公开(公告)号：US5787867A

公开(公告)日：1998-08-04

申请号：US816377

申请日：1997-03-13

Applicant: Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Lothar Raff ,  Ernst Wild ,  Klaus Hirschmann ,  Frank Blischke

Inventor： Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Lothar Raff ,  Ernst Wild ,  Klaus Hirschmann ,  Frank Blischke

IPC: F02D41/14 ,  G05B13/02

CPC classification number: F02D41/1481 ,  F02D41/1441 ,  F02D41/1475 ,  F02D41/1482 ,  F02D2041/1422

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for controlling the composition of the air/fuel mixture for an internal combustion engine. In the method, the mean value of the control oscillation is influenced via a change of the delay times tv with which a sign reversal of the actuating variable change is delayed. The dead time of the control is determined from the time-dependent performance of the control actuating variable and is considered for the change of the delay times tv.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于控制用于内燃机的空气/燃料混合物的组成的方法。 在该方法中，控制振荡的平均值通过延迟时间tv的变化而受到影响，延迟时间tv与致动变量改变的符号反转延迟。 控制的死区时间根据控制执行变量的时间依赖性能确定，并考虑延迟时间tv的变化。

公开(公告)号：US5438826A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-08

申请号：US144009

申请日：1993-11-01

Applicant: Frank Blischke ,  Klaus Hirschmann ,  Lothar Raff ,  Eberhard Schnaibel

Inventor： Frank Blischke ,  Klaus Hirschmann ,  Lothar Raff ,  Eberhard Schnaibel

IPC: F02D41/10 ,  F02D41/02 ,  F02D41/12 ,  F02D41/14

CPC classification number: F02D41/0295 ,  F02D41/123 ,  F02D41/126 ,  F02D41/1475

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for reducing the exhaust-gas emissions of an internal combustion engine which is equipped with a lambda control and a catalytic converter and for which the metering of fuel can be interrupted in dependence upon operating parameters. The method is characterized in that the engine at first is operated with a rich fuel/air mixture during transition from operation without fuel metering to operation with fuel metering. The oxygen deficiency associated therewith compensates the oxygen excess which is stored in the catalytic converter when the metering of fuel is interrupted. An operating state wherein oxygen is loaded therefore occurs quickly after a fuel cutoff. This operating state also defines an optimum at steady state and this is advantageous especially for the conversion of nitrogen oxide.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种减少内燃机的废气排放的方法，所述内燃机配备有λ控制和催化转化器，根据操作参数可对燃料计量进行中断。 该方法的特征在于，在从没有燃料计量的操作转变到具有燃料计量的操作的过程中，发动机首先具有丰富的燃料/空气混合物。 与此相关的缺氧补偿当燃料计量中断时储存在催化转化器中的氧气过剩。 因此，加载氧的操作状态在燃料切断之后迅速发生。 该操作状态也在稳定状态下定义最佳，这对于氮氧化物的转化是有利的。

公开(公告)号：US4756885A

公开(公告)日：1988-07-12

申请号：US852807

申请日：1986-02-21

Applicant: Lothar Raff ,  Helmut Weyl ,  Hans-Martin Wiedenmann

Inventor： Lothar Raff ,  Helmut Weyl ,  Hans-Martin Wiedenmann

IPC: G01N27/403 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/413 ,  G01N27/56

CPC classification number: G01N27/4077

Abstract: A combination of a measuring sensor and protector having a measuring sensor with a housing and having an elongated cup-like protective pipe engaged with the housing. The pipe has a bottom having a convex shape with an inlet opening. The pipe also has at least one outlet opening spaced away from the bottom. A deflector extends inward from the pipe at an acute angle relative to a longitudinal axis of the pipe and away from the bottom so that when gas flows longitudinally within the pipe from the inlet opening, the gas is deflected by the deflector to flow around the deflector to the at least one outlet opening. The bottom also has a boss-like bulging portion projecting outward to form the inlet opening so as to reduce contamination of the measuring element by preventing solid particles in the gas from entering inside the pipe.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / DE85 / 00229 Sec。 371日期1986年2月21日 102（e）日期1986年2月21日PCT提交1985年7月4日PCT公布。 出版物WO86 / 00709 日期1986年1月30日。测量传感器和保护器的组合，其具有带壳体的测量传感器，并具有与壳体接合的细长的杯状保护管。 管具有具有入口开口的凸形的底部。 管道还具有至少一个与底部间隔开的出口开口。 偏转器相对于管的纵向轴线以锐角从管子向内延伸并且远离底部，使得当气体从入口开口在管道内纵向流动时，气体被偏转器偏转以流过偏转器 至少一个出口开口。 底部还具有向外突出以形成入口开口的凸起状凸出部，以便通过防止气体中的固体颗粒进入管内而减少测量元件的污染。

