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公开(公告)号：US07061443B2
公开(公告)日：2006-06-13
申请号：US10815274
申请日：2004-04-01
IPC分类号： H01Q13/10
CPC分类号： H01Q21/005
摘要： A millimeter wave (MMW) antenna array includes a continuous transverse stub (CTS) radiating aperture comprising a set of spaced continuous transverse stubs, each having a longitudinal extent. A series feed system is coupled to an excitation source for exciting the stubs with MMW electromagnetic energy having a linear phase progression along the longitudinal extent of the stubs to produce an array beam which can be scanned over a beam scan range by changing the excitation frequency.
摘要翻译： 毫米波（MMW）天线阵列包括连续横向短截线（CTS）辐射孔，其包括一组间隔开的连续横向短截线，每个具有纵向延伸。 串联馈送系统耦合到激励源，用于以沿着短截线的纵向范围具有线性相位前进的MMW电磁能激发短截线，以产生可以通过改变激励频率在波束扫描范围上扫描的阵列波束。
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公开(公告)号：US20080225375A1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-18
申请号：US12148392
申请日：2008-04-18
IPC分类号： G02F1/01
摘要： A system for scanning an antenna array of the present invention. The system includes a first mechanism for modulating a desired signal on an optical carrier signal. The first mechanism includes a frequency-tunable optical oscillator with a phase shifter for changing an output frequency of the optical oscillator. A second mechanism employs the optical carrier signal to derive signals having predetermined phase relationships. A third mechanism receives the feed signals and radiates corresponding transmit signals in response thereto to the antenna array to steer the array. In more specific embodiment, the desired signal is a Radio Frequency (RF) signal, and the phase shifter is an electrically controlled optical RF phase shifter. The optical carrier signal includes a first optical carrier signal and a second optical carrier signal. The frequency-tunable optical oscillator includes a first tunable optical oscillator for providing the first optical carrier signal and a second tunable optical oscillator for providing the second optical carrier signal. The first and second optical oscillators include first and second optical RF phase shifters, respectively, that include feedback paths having optical and electrical sections.
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公开(公告)号：US07391367B2
公开(公告)日：2008-06-24
申请号：US10953145
申请日：2004-09-28
IPC分类号： H01Q3/34
CPC分类号： H01Q3/2676
摘要： A system for scanning an antenna array of the present invention. The system includes a first mechanism for modulating a desired signal on an optical carrier signal. The first mechanism includes a frequency-tunable optical oscillator with a phase shifter for changing an output frequency of the optical oscillator. A second mechanism employs the optical carrier signal to derive signals having predetermined phase relationships. A third mechanism receives the feed signals and radiates corresponding transmit signals in response thereto to the antenna array to steer the array. In more specific embodiment, the desired signal is a Radio Frequency (RF) signal, and the phase shifter is an electrically controlled optical RF phase shifter. The optical carrier signal includes a first optical carrier signal and a second optical carrier signal. The frequency-tunable optical oscillator includes a first tunable optical oscillator for providing the first optical carrier signal and a second tunable optical oscillator for providing the second optical carrier signal. The first and second optical oscillators include first and second optical RF phase shifters, respectively, that include feedback paths having optical and electrical sections.
