Nitrogen-doped silicon substantially free of oxidation induced stacking faults
    3.
    发明授权
    Nitrogen-doped silicon substantially free of oxidation induced stacking faults 有权
    基本上不含氧化诱导的堆垛层错的氮掺杂硅

    公开(公告)号:US07404856B2

    公开(公告)日:2008-07-29

    申请号:US11623142

    申请日:2007-01-15

    IPC分类号: C30B15/20

    摘要: The present invention relates to a process for forming single crystal silicon ingots or wafers that contain an axially symmetric region in which vacancies are the predominant intrinsic point defect, that are substantially free of oxidation induced stacking faults, and are nitrogen doped to stabilize oxygen precipitation nuclei therein.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及一种形成单晶硅锭或晶片的方法,该方法包含轴向对称区域,其中空位是主要的固有点缺陷,其基本上没有氧化诱导的堆垛层错,并且是氮掺杂以稳定氧沉淀核 其中。

    Controlled neck growth process for single crystal silicon
    5.
    发明授权
    Controlled neck growth process for single crystal silicon 有权
    单晶硅可控颈生长工艺

    公开(公告)号:US06869477B2

    公开(公告)日:2005-03-22

    申请号:US10204654

    申请日:2001-02-20

    IPC分类号: C30B15/00 C30B15/22

    CPC分类号: C30B29/06 C30B15/22

    摘要: A process for preparing a single crystal silicon in accordance with the Czochralski method, is provided. More specifically, by quickly reducing the pull rate at least once during the growth of the neck portion of the single crystal ingot, in order to change the melt/solid interface shape from a concave to a convex shape, the present process enables zero dislocation growth to be achieved in a large diameter neck within a comparably short neck length, such that large diameter ingots of substantial weight can be produced safely and at a high throughput.

    摘要翻译: 提供了一种根据Czochralski法制备单晶硅的方法。 更具体地,通过在单晶锭的颈部生长期间快速降低拉伸速率至少一次,为了将熔体/固体界面形状从凹形变为凸形,本方法使零位错生长 在相当短的颈部长度的大直径颈部中实现,使得可以安全地且以高产量生产重量大的大直径锭。

    Apparatus for monitoring and controlling a welding phenomenon in an
electric resistance welding
    6.
    发明授权
    Apparatus for monitoring and controlling a welding phenomenon in an electric resistance welding 失效
    用于监测和控制电阻焊接中的焊接现象的装置

    公开(公告)号:US4254323A

    公开(公告)日:1981-03-03

    申请号:US916075

    申请日:1978-06-16

    IPC分类号: B23K11/25 B23K11/06

    CPC分类号: B23K11/252

    摘要: An apparatus for monitoring and controlling a welding phenomenon in an electric resistance welding process, which comprises a welding characteristics measuring instrument for carrying out digital measurement of at least one of high frequency welding characteristics, a welding phenomenon monitor circuit for detecting variations in the welding characteristics, and a welding phenomenon controller circuit for automatically adjusting a parameter of a welding power source or other welding conditions, wherein the welding characteristics include an oscillating frequency and an oscillating period of a high frequency used for the welding, and a phase difference between a high frequency voltage and a current. Changes in the welding characteristics occur in correspondence with the occurrence of periodic fluctuations in the shape of the high frequency welding current circuit formed in the material to be welded during high frequency electric resistance welding process.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于监测和控制电阻焊接过程中的焊接现象的装置,其包括用于执行高频焊接特性中的至少一个的数字测量的焊接特性测量仪器,用于检测焊接特性变化的焊接现象监测电路 以及用于自动调整焊接电源的参数或其他焊接条件的焊接现象控制器电路,其中焊接特性包括用于焊接的高频的振荡频率和振荡周期,以及高频之间的相位差 频率电压和电流。 焊接特性的变化与在高频电阻焊接过程中形成在待焊接材料中的高频焊接电流电路的形状的周期性波动的发生相对应地发生。

    High toughness steel
    7.
    发明授权
    High toughness steel 失效
    高韧性钢

    公开(公告)号:US4842816A

    公开(公告)日:1989-06-27

    申请号:US77976

    申请日:1987-07-27

    CPC分类号: C22C38/14

    摘要: A steel composition particularly suitable for the manufacture of electric resistance welded pipes for use in most hostile environments and able to display excellent sour resistance and high toughness. The aluminum content of the steel composition is reduced to not more than 0.005%, while from 0.006 to 0.2% in total of one or both of titanium and zirconium is used instead for steel containing 0.0005 to 0.008% Ca. The steel, apart from iron and unavoidable impurities further contains:0.01 to 0.35% C0.02 to 0.5% Si0.1 to 1.8% Mnnot more than 0.015% P, andnot more than 0.003% SCu, Ni, Cr, Mo, Nb and V may be added in appropriate amounts to enhance the steel performance.