公开(公告)号：US20050029096A1

公开(公告)日：2005-02-10

申请号：US10888295

申请日：2004-07-09

Applicant: Helmut Maurer ,  Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Lothar Raff ,  Oliver Hoerrmann

Inventor： Helmut Maurer ,  Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Lothar Raff ,  Oliver Hoerrmann

IPC: G01N27/30 ,  H01H1/60 ,  H01H9/54

CPC classification number: H01H1/605 ,  Y10T307/924

Abstract: A method and an electronic circuit for regenerating an electrical contact are provided in order to remedy the problem of electrical contacts becoming highly resistive over time. Electrical contacts become highly resistive over time, particularly when the contacts are thermally highly stressed and/or exposed to corrosive gases. To remedy this undesired effect and to reestablish the low resistance of the contacts, an electrical regenerating signal is applied to these contacts.

Abstract translation: 提供一种用于再生电触头的方法和电子电路，以便补救电触头随时间变得高度阻力的问题。 电触点随时间变得高度阻力，特别是当触点受到高度的高应力和/或暴露于腐蚀性气体时。 为了补救这种不良影响并重新建立触点的低电阻，电再生信号被施加到这些触点。

公开(公告)号：US5291417A

公开(公告)日：1994-03-01

申请号：US684896

申请日：1991-04-22

Applicant: Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Lothar Raff ,  Michael Westerdorf ,  Manfred Homeyer

Inventor： Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Lothar Raff ,  Michael Westerdorf ,  Manfred Homeyer

IPC: G01N27/409 ,  F02D41/14 ,  G01N27/406 ,  G06F15/20 ,  G01R27/00

CPC classification number: G01N27/4065 ,  F02D41/1476

Abstract: The internal resistance of a lambda probe is determined by: the application of a clocked direct-current counter voltage to the probe via a series resistor; the measurement of the output voltages with the counter voltage connected and disconnected; and, the calculation of the internal resistance from the measured values and known resistance values.Apart from the components of a conventional arrangement, this method requires only a series resistor and a switch for implementation. Measurement can be carried out at short time intervals without excessively high direct-current voltage loading which affects the service life.The internal resistance measured is compared with a desired resistance and the control deviation determined in this way is used to determine the duty factor for probe heating clocked with fixed frequency.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / DE89 / 00638 Sec。 371日期1991年04月22日 102（e）日期1991年4月22日PCT提交1989年10月6日PCT公布。 出版物WO90 / 04778 日期为1990年5月3日.λ探针的内阻由下式确定：通过串联电阻将时钟脉冲的直流电压施加到探头; 输出电压的测量与反电压连接断开; 以及根据测量值和已知电阻值计算内部电阻。 除了常规布置的部件之外，该方法仅需要串联电阻器和用于实现的开关。 测量可以在短时间间隔内进行，而不会导致过高的直流电压负载，从而影响使用寿命。 将所测量的内电阻与期望的电阻进行比较，以这种方式确定的控制偏差用于确定以固定频率计时的探头加热的占空比。

公开(公告)号：US5224345A

公开(公告)日：1993-07-06

申请号：US679050

申请日：1991-05-09

Applicant: Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Lothar Raff ,  Gunther Plapp ,  Cornelius Peter ,  Michael Westerdorf

Inventor： Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Lothar Raff ,  Gunther Plapp ,  Cornelius Peter ,  Michael Westerdorf