摘要翻译： 一种用于扫描本发明的天线阵列的系统。 该系统包括用于调制光载波信号上的期望信号的第一机构。 第一机构包括具有用于改变光学振荡器的输出频率的移相器的频率可调谐的光学振荡器。 第二种机制采用光载波信号来导出具有预定相位关系的信号。 第三机构接收馈送信号并且响应于天线阵列辐射相应的发射信号以引导阵列。 在更具体的实施例中，期望的信号是射频（RF）信号，移相器是电控光学RF移相器。 光载波信号包括第一光载波信号和第二光载波信号。 频率可调谐光学振荡器包括用于提供第一光载波信号的第一可调谐光学振荡器和用于提供第二光载波信号的第二可调谐光振荡器。 第一和第二光学振荡器分别包括第一和第二光学RF移相器，其包括具有光学和电气部分的反馈路径。
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公开(公告)号：US5400162A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-21
申请号：US145949
申请日：1993-10-29
申请人： Irwin L. Newberg , Richard C. Lind , Gregory L. Tangonan , Huan W. Yen , Willie W. Ng , Jar J. Lee , Andrew A. Walston , Michael Wechsberg
发明人： Irwin L. Newberg , Richard C. Lind , Gregory L. Tangonan , Huan W. Yen , Willie W. Ng , Jar J. Lee , Andrew A. Walston , Michael Wechsberg
CPC分类号： H04Q11/0003 , H01Q3/2676 , G02B6/2861 , H04Q2011/0015 , H04Q2011/002 , H04Q2011/0039
摘要： Optoelectronic switching apparatus employing optoelectronic switching devices interconnected by optical media having different delay lengths and an multiport optical coupler. The optoelectronic switching apparatus provides for a multibit true-time-delay beamsteerer for beamsteering phased array antennas. The present invention combines two types of optoelectronic devices, lasers and photodiode switches, using an interconnected passive optical network comprising the optical fibers and the optical coupler. The switches, and input and output signal networks coupled to the respective switches, are controlled using a control signal generator. Using this scheme, any input can be independently selected and a signal can be routed to any output. Furthermore, the product of the total number of different interconnect paths (N.times.M) is provided which provides a greater number of delay lengths than is provided by using only one type of switch (i.e. laser (N) or photodiode (M)) alone. The present invention also provides for improved insertion loss while increasing the number of delay paths.
摘要翻译： 使用通过具有不同延迟长度的光学介质互连的光电开关装置的光电开关装置和多端口光耦合器。 光电开关装置提供用于波束导向相控阵天线的多位真实时间延迟波束整形器。 本发明使用包括光纤和光耦合器的互连无源光网络结合了两种类型的光电子器件，激光器和光电二极管开关。 耦合到相应开关的开关以及输入和输出信号网络使用控制信号发生器进行控制。 使用此方案，可以独立选择任何输入，并将信号路由到任何输出。 此外，提供了不同的互连路径（NxM）的总数的乘积，其提供比仅通过仅使用一种类型的开关（即，激光（N）或光电二极管（M））提供的更多数量的延迟长度。 本发明还提供了增加插入损耗的同时增加延迟路径的数量。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5493304A
公开(公告)日：1996-02-20
申请号：US315007
申请日：1994-09-29
申请人： Jar J. Lee , Stan W. Livingston , Irwin L. Newberg
发明人： Jar J. Lee , Stan W. Livingston , Irwin L. Newberg
CPC分类号： G01S7/4052 , H01Q3/267 , G01S2007/4091 , G01S2007/4095
摘要： A calibration and diagnostic system and method for evaluating the performance of a wide band array utilizing a true-time-delay beamforming network. A short pulse typically on the order of a 2 nanoseconds is synthesized by transmission of a large number of discrete, equally spaced frequencies over the bandwidth over a short period of time, during which the system response (amplitude and phase) is measured and stored in a computer. The collected data is then transformed into the time domain to demonstrate the range resolution of the system. By signal injection with a built-in calibration system, the setting of each programmable delay line of the array can be calibrated. A fiber-optic test set is used as a transponder in the far field to perform complete end-to-end tests of the array system.
