公开(公告)号：US4596631A

公开(公告)日：1986-06-24

申请号：US608191

申请日：1984-05-08

申请人： J. Robert Prough ,  Louis O. Torregrossa ,  Ake Backlund

发明人： J. Robert Prough ,  Louis O. Torregrossa ,  Ake Backlund

IPC分类号： D21D5/00 ,  D21F1/00 ,  D21D5/18 ,  D21D5/28

CPC分类号： D21F1/0018 ,  D21D5/00

摘要： The latency of mechanical pulp is removed in a quick and simple manner. After refining of comminuted cellulosic material to produce mechanical pulp, the pulp is diluted (if necessary) to a consistency of between about 8-25%, and the pulp is then merely pumped to a further treatment stage. Pumping is effected utilizing a centrifugal pump which fluidizes the pulp, the fluidization imparting sufficient energy to the pulp to remove the latent properties. The pulp may be pumped to a storage stage prior to passage to a screening stage, and can be pumped in a direct (non-return) path from the pump to the screening stage. If desired or necessary, a portion of the pumped pulp can be recirculated and pumped again to ensure that sufficient energy is imparted thereto to effect latency removal.

摘要翻译： 机械纸浆的潜伏期以快速简单的方式去除。 在粉碎的纤维素材料精制以产生机械纸浆后，将纸浆稀释（如果需要）至约8-25％的稠度，然后将纸浆泵送到另外的处理阶段。 使用离心泵来实现泵送，该离心泵使纸浆流化，流化赋予纸浆足够的能量以去除潜在性能。 纸浆可以在通过筛选阶段之前被泵送到储存阶段，并且可以在从泵到筛选阶段的直接（非返回）路径中泵送。 如果需要或需要，一部分泵送的纸浆可以再循环并再次泵送，以确保赋予足够的能量以实现等待时间的去除。

公开(公告)号：US5338366A

公开(公告)日：1994-08-16

申请号：US997711

申请日：1993-01-04

申请人： Todd S. Grace ,  Mark D. Barrett ,  Vic L. Bilodeau ,  Gary L. McCarty ,  Brian F. Greenwood ,  J. Robert Prough ,  Louis O. Torregrossa

发明人： Todd S. Grace ,  Mark D. Barrett ,  Vic L. Bilodeau ,  Gary L. McCarty ,  Brian F. Greenwood ,  J. Robert Prough ,  Louis O. Torregrossa

IPC分类号： C12P7/10 ,  C13B10/14 ,  C13K13/00 ,  D21C1/04 ,  C13D1/14 ,  D21B1/12

CPC分类号： C13B10/14 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C13K13/00 ,  D21C1/04 ,  Y02E50/16

摘要： Biomass, such as bagasse, is pre-hydrolyzed, to ultimately effect hydrolysis of hemicellulose to sugars. Biomass is mixed with a mineral acid solution to form a slurry having a consistency of about 8 to 12% so that the acid solution properly wets the biomass. Then the slurry is dewatered to about 35 to 50% consistency, and is heated to reaction temperature (e. g. about 320.degree. F.) by direct contact with steam in the vapor phase of a vertical pressurized reactor, having a pressure of about 40 psig. A fluffer is preferably provided in the top of the reaction vessel. After a reaction time of about 30 minutes, the biomass is diluted and cold blown out of the bottom of the reactor. Pressate from the dewatering has acid added to it and is heated by indirect heat exchange with a sugar solution obtained by washing of the biomass discharged from the reactor, and is then mixed with the biomass as the acid solution.