IPC: F02D41/14

CPC classification number: F02D41/1441 ,  F02D41/1456

Abstract: An arrangement for lambda control operates on an internal combustion engine (11) comprising a catalytic converter (12) and a lambda probe (13.v) mounted in front of the catalytic converter and a lambda probe (13.h) mounted behind the catalytic converter. The arrangement integrates by means of an integration means (15) the difference between the actual lambda value measured by the rear probe and the lambda desired value to which controlling is to be effected. The integration value is used as control desired value for a means (16) for lambda control. This arrangement and the associated method make it possible to control to the actually wanted lambda desired value even if the front lambda probe carries out incorrect measurements, for example because of hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas in front of the catalytic converter or, in the case of continuous-action control, faulty linearization of the probe characteristic.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / DE89 / 00164 Sec。 371日期1991年5月9日 102（e）日期1991年5月9日PCT 1989年3月17日PCT公布。 出版物WO90 / 05240 日期为1990年5月17日。用于λ控制的布置在内燃机（11）上操作，所述内燃机（11）包括催化转化器（12）和安装在催化转化器前面的λ探针（13.v）和λ探针（13。 h）安装在催化转化器后面。 该装置通过积分装置（15）集成由后探针测量的实际λ值与要进行控制的λ期望值之间的差值。 积分值被用作用于λ控制的装置（16）的控制期望值。 即使前面的λ探针执行不正确的测量，例如由于催化转化器前面的废气中的碳氢化合物，或者在 连续动作控制，探针特性线性化故障。

公开(公告)号：US5036819A

公开(公告)日：1991-08-06

申请号：US477976

申请日：1990-04-30

Applicant: Cornelius Peter ,  Gunther Plapp ,  Lothar Raff ,  Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Michael Westerdorf

Inventor： Cornelius Peter ,  Gunther Plapp ,  Lothar Raff ,  Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Michael Westerdorf

IPC: F02D41/14 ,  F02D45/00

CPC classification number: F02D41/1477 ,  F02D2041/1409 ,  F02D41/1441

Abstract: A control system for controlling the air/fuel ratio in an internal combustion engine 10, in which an oxygen probe (lambda probe) 13 is arranged in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 10, has a control device 12 for continuous control. The actual value of the air ratio lambda is determined via a measured probe output voltage in conjunction with an at least approximately predetermined probe-characteristic relationship 16 between the value of the probe output voltage and the value of the air ratio lambda associated therewith. After forming the difference of desired value and actual value of the air ratio lambda, the air/fuel ratio is controlled on the basis of this difference. Such a control system is used primarily in order to reduce the total emission of the main pollutant components of the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. In particular in the case of an internal combustion engine 10 with catalytic converter arranged in the exhaust gas, a maintenance of the air ratio lambda as accurate as possible necessary for optimum efficiency of the catalytic converter (lambda=1) is assured.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / DE88 / 00659 Sec。 371日期1990年04月30日 102（e）日期1990年4月30日PCT提交1988年10月26日PCT公布。 WO 89/4424 PCT公开号 日本1989年5月18日。一种用于控制内燃机10中的空燃比的控制系统，其中在内燃机10的排气中配置氧探头（λ探针）13，具有控制装置 12连续控制。 空气比λ的实际值通过测量的探头输出电压以及探针输出电压的值与与之相关联的空气比λ的值之间的至少近似预定的探针特性关系16来确定。 在形成空气比λ的期望值和实际值的差之后，基于该差来控制空燃比。 这种控制系统主要用于减少内燃机废气的主要污染物成分的总排放量。 特别是在具有设置在废气中的催化转化器的内燃机10的情况下，确保尽可能准确地维持催化转化器（λ= 1）的最佳效率所需的空气比λ。

公开(公告)号：US06245205B1

公开(公告)日：2001-06-12

申请号：US09379368

申请日：1999-08-23

Applicant: Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Lothar Raff

Inventor： Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Lothar Raff

IPC: G01N27409

CPC classification number: F02D41/1495

Abstract: The invention is directed to a diagnostic arrangement for a potentiometric, electrical exhaust-gas probe for the control of combustion processes with a periodic change of the composition of the combusting air/fuel mixture between oxygen deficiency and oxygen excess. The exhaust-gas probe is heated by an electric heater and outputs a probe signal when the exhaust-gas probe operates without fault which changes between a first region of high signal values (oxygen deficiency) and a second region of low signal values (oxygen excess) with the first region and the second region being separated by a third region of values. A fault announcement is outputted when the probe signal lies within the third region longer than a pregiven longest duration. A fault announcement is also outputted when changes of the current supplied to the electric heater occur within the pregiven longest duration and when the probe signal has temporarily left the third region of values after the change of the heater current.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于控制燃烧过程的电位计，电气排气探针的诊断装置，其中氧气缺氧和氧气过量之间的燃烧空气/燃料混合物的组成的周期性变化。 废气探头由电加热器加热，当排气探针无故障地操作时，输出探测信号，在高信号值（缺氧）的第一区域和低信号值的第二区域（氧气过量）之间发生变化 ），其中第一区域和第二区域被第三区域区分开。 当探测信号处于第三区域内时比输出最长持续时间更长的时间，输出故障通知。 当提供给电加热器的电流的变化发生在预先设定的最长持续时间内并且当探头信号在加热器电流改变之后暂时离开第三区域时，也输出故障通知。