摘要翻译： 一种用于利用真实时间延迟波束成形网络评估宽带阵列的性能的校准和诊断系统和方法。 通常在短时间内通过在带宽上传输大量离散的等间隔的频率来合成通常在2纳秒级的短脉冲，在此期间系统响应（振幅和相位）被测量并存储在 一台电脑。 然后将收集的数据转换为时域，以演示系统的范围分辨率。 通过内置校准系统的信号注入，可以校准阵列的每个可编程延迟线的设置。 光纤测试仪被用作远场中的应答器，以对阵列系统执行完整的端到端测试。
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公开(公告)号：US20100097277A1
公开(公告)日：2010-04-22
申请号：US12462709
申请日：2009-08-07
申请人： Jar J. Lee , Clifton Quan , Stanley W. Livingston
发明人： Jar J. Lee , Clifton Quan , Stanley W. Livingston
IPC分类号： H01Q1/28
CPC分类号： H01Q1/1292 , H01Q1/286 , H01Q3/46 , H01Q5/42 , H01Q21/0018
摘要： A space-fed conformal array for a high altitude airship includes a primary array lens assembly adapted for conformal mounting to a non-planar airship surface. The lens assembly includes a first set of radiator elements and a second set of radiator elements, the first set and the second set spaced apart by a spacing distance. The first set of radiators faces outwardly from the airship surface to provide a radiating aperture. The second set of radiators faces inwardly toward an inner space of the airship, for illumination by a feed array spaced from the second set of radiators.
摘要翻译： 用于高空飞艇的空间馈电保形阵列包括适于安装到非平面飞艇表面的主阵列透镜组件。 透镜组件包括第一组散热器元件和第二组散热器元件，第一组和第二组间隔开间隔距离。 第一组散热器从飞艇表面向外面向外提供辐射孔。 第二组散热器向内朝向飞艇的内部空间，用于通过与第二组散热器间隔开的进给阵列进行照明。
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公开(公告)号：US20090128430A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-21
申请号：US09771300
申请日：2001-01-25
申请人： Jar J. Lee , Stan W. Livingston
发明人： Jar J. Lee , Stan W. Livingston
CPC分类号： H01Q1/281 , H01Q1/286 , H01Q15/006 , H01Q21/067
摘要： A conformal end-fire antenna with a high impedance ground surface structure and an array of radiating elements formed thereon. The ground surface structure includes an array of metal protrusions on a electrically conductive sheet, the metal protrusions arranged in a two-dimensional lattice. The ground surface structure acts as a magnetic surface at an RF frequency band of interest, functioning as an electrical short at DC, and as a mirror which reflects an RF field in the frequency band with virtually no phase reversal.
摘要翻译： 具有高阻抗地表面结构和形成在其上的辐射元件阵列的共形终端天线。 地表结构包括在导电片上的金属突起阵列，金属突起以二维晶格布置。 地表面结构充当感兴趣的RF频带处的磁性表面，用作DC的电短路，并且作为在几乎没有反相的频带中反射RF场的反射镜。
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公开(公告)号：US06849924B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-01
申请号：US10143180
申请日：2002-05-09
申请人： Robert C. Allison , Jar J. Lee
发明人： Robert C. Allison , Jar J. Lee
CPC分类号： H01H67/22 , H01H1/0036 , H01L2224/48095 , H01L2224/48227 , H01L2224/49109 , H01L2924/15192 , H01L2924/30111 , H01P1/127 , H01L2924/00014 , H01L2924/00
摘要： A multilayer switching assembly for switching high frequency signals has MEMS structures on a ceramic substrate having a top surface, a bottom surface and a plurality of insulating layers. The insulating layers are separated by a first conductor and a second conductor. The first conductor is connected to a ground potential. The second conductor is separated from the first conductor by one of the insulating layers. The second conductor presents a specific impedance (50 ohms) with respect to the first conductor to high frequency signals traveling on the second conductor.64 MEMS structures are mounted on the top surface. Each MEMS has an input, an output, and a control. The input connected to the second conductor. The output is connected to a coplanar waveguide placed on the top surface. The control is connected to the bottom surface.The input to each MEMS is electrically shielded from the output and from the control by a third conductor connected to the first (grounded) conductor. The third conductor traverses one or more of the insulating layers thereby acting as a shield and precluding the high frequency signals presented to the input from propagating to the output and to the control. The 64 MEMS are arranged in a square 8 by 8 matrix, as well as their controls. High frequency inputs and outputs to be switched by the MEMS are placed on the periphery of the substrate to further enhance the separation of signals. Terminating resistors (50 ohms) are also placed near the periphery.