摘要翻译： 生物质如甘蔗渣被预水解，以最终将半纤维素水解成糖。 将生物质与无机酸溶液混合以形成具有约8至12％浓度的浆料，使得酸溶液适当地润湿生物质。 然后将浆料脱水至约35％至50％的稠度，并通过与垂直加压反应器的气相中的蒸汽直接接触将其加热至反应温度（例如约320°F），压力为约40psig。 优选在反应容器的顶部设置起绒毛。 在约30分钟的反应时间后，将生物质稀释并冷却从反应器的底部吹出。 从脱水中加入酸加入，并通过与通过洗涤从反应器排出的生物质洗涤得到的糖溶液进行间接热交换加热，然后与作为酸溶液的生物质混合。

公开(公告)号：US4577974A

公开(公告)日：1986-03-25

申请号：US607309

申请日：1984-05-04

申请人： J. Robert Prough ,  Louis O. Torregrossa

发明人： J. Robert Prough ,  Louis O. Torregrossa

IPC分类号： B01F7/00 ,  B01F7/02

CPC分类号： B01F7/00908

摘要： A mixer apparatus, and procedure, for mixing medium consistency (e.g., 6-15%) paper pulp, or like fibrous suspension, minimizes the power necessary to effect fluidization, and minimizes the speed for rotation of the rotor to effect fluidization. This is accomplished by preventing the formation of a shadow behind the rotor ribs as they rotate within the mixer housing, and similarly by preventing the formation of a shadow behind the stationary ribs formed on the housing (and cooperating with the rotating ribs). Such shadows are prevented by providing one wall of each of the ribs--the trailing wall in the direction of rotation of the rotor--so that it is sloped, and fills the volume the shadow would occupy.

摘要翻译： 用于混合介质稠度（例如6-15％）纸浆或类似的纤维悬浮液的混合器装置和方法使得实现流化所需的功率最小化，并使转子的旋转速度最小化以实现流化。 这是通过防止在混合器壳体内旋转时在转子肋后面形成阴影而实现的，并且类似地通过防止在形成在壳体上的固定肋（并与旋转肋配合）之后形成阴影。 通过提供每个肋的一个壁 - 转子的旋转方向上的后壁 - 使得其倾斜，并且填充阴影将占据的体积来防止这种阴影。

公开(公告)号：US5116488A

公开(公告)日：1992-05-26

申请号：US573978

申请日：1990-08-28

申请人： Louis O. Torregrossa

发明人： Louis O. Torregrossa

IPC分类号： B03D1/14 ,  B04C5/10 ,  B04C5/103 ,  B04C5/14 ,  D21D5/00 ,  D21D5/18

CPC分类号： B03D1/1425 ,  B03D1/1431 ,  B03D1/1475 ,  B03D1/1493 ,  B04C5/10 ,  B04C5/103 ,  B04C5/14 ,  B03D1/1412

摘要： A hydrocyclone establishes a first vortex of fluent material at one end (e.g. in a top portion), and a second vortex at the other end (e.g. in a bottom portion). The first vortex is established within a porous surface of revolution to which gas or other fluid is supplied, passing through the porous surface into the first vortex. The second vortex is established by a conical end section extending outwardly from (e.g. below) the porous surface, and with an axial (e.g. bottom) discharge for fluent material. Some fluent material--for example having heavy particles--is removed tangentially from the conical end section at a portion near the porous surface of revolution. A conical shroud having a circumferential periphery is mounted by a number of spaced legs connected between the shroud and the conical bottom section so that fluent material may pass between the circumferential periphery of the shroud and the porous surface of revolution. An axial gas passage is provided in the shroud to allow gas to escape from the second vortex into the first vortex, and ultimately out the first end (e.g. top) of the hydrocyclone. A plenum surrounding the porous surface of revolution may be divided into two or more axial portions, and liquid can be introduced into one of the plenum portions so that it experiences a pressure drop as it passes through the porous surface of revolution, thereby causing small bubbles to form.