公开(公告)号：US6034610A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-07

申请号：US114483

申请日：1998-07-13

Applicant: Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Erich Junginger ,  Lothar Raff

Inventor： Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Erich Junginger ,  Lothar Raff

IPC: G01N27/409 ,  F02B39/16 ,  F02D41/14 ,  G01N27/26 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G08B21/00

CPC classification number: F02B39/16 ,  F02D41/1455 ,  F02D41/1494 ,  F02D41/1495 ,  F02D41/1496 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/4163

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for monitoring the operation of a gas probe, such as a .lambda.-probe for an internal combustion engine. The .lambda.-probe has a probe ceramic (Nernst cell) and a probe heater. The internal resistance (x) of the probe ceramic is measured and a desired value (y) is determined in dependence upon the temperature of the gas to be detected and the heating power of the probe heater. The internal resistance (x) is then compared to the desired value (y) and, when the measured value of the internal resistance (x) exceeds the desired value (y), then a fault signal is generated and/or the fault signal is outputted and/or the fault signal is stored.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于监测气体探针（例如用于内燃机的λ探针）的操作的方法。 λ探针具有探针陶瓷（能斯特细胞）和探针加热器。 测量探针陶瓷的内阻（x），并根据被检测气体的温度和探针加热器的加热功率来确定期望值（y）。 然后将内部电阻（x）与期望值（y）进行比较，并且当内部电阻（x）的测量值超过期望值（y）时，产生故障信号和/或故障信号 输出和/或故障信号被存储。

公开(公告)号：US5586543A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-24

申请号：US372937

申请日：1995-01-17

Applicant: Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Lothar Raff ,  Klaus Hirschmann

Inventor： Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Lothar Raff ,  Klaus Hirschmann

IPC: F02D41/14

CPC classification number: F02D41/1481 ,  F02D41/1477

Abstract: A mixture controller for adjusting an output value, which is outputted by a PI two-point controller, to control the air/fuel ratio of a mixture supplied to an internal combustion engine to a pregiven value. The engine produces an exhaust-gas flow during operation and has an oxygen probe mounted in the exhaust-gas flow. The mixture controller continuously detects the signal of the oxygen probe to obtain sequential measurement values of the signal. A check is made as to whether a currently detected measurement value of the signal has crossed over a threshold value in the lean or rich direction compared to the previously detected measurement value of the signal. The output value is changed when a crossover of the signal in the lean direction is present by shifting the output value with a large step via a P-jump in the rich direction and starting an integration of the output value in the rich direction from a previous lean direction. The output value is also changed when a crossover of the signal in the rich direction is present by stopping the integration of the output value in the rich direction and starting an integration in the lean direction after a pregiven delay time has elapsed. The operation of the mixture controller is returned to checking after the output value has changed. A return of the operation of the mixture controller to the checking operation is inhibited until an inhibit time has elapsed.

Abstract translation: 一种用于调节由PI两点控制器输出的输出值以将提供给内燃机的混合物的空燃比控制为预定值的混合控制器。 发动机在运行期间产生废气流，并且具有安装在废气流中的氧探头。 混合控制器连续检测氧探头的信号，以获得信号的连续测量值。 检查当前检测到的信号测量值是否与先前检测到的信号测量值相比，在贫或富方向上超过阈值。 当通过在富方向上的P跳跃以大步进移位输出值并且从丰富方向的输出值的累积开始从前一个的丰富方向的积分时，输出值在倾斜方向上的信号的交叉存在时改变 倾斜方向 当通过在累积方向之后停止输出值的积分并且在经过预先设定的延迟时间之后开始在倾斜方向上的积分，当存在丰富方向上的信号的交叉时，输出值也改变。 混合控制器的运行在输出值发生变化后返回检查。 将混合控制器的操作返回到检查操作被禁止，直到经过禁止时间。