and insulated from each other, has a metal woven sleeve (10) placed thereabout, and an outer metallic jacket (12), the woven sleeve (10) being connected to a flanged ring (6, 6a) engaging one end face of the piezo-ceramic ring (4), the other end face being connected to the outer metallic sleeve (12) to provide a coaxial electrical signal output cable, with the inner portion thereof surrounding and forming a jacket for the light guide fiber cable (7).

摘要翻译： 为了同时传输来自内燃机的燃烧室（CC）的压力信号和光信号，或独立地选择性地，一个或另一个压力或光信号，火花塞型壳体（1， 2）具有安装在其中的玻璃塞（3），其端面远离燃烧室的一侧与压电陶瓷环（4）接合。 环（4）的内部开口将来自玻璃塞或者杆3的光透射到光导纤维电缆（7），该光导纤维电缆彼此同心且绝缘，在其周围设有金属编织套筒（10） 金属护套（12），编织套筒（10）连接到接合压电陶瓷环（4）的一个端面的凸缘环（6,6a），另一个端面连接到外部金属套筒（12） ）以提供同轴电信号输出电缆，其内部包围并形成用于光导纤维电缆（7）的护套。

公开(公告)号：US4394855A

公开(公告)日：1983-07-26

申请号：US261413

申请日：1981-05-07

申请人： Reinhard Latsch ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

发明人： Reinhard Latsch ,  Ernst Linder ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger

IPC分类号： F02B19/10 ,  F02B19/12 ,  F02B19/16 ,  F02B23/08 ,  F02P13/00

CPC分类号： F02B19/12 ,  F02B19/1009 ,  Y02T10/125

摘要： An ignition chamber device is described which has an elongated, rotationally symmetrical form. The wall of the ignition chamber which protrudes into the main combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine has a coaxial overflow conduit embodied by a nozzle and radially extending discharge conduits which extend into the annular chamber which surrounds the nozzle. The ignition chamber is provided with an ignition device which has a central electrode that leads from the outside into the interior and by means of this central electrode the ignition voltage is carried via a conductor path, disposed in the wall, to a wall location opposite the nozzle, from where the ignition spark can leap the gap. A heat pipe is disposed in the nozzle and includes a portion arranged in close proximity to the cylinder wall, which prevents the ignition chamber from becoming overheated and on the other hand also enables the inflowing mixture to be heated up in optimal fashion on the way to the ignition location.

摘要翻译： 描述了具有细长旋转对称形式的点火室装置。 点燃室的突出到内燃机的主燃烧室的壁具有由喷嘴和径向延伸的排放导管构成的同轴溢流导管，其延伸到围绕喷嘴的环形室中。 点火室设置有点火装置，该点火装置具有从外部引导到内部的中心电极，并且借助于该中心电极，点火电压通过布置在壁中的导体路径被承载到相对于 喷嘴，从那里点火火花可以跳过间隙。 热管设置在喷嘴中，并且包括靠近气缸壁布置的部分，其防止点火室变得过热，另一方面也使得流入的混合物能够以最佳方式被加热到途中 点火位置。

公开(公告)号：US4294679A

公开(公告)日：1981-10-13

申请号：US145738

申请日：1980-05-01

申请人： Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Ernst Linder ,  Franz Rieger ,  Gunther Stecher

发明人： Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Ernst Linder ,  Franz Rieger ,  Gunther Stecher

IPC分类号： G01N27/41 ,  B01L3/00 ,  G01N27/406 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/413 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/48 ,  G01N27/58

CPC分类号： G01N27/4071 ,  G01N27/4067 ,  G01N27/48 ,  Y10T29/49002

摘要： To apply a measured quantity of air to the electrodes applied to a plate-like solid electrolyte body, which may be a chip on a carrier or may, itself, form the carrier, grooves, flutes, ducts, or depressions are formed in the carrier and/or a cover plate, the grooves terminating at an edge portion with access to the gas to be supplied, and having a size such that their clear height is preferably in the lower micron region, and a width, preferably under 1 mm, and particularly between 0.2 and 0.4 mm. The higher limits are applicable to apply, for example, air to a reference electrode, to apply ambient oxygen thereto; the lower limits are appropriate when operating the sensor as a polarographic sensor, in which the diffusion limited current, upon application of a bias voltage, is an analog measure of the oxygen concentration in the gas, and the gas supply to the electrode must be suitably controlled to prevent saturation conditions. The grooves may be formed, for example, by sandblasting or by applying insulating material in the form of posts, ridges, and the like, on the respective element, filling the space therebetween with a filler substance which, upon subsequent sintering, escapes, thus leaving the voids forming the grooves, depressions, and the like.

摘要翻译： 为了将应用于板状固体电解质体的电极施加测量量的空气，该固体电解质体可以是载体上的芯片，或者可以自身形成载体，在载体中形成凹槽，凹槽，管道或凹陷 和/或盖板，所述槽终止于边缘部分，具有进入待供应气体的通道，并且具有这样的尺寸，使得它们的透明高度优选地在较低的微米区域中，宽度优选地在1mm以下，以及 特别是在0.2和0.4毫米之间。 上限适用于将例如空气施加到参比电极，以向其施加环境氧; 当将传感器作为极谱传感器操作时，下限是适当的，其中在施加偏压时扩散受限电流是气体中氧浓度的模拟测量，并且对电极的气体供应必须适当 控制以防止饱和条件。 凹槽可以例如通过喷砂或通过在各个元件上施加柱状物，脊等的形式的绝缘材料形成，用填充物填充其间的空间，该填充物在随后的烧结时逸出，因此 留下形成凹槽，凹陷等的空隙。

公开(公告)号：US4333439A

公开(公告)日：1982-06-08

申请号：US127158

申请日：1980-03-04

申请人： Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder

发明人： Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder

IPC分类号： F02M25/07 ,  F02D21/08 ,  F02M25/06

CPC分类号： F02D41/0065 ,  F02D41/144 ,  F02D41/005 ,  Y02T10/47

摘要： An apparatus is proposed for controlling the exhaust recirculation rate in an internal combustion engine, in particular an engine with auto-ignition, which includes preferably one mixture valve in the area of the discharge opening of the exhaust recirculation line and which is characterized in that the control is accomplished via the mixture valve position ahead of the inlet valves in accordance with the concentration of at least one component of the air-exhaust gas mixture and/or at least one component of the exhaust gas. Thus it is possible to operate the engine with a relatively emission-free exhaust. An exhaust gas reservoir is further provided, with which peaks in the exhaust gas concentration due to a dynamic driving mode can be intercepted. Finally, it is also proposed that the exhaust recirculation be realized solely via a pressure, which can be controlled in open-loop or closed-loop fashion, in the exhaust line by means of a valve.

摘要翻译： 提出了一种用于控制内燃机，特别是具有自动点火的发动机的排气再循环率的装置，其优选地包括在排气再循环管线的排放口的区域中的一个混合阀，并且其特征在于， 根据排气混合物的至少一种组分和/或废气的至少一种组分的浓度，通过进口阀前面的混合阀位置实现控制。 因此，可以用相对无排放的排气来操作发动机。 还设置有废气储存器，由此可以拦截由于动态驱动模式引起的废气浓度的峰值。 最后，还提出排气再循环仅通过可通过阀门在排气管路中以开环或闭环方式控制的压力来实现。