公开(公告)号：US4295927A

公开(公告)日：1981-10-20

申请号：US48917

申请日：1979-06-15

申请人： Jozef M. Bentvelzen ,  Michael D. Meredith ,  Henry Bepple ,  Louis O. Torregrossa ,  Howard R. Battan ,  Dennis H. Justice

发明人： Jozef M. Bentvelzen ,  Michael D. Meredith ,  Henry Bepple ,  Louis O. Torregrossa ,  Howard R. Battan ,  Dennis H. Justice

IPC分类号： D21B1/16 ,  D21B1/34 ,  D21C9/00 ,  D21C9/10 ,  D21D1/30 ,  D21D5/28

CPC分类号： D21C9/004 ,  D21B1/16 ,  D21B1/342 ,  D21C9/1068 ,  D21D1/30

摘要： A wood pump slurry is treated with oxygen in a mill with little change to the process or structure of the mill. No special pressure tanks are required. The consistency of the pulp need not be altered for the treatment step. It may be treated at the usual process consistency of the pulp; e.g., it may be treated at the usual consistency of the pulp leaving a washer or subsequent steam mixer without additional dewatering or additional dilution.The oxygen is added into a closed section of the system so that it cannot immediately vent to the atmosphere. Alkali should also be present when the oxygen is mixed with the slurry. The mixing should occur near to the point of oxygen addition.The oxygen is inserted into the pulp slurry and mixed with the pulp slurry between a washer and the subsequent storage tank.The mixing occurs in a relatively small mixter that intensively mixes the slurry and gas. The mixer has a mixing zone with a swept area of 10,000 to 1,000,000 square meters per metric ton of oven-dry pulp. A preferred range is 25,000 to 150,000 square meters per metric ton of oven-dry pulp and an optimum range of around 65,400 square meters per metric ton of oven-dry pulp.Other systems and specific mixer designs are also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 在磨机中用氧气处理木浆泵浆料，对轧机的工艺或结构几乎没有变化。 不需要特殊的压力罐。 对于处理步骤，不需要改变纸浆的稠度。 可以按照纸浆的通常工艺一致性进行处理; 例如，可以以离开洗涤器或随后的蒸汽混合器的纸浆的通常稠度进行处理，而无需额外的脱水或额外的稀释。 将氧气加入系统的封闭部分，使其不能立即排放到大气中。 当氧气与浆料混合时，碱也应存在。 混合应发生在加氧附近。 将氧气插入纸浆中并与浆料在洗涤器和随后的储罐之间混合。 混合发生在相当小的混合器中，其密集地混合浆料和气体。 混合器具有混合区，扫地面积为10,000至100万平方米，每公吨烘干纸浆。 每公吨烘干纸浆的优选范围是25,000至15万平方米，每公吨干燥纸浆的最佳范围约为65,400平方米。 还公开了其他系统和特定混合器设计。

公开(公告)号：US4298427A

公开(公告)日：1981-11-03

申请号：US48947

申请日：1979-06-15

申请人： Jozef M. Bentvelzen ,  Michael D. Meredith ,  Louis O. Torregrossa ,  Henry Bepple

发明人： Jozef M. Bentvelzen ,  Michael D. Meredith ,  Louis O. Torregrossa ,  Henry Bepple

IPC分类号： D21C9/10

CPC分类号： D21C9/1068

摘要： A wood pulp slurry is treated with oxygen in a mill with little change to the process or structure of the mill. No special pressure tanks are rquired. The consistency of the pulp need not be altered for the treatment step. It may be treated at the usual process consistency of the pulp; e.g., it may be treated at the usual consistency of the pulp leaving a washer or subsequent steam mixer without additional dewatering or additional dilution.The oxygen is added into a closed section of the system so that it cannot immediately vent to the atmosphere. Alkali should also be present when the oxygen is mixed with the slurry. The mixing should occur near to the point of oxygen addition.An existing extraction stage within the system may be used as a source of alkali. In an existing extraction stage, the mixer and upstream oxygen line would be placed in the line between the steam mixer and the extraction tower.The mixing occurs in a relatively small mixer that intensively mixes the slurry and the gas. The mixer has a mixing zone with a swept area of 10,000 to 1,000,000 square meters per metric ton of oven-dry pulp. A preferred range is 25,000 to 150,000 square meters per metric ton of oven-dry pulp and an optimum range of around 65,400 square meters per metric ton of oven-dry pulp.Other systems and specific mixer designs are also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 在磨机中用氧气处理木浆浆料，对轧机的工艺或结构几乎没有变化。 没有特殊的压力罐被打。 对于处理步骤，不需要改变纸浆的稠度。 可以按照纸浆的通常工艺一致性进行处理; 例如，可以以离开洗涤器或随后的蒸汽混合器的纸浆的通常稠度进行处理，而无需额外的脱水或额外的稀释。 将氧气加入系统的封闭部分，使其不能立即排放到大气中。 当氧气与浆料混合时，碱也应存在。 混合应发生在加氧附近。 系统内的现有萃取阶段可用作碱源。 在现有的萃取阶段，混合器和上游氧气管线将被置于蒸汽混合器和萃取塔之间的管线中。 混合发生在相当小的混合器中，其密集地混合浆料和气体。 混合器具有混合区，扫地面积为10,000至100万平方米，每公吨烘干纸浆。 每公吨烘干纸浆的优选范围是25,000至15万平方米，每公吨干燥纸浆的最佳范围约为65,400平方米。 还公开了其他系统和特定混合器设计。