    摘要翻译: 一种钢组合物,特别适用于制造用于大多数恶劣环境的电阻焊管,能够显示出优异的耐酸性和高韧性。 钢组合物的铝含量降低到不超过0.005%,而代替含有0.0005至0.008%Ca.a的钢代替钛和锆中的一种或两种,从0.006至0.2%。 除了铁和不可避免的杂质之外,钢还含有:0.01〜0.35%的C 0.02〜0.5%的Si 0.1〜1.8%的Mn不大于0.015%的P,不超过0.003%的S Cu,Ni,Cr,Mo,Nb 并且可以以适当的量添加V以提高钢的性能。

    Highly tough ERW steel pipe with distinguished sour resistance
    8.
    发明授权
    Highly tough ERW steel pipe with distinguished sour resistance 失效
    高耐磨ERW钢管具有卓越的耐酸性

    公开(公告)号:US4804021A

    公开(公告)日:1989-02-14

    申请号:US124863

    申请日:1987-11-24

    摘要: A highly tough, ERW steel pipe having a distinguished sour resistance is disclosed. The steel pipe is prepared from steel for production of ERW steel pipe containing 0.01 to 0.35% by weight of C; 0.02 to 0.5% by weight of Si; 0.1 to 1.8% by weight of Mn; more than 0.005% to 0.05% by weight of Al; 0.0005 to 0.008% by weight of Ca; 0.001 to 0.015% by weight of Zr; not more than 0.015% by weight of P; and not more than 0.003% by weight of S; a ratio of Zr/Al or (Ti+Zr)/Al being less than 2 by weight; or further containing (A) at least one of 0.2 to 0.6% by weight of Cu, 0.1 to 1.0% by weight of Ni and 0.2 to 3.0% by weight of Cr, and/or (B) at least one of 0.10 to 1.0% by weight of Mo, 0.01 to 0.15% by weight of Nb, 0.005 to 0.10% by weight of Ti and 0.01 to 0.15% by weight of V; the balance being Fe and impurities as a steel material; and the steel pipe has a welding part in which the content of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 contained in inclusions at welding heat affected zone is not more than 50% by weight.

    摘要翻译: 公开了具有显着耐酸性的高韧性ERW钢管。 钢管由钢制成,用于生产含有0.01〜0.35重量%的C的ERW钢管; 0.02〜0.5重量%的Si; 0.1〜1.8重量%的Mn; 大于0.005重量%至0.05重量%的Al; 0.0005〜0.008重量%的Ca; 0.001〜0.015重量%的Zr; 不大于0.015重量%的P; 和不大于0.003重量%的S; Zr / Al或(Ti + Zr)/ Al的重量比小于2; 或进一步含有(A)0.2〜0.6重量%的Cu,0.1〜1.0重量%的Ni和0.2〜3.0重量%的Cr中的至少一种,和/或(B)0.10〜1.0中的至少一种 Mo的重量%,Nb:0.01〜0.15重量%,Ti:0.005〜0.10重量%,V:0.01-0.15重量% 余量为Fe,杂质为钢材; 并且钢管具有焊接热影响区的夹杂物中所含的Al 2 O 3的含量不大于50重量%的焊接部。

    Method for manufacturing spiral-welded steel pipe
    10.
    发明授权
    Method for manufacturing spiral-welded steel pipe 失效
    制造螺旋焊接钢管的方法

    公开(公告)号:US4645893A

    公开(公告)日:1987-02-24

    申请号:US783042

    申请日:1985-09-30

    IPC分类号: B23K11/08 B23K11/30 B23K11/06

    CPC分类号: B23K11/3036 B23K11/084

    摘要: In the manufacture of spiral-welded steel pipe, material strip or plate is fed in its longitudinal direction and continuously formed into spiral pipe form. One side-edge of the strip and the other side-edge of the strip that has already been spirally formed are welded together by the electric-resistance method where they meet. The edges of the strip and formed pipe are held together simultaneously with or immediately after the electric-resistance welding from both inside and outside the pipe using a pair of pressure rolls. The bead formed as a result of the electric-resistance welding is reformed simultaneously with or immediately after the holding by the pressure rolls is accomplished. Then, the electric-resistance welded side-ends are welded again by the arc method.

    摘要翻译: 在螺旋焊接钢管的制造中,材料条或板沿纵向进给,并连续形成螺旋形管。 已经螺旋地形成的条的一个侧边缘和带的另一个侧边缘通过它们相遇的电阻方法焊接在一起。 使用一对压力辊将带材和成形管的边缘与管内部和外部的电阻焊接同时或紧随其后保持在一起。 作为电阻焊接的结果形成的焊道与压辊同时或立即重新实施。 然后,通过电弧法再次焊接电阻焊接侧端。