摘要翻译： 用于切换高频信号的多层开关组件在具有顶表面，底表面和多个绝缘层的陶瓷基板上具有MEMS结构。 绝缘层由第一导体和第二导体隔开。 第一个导体连接到地电位。 第二导体通过绝缘层之一与第一导体分离。 第二导体相对于第一导体具有特定的阻抗（50欧姆）到在第二导体上行进的高频信号.64 MEMS结构安装在顶表面上。 每个MEMS都有一个输入，一个输出和一个控制。 输入连接到第二导体。 输出端连接到位于顶面上的共面波导管。 控制器连接到底表面。每个MEMS的输入端通过连接到第一（接地）导体的第三导体与输出端和控制器电屏蔽。 第三导体横穿绝缘层中的一个或多个，从而用作屏蔽，并且阻止呈现给输入端的高频信号传播到输出端和控制端。 64个MEMS被排列成方形8×8矩阵，以及它们的控制。 通过MEMS切换的高频输入和输出被放置在基板的周边上，以进一步增强信号的分离。 终端电阻（50欧姆）也放置在外围附近。
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公开(公告)号：US5600286A
公开(公告)日：1997-02-04
申请号：US315008
申请日：1994-09-29
申请人： Stan W. Livingston , Jar J. Lee
发明人： Stan W. Livingston , Jar J. Lee
CPC分类号： H01P5/08
摘要： A transmission line-to-waveguide transition that includes a microstrip impedance transformer for matching the impedance of an input transmission line to that of a flared slotline is disclosed. The slotline's width is sufficiently small such that when the transition is inserted into a waveguide the slotline is spaced inward from the waveguide's inner walls. A balun bi-directionally couples the unbalanced signal on the microstrip to a balanced signal on the slotline. The signal propagates along the slotline and is capacitively coupled to the waveguide. A trimmable tuning stub is used to adjust the resonant frequency of a parasitic cavity formed between the transition and the waveguide to increase the transition's effective bandwidth. A tapered dielectric insert is positioned inside the waveguide to decrease its size and to improve the coupling efficiency of the transition.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种包括用于将输入传输线的阻抗与扩口槽线的阻抗匹配的微带阻抗变换器的传输线到波导转变。 槽槽的宽度足够小，使得当过渡件插入波导时，槽线从波导的内壁向内间隔开。 平衡 - 不平衡变压器将微带上的不平衡信号双向耦合到槽线上的平衡信号。 信号沿着槽线传播并且电容耦合到波导。 可调谐调谐短线用于调整形成在转换和波导之间的寄生空腔的谐振频率，以增加转换的有效带宽。 锥形电介质插入件位于波导内部以减小其尺寸并提高过渡的耦合效率。
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公开(公告)号：US20110221644A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-15
申请号：US12722397
申请日：2010-03-11
CPC分类号： H01Q9/0421 , H01Q19/005 , H01Q21/061
摘要： A dual-patch antenna includes a ground plane, a first patch plate parallel to and separated from the ground plane by a separation distance, and a second patch plate separated from the ground plane by the separation distance. The first and second patch plates are coplanar and separated by a radiating slot. An excitation probe isolatedly passes through the ground plane and connects to the first patch plate. A first wall connects an edge of the first patch plate to the ground plane. The first wall is located approximately ¼ wavelength of a mid-band operating frequency from the radiating slot. A second wall connects an edge of the second patch plate to the ground plane. The second wall is located approximately ¼ wavelength of the mid-band operating frequency from the radiating slot. The dual-patch antennas may be organized in an array.
摘要翻译： 双拼接天线包括接地平面，与接地平面平行并与之分开的间隔距离的第一拼接板和与接地平面隔开间隔距离的第二拼接板。 第一和第二贴片板共面并由辐射槽隔开。 激发探头隔离通过接地平面并连接到第一个贴片板。 第一壁将第一贴片板的边缘连接到接地平面。 第一个墙壁距离辐射槽位于中频带工作频率的大约1/4波长处。 第二壁将第二贴片的边缘连接到接地平面。 第二个墙壁距辐射槽位于中频带工作频率的大约1/4波长处。 双层天线可以组织成阵列。
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