公开(公告)号：US4216054A

公开(公告)日：1980-08-05

申请号：US836449

申请日：1977-09-26

申请人： Jozef M. Bentvelzen ,  Steven L. Bogart ,  Maharaj K. Gupta ,  William T. McKean ,  Michael D. Meredith ,  Louis O. Torregrossa

发明人： Jozef M. Bentvelzen ,  Steven L. Bogart ,  Maharaj K. Gupta ,  William T. McKean ,  Michael D. Meredith ,  Louis O. Torregrossa

IPC分类号： D21C9/10

CPC分类号： D21C9/1073

摘要： A slurry of cellulosic fiber and water having a consistency in the range of 0.017-4.9% of the total ungassed weight of fiber and water is bleached with ozone. This is done without the usual addition of organic additives. The water can include impurities created by the bleaching process. Rapid reaction times under 8 minutes and preferably under 5 minutes are achieved.The reaction is enhanced in the consistency range of about 0.017-0.7%.The slurry is mixed using a mixing energy of 0.002-1.0 horsepower per cubic foot of gassed slurry. The mixing energy will determine whether the gas-liquid or liquid-solid interface will limit the speed of the reactions. The passage of ozone from the gas to a liquid phase will be the limiting factor below about 0.2 horsepower per cubic foot of gassed slurry. The increasing presence of ozone in the liquid as the horsepower increases from about 0.2 to about 0.4 horsepower per cubic foot of gassed slurry indicates this is a zone in which both the gas-liquid and the liquid-solid interface are limiting factors. Above about 0.4 horsepower per cubic foot of gassed slurry the liquid-solid interface will be the limiting factor.Superficial velocity of the ozone bearing gas is in a range of 200-3800 feet per hour. The ozone usually is 0.05-6% by weight of the total weight of the gas.

摘要翻译： 将纤维素纤维和水的浆液在纤维和水的总未脱气重量的0.017-4.9％的范围内与臭氧一起漂白。 没有通常添加有机添加剂就可以完成。 水可以包括由漂白过程产生的杂质。 8分钟以下，优选5分钟以下快速反应时间。 该反应在约0.017-0.7％的一致性范围内得到增强。 使用0.002-1.0马力/立方英尺充气浆料的混合能量将浆料混合。 混合能量将决定气液或液 - 固界面是否会限制反应的速度。 臭氧从气体通到液相将是每立方英尺充气浆料低于约0.2马力的限制因素。 臭氧在液体中的增加的存在随着马力从每立方英尺充气浆料的约0.2至约0.4马力的增加表明这是气液和液 - 固界面都是限制因素的区域。 高于约0.4马力/立方英尺的充气浆液液固界面将成为限制因素。 含臭氧气体的表观速度在每小时200-3800英尺的范围内。 臭氧通常为气体总重量的0.05-6重量％。

公开(公告)号：US5472567A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-05

申请号：US356455

申请日：1994-12-15

申请人： Louis O. Torregrossa

发明人： Louis O. Torregrossa

IPC分类号： B01F3/04 ,  B01F5/00 ,  B01F5/04 ,  B01J8/14 ,  B01J19/00 ,  C02F1/78 ,  D21C9/10 ,  D21C11/00 ,  D21C11/06 ,  D21C9/153 ,  D21D5/24

CPC分类号： B01J8/14 ,  B01F5/0057 ,  B01F5/0476 ,  B01J19/006 ,  D21C9/10 ,  B01F2003/04319 ,  B01F2003/0439 ,  B01F3/04099 ,  B01J2219/00103 ,  B01J2219/0011 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/00182 ,  B01J2219/00772 ,  C02F1/78

摘要： A number of different, efficient treatments of slurries and liquid with gas can be provided. A slurry or liquid is introduced into a first end of a vortex. A gas--such as a chemically reactive gas--is introduced from exteriorly of the vortex into contact with the slurry or liquid in the vortex, so that a desired reaction between the slurry or liquid and the gas takes place. The treated slurry or liquid is removed from the second end of the vortex while any residual or carrier gas is removed from the first end of the vortex. Gas introduction is preferably accomplished through a porous surface of revolution (e.g. cylindrical or conical) wall surrounding the vortex, the gas being in minute bubble form when it enters the slurry or liquid. This has particular applicability in the treatment of paper pulp using an ozone containing gas, or in reacting various liquids in the paper and pulp industry with gas (such as reaction of caustic solutions with chlorine or chlorine dioxide gas), the stripping of a strippable component from a liquid (e.g. stripping black liquor soap from black liquor, using air), or absorbing an absorbable component in a gas into a liquid (such as absorbing ozone, chlorine, or the like in water), or scrubbing furnace flue gases. Gas may also optionally be removed from adjacent the second end of the vortex through a separate conduit from the gas being removed from the first end of the vortex.

摘要翻译： 可以提供许多不同的，有效的处理浆料和液体与气体。 将浆液或液体引入涡流的第一端。 气体（如化学反应气体）从涡流外部引入与涡流中的浆液或液体接触，从而发生浆液或液体与气体之间所需的反应。 从涡流的第二端除去处理后的浆料或液体，同时从涡流的第一端除去任何残余的或载气。 气体引入优选通过围绕涡流的旋转的多孔表面（例如圆柱形或圆锥形）壁进行，气体在其进入浆料或液体时处于微小气泡形式。 这对于使用含臭氧气体的纸浆处理或使纸和纸浆工业中的各种液体与气体（例如苛性碱溶液与氯气或二氧化氯气体的反应）反应的纸浆处理特别适用，剥离可剥离组分 或者将气体中的可吸收组分吸收到液体中（例如在水中吸收臭氧，氯等）或洗涤炉烟道气。 气体还可以通过与从涡流的第一端除去的气体分开的导管从涡流的第二端相邻地移除。

公开(公告)号：US4298426A

公开(公告)日：1981-11-03

申请号：US48936

申请日：1979-06-15

申请人： Louis O. Torregrossa ,  Jozef M. Bentvelzen ,  Gerald D. Crosby ,  Michael D. Meredith ,  Henry Bepple

发明人： Louis O. Torregrossa ,  Jozef M. Bentvelzen ,  Gerald D. Crosby ,  Michael D. Meredith ,  Henry Bepple

IPC分类号： D21C9/10 ,  D21C9/12 ,  D21C9/14 ,  D21C9/16 ,  D21D5/28

CPC分类号： D21C9/1068

摘要： A wood pulp slurry is treated with oxygen in a mill with little change to the process or structure of the mill. No special pressure tanks are required. The consistency of the pulp need not be altered for the treatment step. It may be treated at the usual process consistency of the pulp; e.g., it may be treated at the usual consistency of the pulp leaving a washer or subsequent steam mixer without additional dewatering or additional dilution.The oxygen is added into a closed section of the system so that it cannot immediately vent to the atmosphere. Alkali should also be present when the oxygen is mixed with the slurry. The mixing should occur near to the point of oxygen addition.The mixing occurs in a relatively small mixer that intensively mixes the slurry and gas. The mixer has a mixing zone with a swept area of 10,000 to 1,000,000 square meters per metric ton of oven-dry pulp. A preferred range is 25,000 to 150,000 square meters per metric ton of oven-dry pulp and an optimum range of around 65,400 square meters per metric ton of oven-dry pulp.The pulp is treated several times during a sequence. Some sequences are O-X-O and O-O-X-O in which X may be chlorine, chlorine dioxide, a combination of chlorine and chlorine dioxide - mixture of chlorine and chlorine dioxide, C.sub.D, D.sub.c -, hypochlorite, peroxide and ozone. The sequence may be followed by a D stage.Other systems and specific mixer designs are also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 在磨机中用氧气处理木浆浆料，对轧机的工艺或结构几乎没有变化。 不需要特殊的压力罐。 对于处理步骤，不需要改变纸浆的稠度。 可以按照纸浆的通常工艺一致性进行处理; 例如，可以以离开洗涤器或随后的蒸汽混合器的纸浆的通常稠度进行处理，而无需额外的脱水或额外的稀释。 将氧气加入系统的封闭部分，使其不能立即排放到大气中。 当氧气与浆料混合时，碱也应存在。 混合应发生在加氧附近。 混合发生在相当小的混合器中，其密集地混合浆料和气体。 混合器具有混合区，扫地面积为10,000至100万平方米，每公吨烘干纸浆。 每公吨烘干纸浆的优选范围是25,000至15万平方米，每公吨干燥纸浆的最佳范围约为65,400平方米。 在一个序列中纸浆被处理好几次。 一些序列是O-X-O和O-O-X-O，其中X可以是氯，二氧化氯，氯和二氧化氯的组合 - 氯和二氧化氯的混合物，CD，Dc-，次氯酸盐，过氧化物和臭氧。 该序列之后可以是D阶段。 还公开了其他系统和特定混合器设计。

公开(公告)号：US5458738A

公开(公告)日：1995-10-17

申请号：US117592

申请日：1993-09-08

申请人： J. Wayne Chamblee ,  Brian F. Greenwood ,  Louis O. Torregrossa ,  Gunther Plattner

发明人： J. Wayne Chamblee ,  Brian F. Greenwood ,  Louis O. Torregrossa ,  Gunther Plattner

IPC分类号： B03D1/14 ,  B04C5/10 ,  D21D5/24 ,  D21F1/68 ,  D21F1/66

CPC分类号： B03D1/1425 ,  B04C5/10 ,  D21D5/24 ,  D21F1/68 ,  B03D1/028

摘要： Liquid process streams--such as white water, pressate, or washer filtrate from a pulp and paper mill--are clarified in an efficient manner using a gas sparged hydrocyclone, which takes up a minimum of floor space. A liquid stream having a consistency of less than about 0.5% solids is introduced into a first end of a vortex. Gas is sparged into the liquid in the vortex to cause particles to attach to gas bubbles and move through a rejects outlet at the first end of the vortex, while clarified liquid is removed from a second end of the vortex. A pedestal is typically provided at the accepts outlet, having a radial clearance with the inside of a porous tube through which the gas is sparged that is about 8-12% the radius of the porous tube.

摘要翻译： 使用鼓风式水力旋流器的有效方式澄清液体加工流，例如来自纸浆和造纸厂的白水，压力或洗涤液滤液，其占用最小的占地面积。 将具有小于约0.5％固体的稠度的液体流引入涡流的第一端。 将气体喷入涡流中的液体中，使颗粒附着在气泡上，并在涡流的第一端移动通过出口排出口，同时从涡流的第二端除去澄清的液体。 通常在接受出口处设有基座，与多孔管的内部具有径向间隙，气体喷射穿过多孔管的内径为多孔管的半径的约8-12％。